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Applied Anatomy > Upper Extremity > Flashcards

Upper Extremity Flashcards

0
Q

Infraspinatus

A

Origin: posterior surface of scapula below spine
Insertion: greater tubercle on posterior side of the humerus
Action: external rotation, horizontal abduction, and extension of the glenohumeral joint. Stabilization of the humeral head in the Glenoid fossa.
Innervation: suprascapular nerve (c5,c6)

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1
Q

Supraspiantus

A

Origin: medial 2/3 of the supraspinatus fossa
Insertion: superiority on the greater tubercle of the humerous
Action: abduction of the glenohumeral joint. Stabilization of the humeral head in the Glenoid fossa
Innervation: suprascapular nerve (C5)

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2
Q

Teres Major

A

Origin: posteriorly on the inferior 1/3 of the lateral border of the scapula and just superior to the inferior angle.
Insertion: medial lip of the inter tubercle groove of the humerus just posterior to the insertion of the latissimus dorsi
Action: extension, internal rotation, and adduction of the glenohumeral joint
Innervation: lower Subscapular nerve ( c5, c6)

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3
Q

Subscapularis

A

Origin: entire anterior surface of the Subscapular fossa
Insertion: lesser tubercle of the humerus
Action: internal rotation, adduction, and extension of the glenohumeral joint. Stabilization of the humeral head in the Glenoid fossa.
Innervation: upper and lower Subscapular nerve (C5,C6)

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4
Q

Trapezius

A

Origin: upper fibers- base of skull, middle fibers- spinous processes of the seventh cervical & upper 3 thoracic vertebra, lower fibers- spinous processes of 4th-12th thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: upper fibers- posterior aspect of the lateral 3rd of the clavicle, middle fibers- medial border of the acromion, lower fibers- triangular space at the base of the scapular spine
Action: upper- elevation of the scapula, upward rotation & extension & rotation of the head at the neck, middle-elevation, upward rotation, and adduction of the scapula, lower- depression, adduction, and upward rotation of the scapula
Innervation spinal accessory nerve & branches of C3,C4

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5
Q

Deltoid

A

Origin: anterior- anterior lateral third of the clavicle, middle- lateral aspect of the acromion, posterior- inferior edge of the spine of the scapula
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity on the lateral humerus
Action: anterior- abduction, flexion, horizontal adduction, and internal rotation of the of the glenohumeral joint; middle- abduction of the glenohumeral joint; posterior- abduction, extension, horizontal abduction, and external rotation of the glenohumeral joint
Innervation: axillary nerve (C5,C6)

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6
Q

Serratus Anterior

A

Origin: surface of the upper nine ribs at the side of the chest
Insertion:anterior aspect of the whole length of the medial border of the scapula
Action: abduction & upward rotation
Innervation: long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)

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7
Q

Levator Scapulae

A

Origin: Transverse processes of the upper four cervical vertebrae
Insertion: medial border of the scapula from the superior angle to the scapular spine
Action: elevation of the scapula, weak downward rotation and weak adduction
Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve C5 and branches of C3&C4

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8
Q

Rhomboid Major/Minor

A

Origin: spinous processes of the 7th cervical and first 5 thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: medial border of the scapula
Action: work together, adduction, downward rotation, and elevation

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9
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

Origin: posterior crest of the ilium, back of the sacrum, & spinous processes of the lumbar and lower 6 thoracic vertebrae (T6-T12), slips from he lower three ribs
Insertion: medial lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus
Action: adduction, extension, internal rotation and horizontal abduction of the glenohumeral joint
Innervation: thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C8)

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10
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

Origin: upper (clavicular head)-medial half of the anterior surface of the clavicle, lower (sternal head)- anterior surface of the costal cartilages of the first 6 ribs and adjacent portion of the sternum
Insertion: flat tendon 2 or 3 inches wide to the lateral lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus
Action: upper-internal rotation, horizontal adduction, flexion 60 degrees,abduction (after 90 degrees) & adduction (below 90 degrees) of the glenohumeral joints; lower- internal rotation, horizontal adduction, & adduction & extension of the glenohumeral joint
Innervation: upper-lateral pectoral nerve (C5-C7)

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11
Q

Pectoralis Minor

A

Origin: anterior surfaces of the third to fifth ribs
Insertion: coracoid process of the scapula
Action: abduction, downward rotation, and depression
Innervation: medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1)

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12
Q

Teres Minor

A

Origin: posteriorly on the upper and middle aspect of the lateral border of the scapula
Insertion: posteriorly on the greater tubercle or the humerus
Action: external rotation, horizontal abduction, and extension of the glenohumeral joint; and stabilization of the humeral head in the Glenoid fossa
Innervation: axillary nerve (C5-C6)

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13
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

Origin: coracoid process of the scapula
Insertion: middle or the medial border of the humeral shaft
Action: flexion, adduction, and horizontal adduction of the glenohumeral joint
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7)

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14
Q

Biceps Brachii

A

Origin: long head- supraglenoid tubercle above the superior lip of the Glenoid fossa; short head- coracoid process of the scapula & upper lip of the Glenoid fossa
Insertion: tuberosity of the radius and bicepital aponeurosis
Action: flexion of the elbow, supination of the forearm, weak flexion or the shoulder joint & weak abduction of the shoulder joint
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6)

