Upper Limb

Question 1

What is the axilla?

Answer 1

The axilla is the pyramidal space below the shoulder joint.

Question 2

What forms the anterior wall of the axilla?

Answer 2

pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles

Question 3

What forms the posterior wall of the axilla?

Answer 3

latissimus dorsi muscle

Question 4

What forms the medial wall of the axilla?

Answer 4

thoracic wall and serratus anterior muscle

Question 5

What forms the lateral wall of the axilla?

Answer 5

intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

Question 6

What forms the apex of the axilla?

Answer 6

the cervio-axillary canal

Question 7

List the contents of the axilla.

Answer 7

• Axillary artery and branches
• Axillary vein and tributaries
• Nerves of cords
• Branches of brachial plexus
• Lymphatic vessels
• Axillary lymph nodes

Question 8

From which artery is the axillary artery a continuation?

Answer 8

the subclavian

Question 9

Where does the axillary artey begin and end?

Answer 9

begins at lateral border of 1st rib

ends at inferior border of teres major

Question 10

What forms the brachial plexus?

Answer 10

the ventral rami of C5-T1

Question 11

What are the roots of the brachial plexus?

Answer 11

• C5-T1

Question 12

What is the cause of Erb’s palsy?

Answer 12

Hyper-extension of the head from the shoulder

Question 13

What forms the superior trunk?

Answer 13

C5 and C6

Question 14

What forms the middle trunk?

Answer 14

C7

Question 15

What forms the inferior trunk?

Answer 15

C8 and T1

Question 16

What forms the lateral cord?

Answer 16

superior and middle trunks

Question 17

What forms the posterior cord?

Answer 17

superior, middle and inferior trunks

Question 18

What forms the medial cord?

Answer 18

inferior trunk

Question 19

Which nerve(s) originate from the lateral cord?

Answer 19

musculocutaneous nerve

median nerve

Question 20

Which nerve(s) originate from the posterior cord?

Answer 20

radial nerve

axillary nerve

Question 21

Which nerve(s) originate from the medial cord?

Answer 21

median nerve

ulnar nerve

Question 22

Why are the brachial plexus cords named as they are?

Answer 22

due to their position in relation to the axillary artery.

Question 23

In which dermatome is your thumb?

Answer 23

C6

Question 24

In which dermatome is your little finger?

Answer 24

C8

Question 25

Name the two groups of nodes that an infection in the arm or chest may drain into.

Answer 25

axillary

internal thoracic