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Anatomy > Upper Limb Muscles > Flashcards

Upper Limb Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

pectoralis major

A

origin: anterior surfaces of clavicle and sternum; costal cartilages of ribs 1-6; aponeurosis of external oblique muscle
insertion: lateral lip of inter tubercular sulcus of humerus
action: flex and adduct arm; rotate arm medially

blood supply: pectoral branch of thoracoacromial artery; perforating branches of internal thoracic artery

innervation: medial and lateral pectoral nerves

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2
Q

pectoralis minor

A

origin: ribs 3-5 near costal cartilage
insertion: coracoid process of scapula
action: lowers lateral angle of scapula and protracts scapula

blood supply: pectoral branch of thoracoacromial artery

innervation: medial pectoral nerve

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3
Q

subclavius

A

origin: junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage
insertion: inferior surface of middle third of clavicle
action: anchor and depress clavicle

blood supply: clavicular branch of thoracoacromial artery

innervation: subclavian nerve

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4
Q

serratus anterior

A

origin: lateral surfaces of ribs 1-8
insertion: anterior surface of medial border of scapula
action: protract and rotate scapula; hold scapula against thoracic wall

blood supply: lateral thoracic artery

innervation: long thoracic nerve

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5
Q

deltoid

A

origin: lateral third of the clavicle; acromion; spine of scapula
insertion: deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

action:
clavicular- flexes and medially rotates shoulder joint
acromial- abducts shoulder joint (after 15 deg.)
spinal- extends and laterally rotates shoulder joint

blood supply: posterior circumflex humeral artery; deltoid branch of thoracoacromial artery

innervation: axillary nerve

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6
Q

teres major

A

origin: posterior surface of the inferior angle of the scapula
insertion: medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
action: adducts and medially rotates shoulder joint

blood supply: circumflex scapular artery

innervation: lower subscapular nerve

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7
Q

teres minor

A

origin: middle part of lateral border of scapula
insertion: inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
action: laterally rotate shoulder joint; help hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

blood supply: circumflex scapular artery

innervation: axillary nerve

rotator cuff muscle

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8
Q

supraspinatous

A

origin: supraspinous fossa of scapula
insertion: superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
action: initiate and assist deltoid with shoulder joint abduction

blood supply: suprascapular artery

innervation: suprascapular nerve

rotator cuff muscle

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9
Q

infraspinatous

A

origin: infraspinous fossa of scapula
insertion: middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
action: laterally rotate shoulder joint; help hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

blood supply: suprascapular artery

innervation: suprascapular nerve

rotator cuff muscle

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10
Q

subscapularis

A

origin: subscapular fossa of scapula
insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus
action: medially rotate and adduct shoulder joint

blood supply: subscapular artery; lateral thoracic artery

innervation: upper and lower subscapular nerves

rotator cuff muscle

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11
Q

biceps brachii

A

origin: short head- coracoid process of scapula; long head- supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
insertion: radial tuberosity
action: flex elbow joint; supination

blood supply: brachial a.

innervation: musculocutaneous n.

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12
Q

brachialis

A

origin: middle part of anterior humerus
insertion: ulnar tuberosity
action: flex elbow joint in all positions

blood supply: brachial a.

innervation: musculocutaneous n.

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13
Q

coracobrachialis

A

origin: coracoid process of scapula
insertion: middle third of medial surface of humerus
action: adduct arm; flex arm at shoulder joint

blood supply: brachial a.

innervation: musculocutaneous a.

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14
Q

triceps brachii

A

origin: long head- infraglenoid tubercle of scapula; medial head- posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove; lateral head- posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove
insertion: olecranon process
action: extend arm (long head), extend elbow

blood supply: deep brachial a.

innervation: radial n.

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15
Q

pronator teres

A

origin: humeral head- medial epicondyle of humerus; ulnar head- coronoid process of ulna
insertion: middle of lateral surface of radius
action: pronate and flex forearm

blood supply: anterior ulnar recurrent artery

innervation: median nerve

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16
Q

flexor carpi radialis

A

origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
insertion: base of 2nd metacarpal (index finger)
action: flex and abduct hand at wrist

blood supply: radial artery

innervation: median nerve

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17
Q

palmaris longus

A

origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
insertion: distal half of flexor retinaculum
action: flex hand at wrist

blood supply: posterior ulnar recurrent artery

innervation: median nerve

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18
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris

A

origin: olecranon and posterior border of ulna
insertion: pisiform and hook of hamate
action: flex and adduct hand at wrist

blood supply: posterior ulnar recurrent artery

innervation: ulnar nerve

19
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis

A

origin: humero-ulnar head- medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna; radial head- oblique line of radius
insertion: bodies of middle phalanges of fingers
action: flex wrist joint and make “girly fist” (can’t flex distal phalanges)

blood supply: ulnar and radial arteries

innervation: median nerve

20
Q

flexor digitorum profundus

A

origin: proximal 3/4 of medial and anterior surfaces of ulna
insertion: bases of distal phalanges
action: flex distal interphalangeal joints; flex wrist (make regular fist)

blood supply: anterior interosseous artery and ulnar artery

innervation: ulnar nerve (digits 4 and 5), median nerve (digits 2 and 3))

21
Q

flexor pollicis longus

A

origin: anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane
insertion: base of distal phalange of thumb
action: flex wrist and thumb (bring thumb into fist)

blood supply: anterior interosseous artery

innervation: median nerve (anterior interosseous nerve)

22
Q

pronator quadratus

A

origin: distal 1/4 of anterior surface of ulna
insertion: distal 1/4 of anterior surface of radius
action: pronate forearm

blood supply: anterior interosseous artery

innervation: median nerve (anterior interosseous nerve)

23
Q

brachioradialis

A

origin: lateral supraepicondylar ridge of humerus
insertion: lateral surface of distal end of radius proximal to the styloid process
action: weak flexion of elbow; main flexor of elbow when forearm is pronated

blood supply: radial recurrent a.

innervation: radial n.