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15
Q

Brachiallis

A

Origin: distal half of the anterior shaft of the humerus
Insertion: coronoid process of the ulna
Action: true flexion of the elbow
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve (C5,C6)

16
Q

Triceps Brachii

A

Origin: long head- infraglenoid tubercle below the inferior lip of the Glenoid fossa of the scapula; lateral head- upper 1/2 of the posterior surface of the humerus; distal 2/3 of the posterior surface of the humerus
Insertion: olecrenon process of the ulna
Action: all heads- extension of the elbow; long head- extension, adduction & horizontal abduction of he shoulder joint
Innervation: radial nerve (C7,C8)

17
Q

Brachiloradialis

A

Origin: distal 2/3 of the lateral condyloid ridge of the humerus
Insertion: lateral surface of the distal end of the radius at the styloid process
Action: flexion of the elbow, pronation and supination of the forearm
Innervation: radial nerve (C5,C6)

18
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: base of the third metacarpal (dorsal)
Action: extension and adduction of the wrist, weak flexion of the elbow
Innervation: radial nerve (C6,C7)

19
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

A

Origin: distal 1/3 of the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus and lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: base of the second metacarpal (dorsal)
Action: extension and abduction of the wrist, weak flexion of the elbow, and weak pronation
Innervation: Radial nerve (C6,C7)

20
Q

Supinator

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus and neighboring posterior part of the ulna
Insertion: lateral surface of the proximal radius just below the head
Action: Supination of the forearm
Innervation: Radial nerve (C6)

21
Q

Extensor Digitorum

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: four tendons to bases of middle and distal phalanxes of the four finders (dorsal surface)
Action: extension of 2-5 phalanges, extension of the wrist, and weak extension of the elbow
Innervation: radial nerve (C6-C8)

22
Q

Extensor Digiti Minimi

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: base of the middle and distal phalanxes of the 5th phalanx (dorsal)
Action: extension of the little finger, weak wrist and elbow extension
Innervation: Radial nerve (C6-C8)

23
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus, middle 2/4 of the posterior border of the ulna
Insertion: base of the 5th metacarpal (dorsal)
Action: extension and adduction of the wrist, weak extension of the elbow
Innervation: radial nerve (C6,C8)

24
Q

Abductor Pollicus Longus

A

Origin: posterior aspect of the radius and mid shaft of the ulna
Insertion: base of the first metacarpal (dorsal lateral)
Action: abduction of the thumb and wrist, extension of the thumb, weak supination of the forearm, and weak extension of the wrist
Innervation: radial nerve (C6,C7)

25
Q

Extensor Indicus

A

Origin: between middle and distal 1/3 of the posterior ulna
Insertion: base of the middle and distal phalanxes of the second phalange (dorsal)
Action: extension of the index finder, weak wrist extension, and weak supination of the forearm
Innervation: radial nerve (C6,C8)

26
Q

Pronator Teres

A

Origin: distal part of the medial condyloid ridge of the humerus and medial side of the proximal ulna
Insertion: middle third of the lateral surface of the radius
Action: pronation of the forearm and weak flexion of the elbow
Innervation: median nerve (C6,C7)

27
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis

A

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: base of the second and third metacarpals (palmar surface)
Action: flexion and abduction of the wrist, weak flexion of the elbow and weak pronation of the forearm
Innervation: median nerve (C6,C7)

28
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

A

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus; ulnar head- medial coracoid process; radial head- uppe 2/3 of anterior border if the radius
Insertion: each tendon splits and attaches to the sides of the middle phalanx of the four fingers (palmar side)
Actions: Flexion of the fingers and the wrist and weak flexion of the elbow
Innervation: median nerve (C7, C8, T1)

29
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

A

Origin: proximal 3/4 of the anterior and medial ulna
Insertion: base of the distal phalanxes of the four fingers
Action: flexion of the four fingers and the wrist
Innervation: median nerve (C8,T1) to the 2nd & 3rd fingers, ulnar nerve (C8,T1) to the 4th and 5th fingers

30
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus, posterior aspect of the proximal ulna
Insertion: pisiform, hamate, and base of the fifth metacarpal (palmar surface)
Action: flexion and adduction of the wrist, weak flexion of the elbow
Innervation: ulnar nerve (C8,T1)

31
Q

Pronator Quadratus

A

Origin: distal 1/4 of the anterior side of the ulna
Insertion: distal 1/4 of the anterior side of the radius
Action: pronation of the forearm
Innervation: median nerve (C6,C7)

32
Q

Rectus Abdominus

A 
ORIGIN
Pubic crest and pubic symphysis	
INSERTION
5, 6, 7 costal cartilages, medial inferiorcostal margin and posterior aspect of xiphoid
ACTION
Flexes trunk, aids forced expiration and raise intra-abdominal pressure
NERVE
Anterior primary rami (T7-12)
33
Q

Transverse Abdominus

A

ORIGIN
Costal margin, lumbar fascia, anterior two thirds of iliac crest and lateral half of inguinal ligament
INSERTION
Aponeurosis of posterior and anterior rectus sheath and conjoint tendon to pubic crest and pectineal line
ACTION
Supports abdominal wall, aids forced expiration and raising intra-abdominal pressure. Conjoint tendon supports posterior wall of inguinal canal
NERVE
Anterior primary rami (T7-12). Conjoint tendon ilioinguinal nerve (L1)

Applied Anatomy (1 decks)

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