Upper Extremity Muscles Flashcards
Platysma
O: inferior border of mandible and skin of the lower face
I: fascia and skin over pec major and deltoid
N: cervical branch of the facial nerve
A: tenses skin of the neck, facial expression
Sternocleidomastoid
O: mastoid process, lat 1/2 of superior nuchal line
I: sterno: anterior sternum
clav: middle 1/3 of clavicle
N: accessory nerve (CN XI)
A: uni> flex neck same side, rot head so face is turned opp and superior
bi> neck flex, cap ext, raises sternum on forced inspiration
Anterior Scalene
O: anterior tubercles of C3-C6
I: scalene tubercle and first rib
N: ventral rami C4-C6
A: elevates first rib, lat bend neck same side, rot head to opp side
Middle Scalene
O: post tubercles of C2-C7
I: sup. surface of 1st rib
N: ventral rami C3-C8
A: lat bend to same side, rot to opp side, elevates first rib, cervical flexion
Posterior Scalene
O: post tubercles of C4-C6
I: 2nd rib
N: ventral rami C6-C8
A: elevates 2nd rib, bend to same side, rot to opp side
Supraspinatus
O: supraspinous fossa
I: superior facet of greater tubercle of the humerus
N: suprascapular nerve
A: abduction, shoulder stabilization
Infraspinatus
O: infraspinous fossa
I: middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
N: suprascapular nerve
A: lateral rotation, shoulder stabilization
Subscapularis
O: subscapular fossa
I: lesser tubercles of humerus
N: lower and upper subscapular nerves
A:medial rotation, shoulder stabilization
Teres Minor
O: middle part of lateral border of scapula
I: inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
N: axillary nerve
A: lateral rotation, shoulder stabilization
Deltoid
O: ant-lateral 1/3 clavicle
mid- acromion
post- spine of scapula
I: deltoid tuberosity
N: axillary
A: ant- flexion, med rotation, horizontal adduction
mid- abduction
post- extension, lateral rotation, horizontal abductionTeres Major
O: posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
I: medial lip of intertubecular groove of humerus
N: lower subscapular nerve
A: extension from flexion, medial rotation, adduction
Subclavius
O:junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage
I:inferior surface of middle 1/3 of clavicle
N:nerve to subclavuis
A: depresses and moves clavicle forward, assists shoulder depression
Serratus Anterior
O: ribs 1-8
I: anterior surface of the meddial border of the scapula
N: long thoracic nerve
A: holds scap to thoracic cage scap abduction, *works with trap to rot scapula to allow shoulder abduction
Pectoralis Minor
O: ribs 3-5 near costal cartilage
I: coracoid process
N: medial and lateral pectoral nerves
A: protraction, elevates ribs in forced inspiration
Pectoralis Major
O: clav> ant. surface of med 1/2 clavicle
stern> ant. surface of sternum, sup. 6 costal cartilages, aponeurosis of ext oblique
I: lat lip of intertubecular groove
N:medial and lateral pectoral nerves
A: abducts, med rotates, elevates sternum
clav> horiz. adduction, flex, med rot
stern> oblique adduction, shoulder ext
Triceps Brachii
O: Long: infraglenoid tubercle
med: post. humerus inf. to radial groove
lat: post humerus sup. to radial groove
I: olecranon
N:radial
A: elbow extension
Palmaris Longus
O: medial epicondyle
I: palmar aponeurosis
N: median nerve
A: tenses palmar aponeurosis, assists wrist flexion
Pronator Quadratus
O: distal 1/4 ulna
I: distal 1/4 radius
N: median nerve
A: pronates forearm
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
O: medial epicondyle, coronoid process, oblique line radius
I: mid phalanx of digits 2-5
N:median nerve
A: flexes PIP joints
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
O: upper 3/4 of anterior and medial surfaces of ulna, coronoid process
I: distal phalanges of digits 2-5
N: digits 2-3> median nerve
digits 4-5> ulnar nerve
A: flexion of DIP, MCP, PIP joints of digits 2-5 and wrist flexion
Flexion Pollicis Longus
