Upper GI Conditions

Question 1

GORD defn:

Answer 1

acid from the stomach flows

backwards

through the lower oesophageal sphincter into the oesophagus

Question 2

Oesophagus has what lining?

stomach has?

Answer 2

squamous epithelium

columnar

Question 3

Dyspepsia defn?

Answer 3

indigestion

Question 4

2WW cancer referral?

Answer 4

Dysphagia at any age

> 55
weight loss
upper abdo pain
reflux
low haemoglobin

Question 5

Endoscopy

Answer 5

camera through the mouth down to oesophagus
stomach
duodenum

Question 6

Haitus hernias?

Answer 6

herniation of stomach up through diaphragm

Question 7

4 types of hernia

Answer 7

type 1 sliding

type 2 rolling

3: combo
4: large opening with additional abdominal organs netering thoraxnf

Question 8

famotidine

Answer 8

histamine h2 receptor antagonist

Question 9

Surgery for reflux

Answer 9

laparoscopic fundoplication

Question 9

H pylori

Answer 9

gram negative aerobic

flagella
produces ammonia hydroxide neutralising acid
toxins

Question 10

metaplasia

Answer 10

change in cell type
so in barretts

squamous > columnar

Question 11

dysplasia

Answer 11

abnormal cell type

Question 12

Zollinger–Ellison Syndrome

Answer 12

duodenal / pancreatic tumour

= GASTRIN

= stimulates acid secretion in the stomach

gastrinomas are associated with MEN1