Upper GI tract

Question 1

what are the 4 pairs of extrinsic muscles of the tongue

Answer 1

• palatoglossus
• styloglossus
• hyoglossus
• genioglossus

Question 2

what nerve innervates the extrinsic muscles of the tongue

Answer 2

hypoglossal nerve

Question 3

name the 4 intrinsic muscles of the tongue

Answer 3

• superior longitudinal muscles
• inferior longitudinal muscles
• vertical lingual muscle
• transverse lingual muscle

Question 4

what nerve innervates the intrinsic muscles of the tongue

Answer 4

hypoglossal nerve

Question 5

pharynx has which 3 regions

Answer 5

• nasopharynx
• oropharynx
• laryngopharynx

Question 6

what is oropharyngeal isthmus?

Answer 6

when you open the mouth then the back and dark area of the throat

Question 7

function of the salivary glands

Answer 7

produce saliva

Question 8

important of saliva

Answer 8

lubrication
protecting your teeth against bacteria
aids digestion

Question 9

what are the 3 pairs of major salivary glands

Answer 9

Parotid

submandibular

sublingual

Question 10

how do parotid gland secretes saliva?

Answer 10

through parotid duct in the mouth

Question 11

how do the submandibular gland secretes saliva

Answer 11

through submandibular duct into the oral cavity

Question 12

where does the sublingual gland located?

Answer 12

in the floor of mouth in the sublingual fold

Question 13

4 major muscles of mastication

Answer 13

masseter muscle

temporalis muscle

medial pterygoid muscle

lateral pterygoid muscle

Question 14

function of the temporalis

Answer 14

closing both the mouth and retraction

Question 15

Function of the masseter

Answer 15

Action of mastication (chewing)

Question 16

Function of medial pterygoid

Answer 16

produce elevation and protrusion of mandible

Question 17

function of lateral pterygoid

Answer 17

aid in chewing and biting by controlling the movement of mandible

Question 18

what are the 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve?

Answer 18

• Ophthalmic
• Maxillary
• Mandbular

Question 19

3 main branches of the coeliac trunk

Answer 19

the splenic
the hepatic
the left gastric artery

Question 20

name the 4 part of duodenum and their sizes

Answer 20

1st - superior part (2inch)
2nd - descending part (3 inch)
3rd - horizontal part (4 inch)
4th - ascending part (1 inch)

Question 21

where are the major and minor duodenal papillae are located and what are they opening for?

Answer 21

• located in the descending part

- where pancreatic juice goes into duodenum from pancreatic