Upper limb

Question 1

Which muscles does the spinal accessory nerve (XI) innervate?

Answer 1

Sternocleidomastoid

Trapeius

Question 2

Which muscle does the long thoracic nerve innervate?

What clinical sign is seen when this nerve is damaged?

Answer 2

Serratus Anterior

Winging of the scapula

Question 3

Which muscles does the suprascapular nerve innervate?

Answer 3

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Question 4

What are the muscles of the rotator cuff?

Answer 4

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Subscapularis
Teres minor

Question 5

Which muscles are innervated by the subscapular nerve?

Answer 5

Subscapularis

Teres major

Question 6

Which muscles are innervated by the axillary nerve?

Answer 6

Deltoid

Teres minor

Question 7

Which muscles is innervated by the thoracodorsal nerve?

Answer 7

Latissmus Dorsi

Question 8

Which muscles are innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve?

Answer 8

Levator scapulae
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor

Question 9

Which nerves innervated the pectoral muscles?

Answer 9

Lateral and medial pectoral nerves.

Question 10

Which brachial plexus injury is the waiter’s tip sign associated with?

Answer 10

Erb’s palsy - upper brachial plexus injury (C5-C6)

Question 11

Which nerve is most likely to be damaged in shoulder dislocation and how would you test this?

Answer 11

Axillary nerve

Loss of sensation in regimental badge area

Question 12

Which nerve injury is associated with wrist drop?

Answer 12

Radial nerve injury

Question 13

What are some common mechanisms of radial nerve injury?

Answer 13

Midshaft humeral fracture
Compression in the spiral grove
Saturday night palsy

Question 14

Which group of muscles has a common attachment site on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus.

Answer 14

Extensors of the forearm

Question 15

Which group of muscles has a common attachment site on the medial epicondyle of the humerus.

Answer 15

Flexors of the forearm

Question 16

Which muscle group is affected in golfer’s elbow?

Answer 16

Flexors of the forearm

Golfer elbow = medial epicondylitis

Question 17

Which muscle group is affected in tennis elbow?

Answer 17

Extensors of the elbow

Tennis elbow = lateral epicondylitis

Question 18

Which muscles in the forearm does the ulnar nerve innervate?

Answer 18

Flexor carpi ulnaris

1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus

Question 19

Which muscles of the thumb are innervated by the medial nerve?

Answer 19

Opponens Pollicis
Abductor Pollicis brevis
Flexor Pollicis brevis

Question 20

Which muscle of the thumb is innervated by the ulnar nerve?

Answer 20

Adductor Pollicis

Question 21

What is unusual about brachioradialis?

Answer 21

It sits in the extensor compartment and is innervated by the radial nerve but is actually a flexor of the elbow.

Question 22

Which muscles do the musculocutaneous nerve innervate?

Answer 22

Anterior arm - Biceps Brachii, Coracobrachialis, brachialis

Question 23

What are the contents of the carpal tunnel?

Answer 23

Median nerve
Flexor digitorum profundus tendons (4)
Flexor digitorum superficialis tendons (4)
Flexor Pollicis longus tendon (1)

Question 24

What forms the roof of the carpal tunnel?

Answer 24

Flexor retinaculum

Question 25

What are the contents of the anatomical snuffbox?

Answer 25

Radial artery
Radial nerve
Cephalic vein

Question 26

What is different about the blood supply to the scaphoid?

Answer 26

It’s distal to proximal

Question 27

At what level is the spinal reflex arc for biceps brachii?

Answer 27

predominantly C6

Question 28

At what level is the spinal reflex arc for brachioradialis?

Answer 28

C6

Question 29

At what level is the spinal reflex arc for tricpes brachii?

Answer 29

C7