24
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus

A

origin: lateral epicondylar ridge of humerus
insertion: dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal
action: extend and abduct wrist

blood supply: radial a., radial recurrent a.

innervation: radial n.

25
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
insertion: dorsal aspect of base of 3rd metacarpal
action: extend and abduct wrist

blood supply: radial a., radial recurrent a.

innervation: radial n.

26
Q

extensor digitorum

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
insertion: extensor expansions of medial 4 fingers
action: extend wrist, extend fingers at metacarpophalangeal joints

blood supply: posterior interosseous a.

innervation: radial n. (posterior interosseous n.)

27
Q

extensor digiti minimi

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
insertion: extensor expansion of 5th finger
action: extend wrist, extend pinky at metacarpophalangeal joint

blood supply: posterior interosseous a.

innervation: radial n. (posterior interosseous n.)

28
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus, posterior border of ulna
insertion: dorsal aspect of of base of 5th metacarpal
action: extend and adduct wrist joint

blood supply: posterior interosseous a.

innervation: radial n. (posterior interosseous n.)

29
Q

supinator

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus, crest of ulna, radial collateral and annular ligaments
insertion: lateral, posterior, anterior surfaces of proximal 1/3 of radius
action: supinate forearm

blood supply: radial recurrent a., posterior interosseous a.

innervation: radial n.

30
Q

abductor pollicis longus

A

origin: posterior surface of proximal 1/3 of ulna, radius, and interosseous membrane
insertion: base of 1st metacarpal (thumb)
action: extend wrist, abduct and extend thumb at carpometacarpal joint

blood supply: posterior interosseous a.

innervation: radial n. (posterior interosseous n.)

31
Q

extensor pollicis longus

A

origin: posterior surface of middle 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane
insertion: dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb
action: extend wrist, extend distal phalanx of thumb

blood supply: posterior interosseous a.

innervation: radial n. (posterior interosseous n.)

32
Q

extensor pollicis brevis

A

origin: posterior surface of distal 1/3 of radius and interosseous membrane
insertion: dorsal aspect of proximal phalanx of thumb
action: extend wrist, extend proximal phalanx of thumb

blood supply: posterior interosseous a.

innervation: radial n. (posterior interosseous n.)

33
Q

extensor incidis

A

origin: posterior surface of distal 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane
insertion: extensor expansion of 2nd finger (index)
action: extend wrist, extend 2nd finger (index)

blood supply: posterior interosseous a.

innervation: radial n. (posterior interosseous n.)

34
Q

opponens pollicis

A

origin: flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
insertion: lateral side of 1st metacarpal
action: oppose thumb

blood supply: radial a. (superficial palmar branch)

innervation: recurrent branch of median nerve

35
Q

abductor pollicis brevis

A

origin: flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
insertion: lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
action: abduct thumb

blood supply: radial a. (superficial palmar branch)

innervation: recurrent branch of median nerve

36
Q

flexor pollicis brevis

A

origin: flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
insertion: lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
action: flex thumb

blood supply: radial a. (superficial palmar branch)

innervation: superficial head (recurrent branch of median nerve); deep head (deep branch of ulnar nerve)

37
Q

adductor pollicis

A

origin: oblique head- base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals and capitate; transverse head- anterior surface of shaft of 3rd metacarpal
insertion: medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
action: adduct thumb

blood supply: deep palmar arch

innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve

38
Q

abductor digiti minimi

A

origin: pisiform
insertion: medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th finger
action: abduct 5th finger

blood supply: deep palmar branch of ulnar artery

innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve

39
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

origin: hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
insertion: medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th finger
action: flex proximal phalanx of 5th finger

blood supply: deep palmar branch of ulnar artery

innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve

40
Q

opponens digiti minimi

A

origin: hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
insertion: medial border of 5th metacarpal
action: brings pinky to opposition with the thumb

blood supply: deep palmar branch of ulnar artery

innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve

41
Q

lumbricals

A

origin: 1 & 2- lateral 2 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus; 3 & 4- medial 3 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
insertion: lateral sides of extensor expansions of 2-5 fingers
action: flex metacarpophalangeal joints and extend interphalangeal joints of fingers 2-5

blood supply: superficial and deep palmar arches

innervation: median nerve (1 and 2), deep branch of ulnar nerve (3 and 4)

42
Q

dorsal interossei

A

origin: adjacent sides of 2 metacarpals
insertion: lateral sides of extensor expansions of 2nd-5th fingers
action: abduct 2-4 fingers from axial line; act with lumbricals

blood supply: deep palmar arch

innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve

43
Q

palmar interossei

A

origin: palmar surfaces of 2, 4, 5 metacarpals
insertion: bases of proximal phalanges; extensor expansions of 2, 4, 5 fingers
action: adduct 2, 4, 5 fingers toward axial line; assist lumbricals

blood supply: deep palmar arch

innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve

Anatomy (5 decks)

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