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Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 muscles of the Pectoral Region?

A

1) Pectoralis Major
2) Pectoralis Minor
3) Serratus Anterior
4) Subclavius

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2
Q

Where does Pec. Major originate?

A

Sternum and clavicle (2 heads)

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3
Q

Where does Pec. Major insert?

A

Intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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4
Q

Pec. Major actions

A

Upper limb

  • adduction
  • medial rotation
  • flexion (clavicular head only)

Scapula

  • anterior inferior
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5
Q

Pec. Major innervation

A

Lateral and Medial Pectoral nerves

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6
Q

Pec. minor origin

A

Ribs 3-5

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7
Q

Pec. Minor insertion

A

coracoid process

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8
Q

Pec. Minor actions

A

scapula anterior inferior

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9
Q

Pec. Minor innervation

A

Medical pectoral nerve

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10
Q

Serratus Anterior origin

A

Ribs 1-8 laterally

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11
Q

Serratus Anterior insertion

A

Scapula medially (costal surface)

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12
Q

Serratus Anterior actions

A

scapula rotation (allows arm raise >90 degrees)

‘holds’ scapula against rib cage

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13
Q

Serratus Anterior innervation

A

Long thoracic nerve

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14
Q

What would a winged scapula appearance be a sign of?

A

Damaged Long Thoracic nerve

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15
Q

What would be the clinical sign of a damaged long thoracic nerve and why?

A

winged scapula

Long thoracic nerve supplies Serratus Anterior which ‘holds’ scapula against rib cage

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16
Q

Subclavius origin

A

junction of 1st rib and costal cartilage

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17
Q

Subclavius insertion

A

inferior middle 1/3rd of clavicle

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18
Q

Subclavius function

A

depress and anchor clavicle

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19
Q

Subclavius innervation

A

subclavian nerve

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20
Q

What are the general origin and insertions of extrinsic shoulder muscles

A

origin- torso insertion - shoulder bones (clavicle, scapula, humerus)

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21
Q

What are the general origins and insertions of intrinsic shoulder muscles

A

origin - scapula/clavicle

insertion - humerus

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22
Q
A
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23
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the shoulder?

A
  1. trapezius
  2. latissimus dorsi
  3. Levator Scapulae
  4. Rhomboid Major
  5. Rhomboid Minor
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24
Q
A
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25
Trapezius Origin
Skull Nuchal Ligament Spinous processes C7-T12
26
Trapezius Insertion
Clavicle Acromion Scapula Spine
27
Trapezius Actions
Scapula * elevation (upper fibres) * rotation (upper fibres) * retraction (middle fibres) * inferior (lower fibres)
28
Trapezius Innvervation
Accessory nerve
29
How do you test the accessory nerve
Ask pt to shrug shoulders
30
31
Latissimus Dorsi Origin
spinous processes T6-T12 thoracolumbar fascia inferior 3 ribs
32
Latissimus Dorsi insertion
intertubercular sulcus of humerus
33
Latissimus Dorsi actions
Upper limb * extension * adduction * medial rotation
34
Latissimus Dorsi Innervation
Thoracodorsal Nerve
35
Which nerve innervates all the deep muscles of the shoulder?
Dorsal Scapular Nerve
36
Levator Scapulae origin
transverse process C1-C4
37
Levator Scapulae insertion
medial scapula border
38
Levator Scapulae Action
elevate scapula
39
Levator Scapulae Innervation
Dorsal Scapula Nerve
40
Rhomboid Major origin
Spinous process T2-T5
41
Rhomboid Major insertion
medial border of scapula
42
Rhomboid Major action
**_R_**etract and **_R_**otate Scapula
43
Rhomboid Major innervation
Dorsal Scapula Nerve
44
Rhomboid Minor origin
Spinous process C7-T1
45
Rhomboid Minor insertion
medial border of scapula
46
Rhomboid Minor action
**_R_**etract and **_R_**otate Scapula
47
Rhomboid Minor Innervation
Dorsal Scapular Nerve
48
49
What are the intrinsic muscles of the shoulder?
1. Deltoid 2. Teres Major 3. Supraspinatus 4. Infraspinatus 5. Subscapularis 6. Teres Minor
50
Deltoid Origin
Scapula and Clavicle
51
Deltoid Insertion
Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus (lateral)
52
Deltoid Action
Arm * flexion (anterior fibres) * extension (posterior fibres) * abduction 15-90 degrees (middle fibres)
53
Deltoid Innervation
Axillary Nerve
54
Teres Major Origin
Posterior scapula
55
Teres Major Insertion
intertubercular sulus of humerus
56
Teres Major action
arm * medial rotation * adduction (at shoulder)
57
Teres Major innervation
Lower subscapular nerve
58
What are the 4 rotator cuff muscles
1. Supraspinatus 2. Infraspinatus 3. Subscapularis 4. Teres Minor
59
Supraspinatus origin
supraspinous fossa of the scapula
60
supraspinatous insertion
greater tubercle of the humerus
61
Supraspinatus action
arm * abduction until 15 degrees * abduction assistance until 90 degrees
62
Supraspinatus innvervation
suprascapular nerve
63
Infraspinatus origin
infraspinous fossa of scapula
64
infraspinatus insertion
greater tubercle of humerus
65
infraspinatus action
arm - lateral rotation
66
infraspinatus innervation
suprascapular nerve
67
subscapularis origin
subscapular fossa of scapula (costal surface)
68
Subscapularis insertion
lesser tubercle of humerus
69
subscapularis action
arm - medial rotation
70
subscapularis innervation
upper and lower subscapular nerves
71
Teres Minor origin
posterior scapula
72
Teres Minor insertion
greater tubercle of humerus
73
Teres minor action
arm - lateral rotation
74
Teres Minor innervation
axillary nerve
75
Which muscles are in the upper arm?
1. Biceps Brachii 2. Coracobrachialis 3. Brachialis 4. Triceps Brachii
76
Which nerve supplies the muscles of the upper arm?
Musculocutaneous nerve
77
Biceps Brachii origin
Supraglenoid tuberosity of scapula (long head) coracoid process (short head)
78
Biceps Brachii insertion
Radial tuberosity forearm fascia (via bicipital aponeurosis)
79
Biceps Brachii action
arm * flexion * supination (forearm)
80
Biceps Brachii innvervation
musculocutaneous nerve
81
Coracobrachialis origin
coracoid process
82
Coracobrachialis insertion
medial humerus
83
Coracobrachialis action
arm * flexion * adduction
84
Coracobrachialis innervation
musculocutaneous nerve
85
Brachialis origin
medial and lateral humerus
86
Brachialis insertion
ulna tuberosity
87
Brachialis action
arm flexion
88
Brachialis innervation
musculocutaneous nerve
89
Triceps Brachii origin
1. infraglenoid tubercle of scapula (long head) 2. humerus superior to radial groove (lateral head) 3. humerus inferior to radial groove (medial head)
90
Triceps Brachii insertion
ulna olecrannon
91
Triceps Brachii action
arm * extension
92
Triceps Brachii innervation
Radial Nerve
93
Which spinal segments do the biceps and triceps tendon reflexes test?
Biceps - C6 Triceps - C7

Anatomy (3 decks)

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