Upper limb areas Flashcards
5 areas of the upper limb
- the axilla
- the cubital fossa
- the carpal tunnel
- the anatomical snuffbox
the axilla is the area which
lies underneath the glenohumeral joint–> junction b/w upper limb and thorax
the axilla provides a
passageway for neurovascular structures and muscular structures leaving and entering the limb
apex border of the axilla
supeeior border of the scapula and psoterior border of the clavicle
lateral border of the axilla
intertubercular groove of the humerus
medial border of the axilla
serratus anterior and thoracic wall (4 ribs)
anterior wall of the axilla
pectoralis major and minor and subclavius muscle
how to remeber the contents of the axilla
AABAB
Axillary artery and branches
Axillary vein
Brachial plexus
Axiallary lymph nodes
Biceps brachii
axillary artery and branches
meain artery supplying the upper lim (medial and posteiror parts travel into the axilla
axillary vein
main vein draining the upper arm
cephalic and basilic
passageways exiting the axilla: 3 routes
- main routes
- quadrangular space
- clavicpectoral triangle
main route
immediatley inferiorly and laterally into the upper limb
quadrangular soace
gap in the posterior wall of the axilla allowing access to the posterior arm and shoulder area
e.g. axillary enrve and posterior circumflex humeral artery
clavipectoral triangle
opening in the anteiror wall of the axilla
- cephalic vein enters this way
- medial and alteral pecroral nerve leave
cubital fossa
the transition between the anatomical arm and forearm
- depression on the anteriro surface of the elbow joint
draw the cubital fossa borders
superior border: imaginary line btw epicondyles
lateral border: medial border of the brachioradialis
medial border: lateral border of the pronator teres
content of the cubital fossa (lateral to medial) with pneumonic
Really Need (radial nerve)
Beer To (biceps tendon)
Be At (brachial artery)
My Nicest (median nerve)
the carpal tunnel
narrow passageway found on the anterior portion of the wrist–> Acts as an entrance for sevral tendons and the median nerve
borders of the carpal tunnel
carpal arch
flexor retinaculum
carpal arch
concave on the palmar side, forming thr base and sides of the carpal tunnel
- laterally- scaphoid and trapezium
- medially- hook of hamate and pisiform
flexor retinaculum
connective tissue which forms the rood
- bridges the space between medial and lateral parts of the arch
- originates: lateral side
- inserts: medial side
contents of the carpal tunnel
9 tendons and the median nerve
tendons of the carpal tunnel
- flexor pollicis longus tendon x 1 (has its own synovial sheath- allows free movement of tendon)
- flexor digitorum profundus tenond x 4
-
flexor digitorum superificialis tendon x 4
- all 8 tenodns of the FDP and FDS are surroudned by a single synovial sheath
