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locomotor > upper limb > Flashcards

upper limb Flashcards

1
Q

describe the brachial plexus’ divisions

A

roots
trunks
divisions
cords
branches

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2
Q

what are the 5 terminal branches of the brachial plexus

A

Musculocutaneous
Axillary
Radial
Median
Ulnar

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3
Q

which nerve is in danger when glenohumeral dislocation

A

axillary

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4
Q

what is acromion process

A

big sticking out bit on scapula; meets with clavicle

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5
Q

what shape is glenohumeral joint

A

ball and socket

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6
Q

what shape is acromioclavicular joint

A

planar

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7
Q

what shape is sternoclavicular joint

A

saddle

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8
Q

what is particular about sternoclavicular jt

A

only place upper limb articulates with axial skeleton

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9
Q

a sternoclavicular dislocation is unusual but what is in danger if it does happen

A

braciocephalic trunk,
vagus
common carotid

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10
Q

why does shoulder drop in clavicle fracture

A

medial part of clavicle pulled up by sternoclediomastoid, humerus rotates inward and down, pulled by pectoralis maj

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11
Q

which of the branches of bracial plexus are anterior to axillary artery

A

MMU

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12
Q

what shape do the branches of braciocephalic trunk which are anterior to axillary artery make

A

letter M

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13
Q

what motor supply does the musculocutaneous nerve give

A

anterior compartment of arm (biceps brachii, brachialis, corobrachialis)

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14
Q

what motor supply does axillary nerve give

A

deltoids, teres min

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15
Q

what motor supply does radial nerve give

A

triceps brachii, posterior compartment of forearm

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16
Q

what motor supply does median nerve give

A

in general, these muscles perform pronation of the forearm, flexion of the wrist and flexion of the digits of the hand. LOAF
lateral 2 lumbricals
opponens pollicis
abductor pollicis
flexor pollicis brevis

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16
Q

what motor supply does median nerve give

A

in general, these muscles perform pronation of the forearm, flexion of the wrist and flexion of the digits of the hand.

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17
Q

what motor supply does median nerve give

A

in general, these muscles perform pronation of the forearm, flexion of the wrist and flexion of the digits of the hand.

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18
Q

what motor supply does median nerve give

A

in general, these muscles perform pronation of the forearm, flexion of the wrist and flexion of the digits of the hand.

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19
Q

what motor function does the ulnar nerve give

A

flexes DIP of 4,5 (lumbricals 4,5)
flexes and adducts the wrist
Interossei
ADDUCTOR POLLICIS

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20
Q

what sensory innovation: musculocutaneous nerve

A

lateral forearm

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21
Q

what sensory innovation:axillary

A

regimental patch

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22
Q

what sensory innovation: radial

A

dorsum hand digits 1,2,3

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23
Q

what sensory innovation: median

A

palmar digits 1,2,3, 1/2 of 4

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24
Q

what sensory innovation: ulnar

A

1/2 of 4, 5

25
Q

where in the trapezius is there most muscle - what does it do

A

at the top, elevates scapulae

26
Q

how many directions of fibres in trapezius

A

3

27
Q

what are the spinou origins of latissimus dorsi?

A

T7-L5

28
Q

where does teres major insert? what does it do?

A

bicipital groove, internally rotates humerus

29
Q

what do you get when serratus anterior is fucked

A

scapular winging

30
Q

where is pectoralis minor

A

ribs 3-5 - coracoid process

31
Q

is basilic or cephalic vein lateral

A

cephalic

32
Q

which nerve roots innervate the BBC?

A

c 567

33
Q

which nerve roots respond in teh biceps reflex

A

c56

34
Q

re biceps brachii; which head is lateral

A

Long is Lateral

35
Q

how is the role of the biceps brachii compromised when forearm is pronated

A

attached to radius so can’t supinate

36
Q

which nerve of the brachial plexus is very hard to injure in isolation

A

musculocutaneous

37
Q

how many muscles in posterior compt of arm

A

1

38
Q

which nerve innervates anterior compt of arm

A

musculocutaneous

39
Q

which nerve innervates posterior compt of arm

A

radial

40
Q

what is a dangerous when you fracture humerus

A

radial nerve runs right next to it - nerve damage

41
Q

what is the elbow end of the ulna called

A

olecranon process

42
Q

describe the path of the radial nerve

A

posterior in arm, anterior in elbow (lateral epicondyle)

43
Q

describe the path of the ulnar nerve

A

anterior in arm, posterior in elbow (medial epicondyle - funny bone)

44
Q

what do the sensory fibres of the msk nerve do

A

lateral forearm

45
Q

describe the path of the median nerve

A

follows brachial artery through elbow

46
Q

what’s the thing that holds the head of the radius in place

A

anular ligament

47
Q

what’s the clinical significance of anular ligament in children

A

subluxation of radius when holding child by the arm (such as swinging)

48
Q

which are the 2 pronator muscles

A

pronator teres and pronator quadratus

small and “QT”

49
Q

which is the most powerful supinator muscle

A

biceps brachii

50
Q

which is the most powerful supinator muscle

A

biceps brachii

51
Q

where does the biceps attach

A

radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis

52
Q

what is clinically relevant about the origin of brachioradialis

A

lateral epicondylitis - tennis elbow

53
Q

what runs in between osteocytes

A

canaliculi

54
Q

what do osteoblasts do

A

bone building bois

55
Q

what do osteoblasts secrete

A

osteoid

56
Q

when does an o. blast become an o.cyte

A

when entombed in osteoid

57
Q

what is the diaphysis

A

shaft of long bone

58
Q

what is the procedure with epiphyseal plate, long bone growth

A

resting chondrocytes
proliferation
hypertrophy
chondrocytes die
vascular invasion
bone

59
Q

what is the knock-on effect if you fracture a growth plate

A

reduced bone growth potential

60
Q

what is the bone growth of skull flat bones called

A

intramembranous ossification

61
Q

when do you find woven bone?

A

immature, healing, pathological

locomotor (3 decks)

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