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Anatomy > Upper Extremities > Flashcards

Upper Extremities Flashcards

1
Q

Bounderies of the apex of the Axilla

A

Clavicle (anteriorly)
1st rib (medially)
Scapula (posteriorly)

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2
Q

Contents of the axilla

A

Axillary Artery
Axillary vein
Brachial plexus

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3
Q

Rotator cuff muscles

A 
Stabilizes the shoulder joint (ant, sup, post)
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
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4
Q

What tendon is most commonly affected in inflammation of the rotator cuff

A

Tendon of the Supraspinatus

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5
Q

Dislocation of the shoulder joint
Nerve affected
Actions affected

A 
Axillary nerve
Abduction (deltoid)
Lateral rotation (teres minor)
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6
Q

Contents of the quadrangular dorsal scapular space

A 
Axillary nerve (circumflex nerve)
Posterior circumflex humeral vessels
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7
Q

Inability to supinate the forearm

Nerve and Muscles involve

A 
Musculocutaneous nerve (Biceps Brachii)
Radial nerve (Supinator)
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8
Q

Muscles of the Arms (action and innervation)

A

Anterior - Flexion (Musculocutaneous nerve)

Posterior - Extension (Radial nerve)

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9
Q

Main flexor of the forearm

A

Brachialis

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10
Q

Main supinator of the forearm

A

Biceps brachii

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11
Q

Main extensor of the forearm

A

Triceps brachii

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12
Q

Muscles of the Forearms

A

Anterior- Flexion (median nerve except for Flexor carpi Ulnaris and Flexor digitorum profundus w/c is supplied by the Ulnar nerve
Posterior- Extension (radial nerve)

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13
Q

Common tendon origin of the Flexor muscles of the forearm

A

Medial Epicondyle

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14
Q

Common tendon origin of the Extensor muscles of the forearm

A

Lateral Epicondyle

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15
Q

Only Posterior forearm muscle that flexes the hands

A

Brachioradialis

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16
Q

Cubital fossa Boudaries

A

Lateral - medial border of the brachioradialis
Medial- pronator teres
Superior- horizontal line between the epicondyles
Floor- brachialis & supinator

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17
Q

Cubital fossa contents

A

Medial -> Lateral

Median nerve, Brachial artery, Biceps brachii tendon, Radial nerve

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18
Q

Thenar muscles & innervation

A

Opponens Pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Median nerve

19
Q

Hypothenar muscles & innervation

A

Opponens digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Ulnar nerve

20
Q

Lumbricals

A

4 muscles
medial 2 - ulnar nerve
lateral 2 - median nerve

21
Q

Interossie

A

Palmar - Adduction (3) (PAD)

Dorsal - Abduction (4) (DAB)

22
Q

Inflammation of the medial epicondyle

A

Golfer’s elbow

Medial epicondilitis

23
Q

Inflammation of the lateral epicondyle

A

Tennis’ elbow

Lateral epicondilitis

24
Q

Fall on the shoulder or during difficult labor

Waiter’s Tip

A

Erb Duchenne’s syndrome
(Upper brachial plexus injury)
C5-C6

25
Q

Excessive abduction of the arm or by stab or bullet wound

Claw Hand

A

Klumpke’s Paralysis
(Lower brachial plexus injury)
C8-T1

26
Q

Inability to Protract the scapula and difficulty in raising their arm above the head
Winging of the vertebral border

A

Long thoracic nerve injury

Serratus Anterior

27
Q

Difficulty in elevating the trunk (as in attempting to climb) & difficulty in using a crutch

A

Thoracodorsal Nerve lesion (C6,C7,C8)

Latissimus dorsi

28
Q

Result in the dislocation of the head of the humerus or by a fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus

A

Axillary nerve lesion

29
Q

Weakness in the ability to Abduct the arm and there may be altered sensation in the skin covering the deltoid (loss of rounded contour of the shoulder)

A

Axillary nerve lesion

30
Q

Weakness in the lateral rotation because of weakness of the teres minor

A

Axillary nerve lesion

31
Q

Weakness in the flexion of the forearm at the elbow and weakness in supination

A

Musculocutaneous nerve lesion

32
Q

Result from a spiral fracture of the midshaft of the humerus

A

Radial nerve lesion

33
Q

Wrist drop- weakness in the ability to extend hand at the wrist and a loss of extension at the MP joints of all digits

A

Radial nerve lesion

34
Q

Pain and Paresthesia in the skin over the first dorsal interosseous muscle between the thumb and index finger

A

Radial nerve lesion

35
Q

Supracondylar fracture of the humerus; Compression between the heads of the pronator teres muscle

A

Median nerve lesion (Proximal)

36
Q

Altered cutaneous sensation- lateral 3 and 1/2 digits and thenar eminence
Weakness in flexion at the wrist; flexion of lateral fingers and flexion of thumb

A

Median nerve lesion (Proximal)

37
Q

Hand of benediction

Ape hand

A

Median nerve lesion (Proximal)

38
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome; Lunate dislocation

A

Median nerve lesion (Distal)

39
Q

Result from a medial epicondyle fracture of the humerus

Altered cutaneous sensation - medial 1 and 1/2 digits and hypothenar eminence

A

Ulnar nerve lesion (proximal)

40
Q

Fracture of hook of hamate

Claw hand

A

Ulnar nerve lesion (distal)

41
Q

Distal radial fracture that resulted from an outstretch hand. Fragments are displaced posteriorly/dorsally

A

Colle’s fracture

Dinner/ Silver fork deformity

42
Q

Distal radial fracture that resulted from a fall in the dorsal aspect of the hand. Fragments are displaced ventrally

A

Smith’s fracture

43
Q

Anatomical snuffbox boundaries and contents

A

Medial: Extensor pollicis longus
Lateral: Extensor pollicis brevis, Abductor pollicis longus
Floor: Scaphoid, Trapezium
Contents: Radial artery, Radial nerve, cephalic vein

44
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the R side of the face, R side of thorax, R upper limb

A

Right lymphatic duct -> R brachiocephalic

The rest drains in the thoracic duct -> L Brachiocephalic

Anatomy (4 decks)

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