Upper Digestive Tract Part II Flashcards
Where are mucous cells most abundantly located?
Neck of the gastric gland
True or False: It is normal to find lymphoid cells in the mucosa of the esophagus, but abnormal to find lymphoid cells in the mucosa of the stomach?
True. Intraepithelial cells are a normal finding of a healthy esophagus; however, lymphoid cells in the mucosa of the stomach indicate pathology.
Note: it is normal to find lymphoid cells in the SUBMUCOSA of the stomach.
How are secretions from mucous cells, located in the neck of the gastric gland different from surface mucous cells?
Mucous cells in the neck secrete a less alkaline fluid.
Where are stem cells or undifferentiated cells most abundantly located? What is their function?
Neck region of gastric glands; divide to replace other cells
Where are parietal cells most abundantly found?
The upper half of the gland, especially in the isthmus
What is the function of parietal cells?
The secret HCl and intrinsic factor
Describe the appearance of parietal cells.
Eosinophilic stain, large, spherical nucleus that is centralized and abundant mitochondria.
These cells look like fried eggs!
What is another name for parietal cells?
Oxyntic cells
Where in the gastric gland are chief cells most abundantly located?
The base of the gland
Describe the histological appearance of a peptic cell.
Basophilic stain (due to basal poles being filled with RER), condensed basally located nucleus
What enzymes and zymogens do peptic cells contain?
Cytoplasmic granules contain pepsinogen; these cells also secrete a small amount of lipase
What is another name for peptic cells?
Chief cells or zymogenic cells
Which neuroendocrine cells secrete ghrelin?
P/D1 cells
Where in the stomach are EC cells mainly located?
In the fundus at the base of the glands
Where in the gastric gland are most neuroendocrine cells (P/D1, EC and ECL cells) located?
At the base of the gland