O: mid shaft radius
I: distal phalanx thumb
N: median nerve
A: flexion IP, MCP, CMC joints of thumbs
Pronator Teres
O: humerus: proximal to medial epicondyle
ulna: coronoid process
I: lateral surface of radius
N: median nerve
A: pronation of forearmFlexor Carpi Radialis
O: medial epicondyle
I: metacarpals 2-3
N: median nerve
A: wrist flexion, radial deviation
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
O:medial epicondyle, olecranon, posterior border of ulna
I: pisiform, hook of hamate, 5th metacarpal
N: ulnar nerve
A: wrist flexion, ulnar deviation
Extensor Digitorum
O: lateral epicondyle
I: extensor expansion of 2-5
N: radial nerve
A: extends MCP, PIP, DIP of 2-5
Brachioradialis
O: lateral supracondylar ridge
I: distal radius
N:radial
A: elbow flexion from all angles
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
O: lateral supracondylar ridge
I: 2nd MC
N:radial
A: wrist extension, radial deviation
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
O: lateral epicondyle
I: 3rd MC
N:radial
A: wrist extension
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
O: lateral epicondyle
I: 5th MC
N: radial
A: wrist extension, ulnar deviation
Supinator
O: lateral epicondyle, supinator crest of ulna
I: upper shaft of radius, tuberosity, and oblique line
N: radial
A: supinates forearm
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
O: distal radius
I: prox phalanx thumb
N: radial
A: extends MCP of thumb, extends/adducts CMC of thumb
Extensor Indicis
O: distal ulna
I: extensor expansion of 2nd digit
N: radial
A: extends MCP of 2nd digit
Abductor Pollicis Longus
O:posterior ulnar and radial shafts
I: 1st MC and trapezium
N: radial
A: extends and abducts thumb, radial deviation
Extensor Pollicis Longus
O:mid shaft ulna
I: distal phalanx of thumb
N:radial
A: extends IP of thumb
Extensor Digiti Minimi
O: lateral epicondyle
I: extensor expansion of 5th digit
N:radial
A: extends MCP, PIP, DIP of 5th digit
Abductor Pollicis Brevis
O: scaphoid and trapezium
I: prox phalanx of thumb
N: recurrent branch of the median nerve
A: abduction of CMC and MCP jonts of thumb
Opponens Pollicis
O:trapezium
I: 1st MC
N:recurrent branch of the median nerve, ulnar nerve
A: opposition of thumb
Flexor Pollicis Brevis
O: superficial: trapezium
deep: trapezoid and capitate
I: prox phalanx thumb
N: superficial: recurrent branch of the median nerve
deep: ulnar nerve
A: flexion of MP and CMC joints of thumb *assist thumb oppostion
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
O:hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
I: prox phalanx of 5th digit
N: ulnar nerve
A: MCP flexion of 5th digit *assist in opposition of 5th digit
Abductor Digiti Minimi
O: pisiform, tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris, pisohamate ligament
I: prox phalanx of 5th digit, dorsal expansion of extensor digiti minimi
N: ulnar nerve
A: abduction of 5th digit *assists opposition of 5th digit
Opponens Digiti Minimi
O: hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
I:medial border of 5th metacarpal
N:ulnar nerve
A: opposition of little finger to thumb
Adductor Pollicis
O:oblique head: capitate, MC base2 and 3
transverse head: shaft of 3 MC
I: prox phalanx thumb
N: ulnar nerve
A: adduction of CMC joint of thumbAnconeus
O:lateral epicondyle and capsule of elbow joint
I: olecranon and superior surface ulna
N: radial
A: elbow extension
Biceps Brachii
O: long: supraglenoid tubercle, labrum, capsule of shoulder joint
short: coracoid process
I: radial tuberosity
N: musculocutaneous nerve
A: elbow flexion, shoulder flexion, supination
Brachialis
O: distal half of humerus
I: ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process
N: musculocutaneous nerve
A: flexion in all positions
Coracobrachialis
O: coracoid process
I: mid humerus
N: musculocutaneous
A: shoulder flexion and adduction
