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Jared kin 110 > Upper Body Muscles > Flashcards

Upper Body Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Temporalis

A

Attachment:
Temporal Fossa to Coronoid Process of Mandible.

Function:
Elevates and retracts the mandible (closes the jaw).

Nerve Supply:
Mandibular branch of the Trigeminal (V) nerve.

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2
Q

Masseter

A

Attachment:
Zygomatic Arch to Ramus of Mandible (angle of mandible).

Function:
Elevates and closes the jaw.

Nerve Supply:
Mandibular branch of the Trigeminal (V) nerve.

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3
Q

Lateral Pterygoid

A

Attachment:
Sphenoid Bone to Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Joint.

Function:
Protracts the mandible, assists in jaw opening, and aids in side-to-side movements of the jaw.

Nerve Supply: Mandibular branch of the Trigeminal (V) nerve.

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4
Q

Medial Pterygoid

A

Attachment: Maxilla to Lateral Pterygoid Plate (Sphenoid Bone).

Function: Elevates the mandible, assists in jaw closure, and aids in side-to-side movements of the jaw.

Nerve Supply: Mandibular branch of the Trigeminal (V) nerve.

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5
Q

Diaphragm Muscle:

A

Attachment:
Attaches to the xiphoid process of the sternum, lower ribs, and lumbar vertebrae (L1-L3).

Function:
The primary muscle of respiration; is when it contracts, it flattens and increases the volume of the thoracic cavity, causing inhalation. When it relaxes, it returns to its dome shape and causes exhalation.

Nerve Supply:
Phrenic nerves (C3-C5)

Blood Supply;
Phrenic Arteries

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6
Q

External Intercostal Muscles:

A

Attachment:
Located between adjacent ribs.

Function:
Elevate ribcage during inhalation, expanding the thoracic cavity to assist in breathing.

Nerve Supply:
Intercostal nerves

Blood Supply:
Intercostal arteries,

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7
Q

Internal Intercostal Muscles:

A

Attachment:
Also situated between adjacent ribs.

Function:
Aid in the forced expiration by depressing the ribcage, reducing the thoracic cavity’s volume.

Nerve Supply:
Intercostal nerves.

Blood Supply:
Intercostal arteries, which originate from the thoracic aorta.

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8
Q

Innermost Intercostal Muscles:

A

Attachment:
deep within the intercostal spaces, between adjacent ribs.

Function:
Aid in the forced expiration by depressing the ribcage, reducing the thoracic cavity’s volume,

Nerve Supply:
Intercostal nerves

Blood Supply:
Intercostal arteries

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9
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior:

A

Attachment:
Attaches to the lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae to the upper ribs (2nd to 5th).

Function:
Elevates the upper ribs, assisting in inhalation.

Nerve Supply:
Intercostal nerves (upper five intercostal nerves)

Blood Supply:
Supplied by the posterior intercostal arteries.

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10
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior:

A

Attachment:
Originates from the lower thoracic and upper lumbar vertebrae to the lower ribs (8th to 12th).

Function:
Depresses the lower ribs, aiding in forced exhalation.

Nerve Supply:
Intercostal nerves (lower five intercostal nerves).

Blood Supply:
posterior intercostal arteries.

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11
Q

Rectus Abdominis

A

Attachment: (dktk)
Originates from the pubic symphysis and inserts into the costal cartilages of the 5th to 7th ribs and the xiphoid process.

Function:
Flexes the vertebral column and compresses the abdominal contents.

Nerve Supply:
Lower six intercostal nerves (T7-T11) and subcostal nerves (T12).

Blood Supply:
Subclavian Artery -> Internal Thoracic artery
Supplied by the superior epigastric artery, inferior epigastric artery, and the musculophrenic artery

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12
Q

Internal Obliques
Layer 2

A

Attachment: (dntk)
Originates from the iliac crest, and inguinal ligament, inserting into the lower three ribs,

Function:
Contributes to trunk flexion, rotation, and lateral flexion while also compressing the abdominal contents.

Nerve Supply:
Lower six intercostal nerves (T7-T11) and the subcostal nerve (T12).

Blood Supply:
Originate at Thoracic Aorta
Supplied by the superior epigastric artery, inferior epigastric artery, and the musculophrenic artery

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13
Q

External Obliques
Layer 1

A

Attachment:
Originates from the lower eight ribs, inserting into the iliac crest, inguinal ligament, and linea alba.

Function:
Primarily responsible for trunk flexion, rotation, and lateral flexion while also assisting in compressing the abdominal contents.

Nerve Supply:
Lower six intercostal nerves (T7-T11) and the subcostal nerve (T12).

Blood Supply:
Originates at Thoracic Aorta
Supplied by the superior epigastric artery, inferior epigastric artery, and the musculophrenic artery

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14
Q

Pyramidalis

A

Attachment:
Attaches to the pubic symphysis and the linea alba.

Function:
Assists in tensioning the linea alba and flexing the anterior abdominal wall.

Nerve Supply:
The lower six intercostal nerves (T7-T11) and the subcostal nerve (T12)

Blood Supply:
Iliac Artery
Supplied by branches of the lower epigastric arteries and other vessels in the abdominal region.

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15
Q

Transversus Abdominis
Layer 3

A

Attachment:
Originates from the lower six ribs, iliac crest, and inguinal ligament, and inserts into the linea alba and the pubic crest.

Function:
Acts as the innermost layer of the abdominal muscles, providing stability to the abdominal wall and assisting in compression of the abdominal contents.

Nerve Supply:
Lower six intercostal nerves (T7-T11) and the subcostal nerve (T12)

Blood Supply:
Thoracic and Iliac Artery

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16
Q

Splenius Capitis:

A

Attachment:
Originates from the nuchal ligament and spinous processes of the vertebrae C7-T6, inserting into the mastoid process of the temporal bone and the occipital bone.

Function:
Extends, rotates, and laterally flexes the head and neck.

Nerve Supply:
posterior rami of the cervical spinal nerves.

Blood Supply:
occipital artery and the vertebral artery.

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17
Q

Splenius Cervicis:

A

Attachment:
Originates from the spinous processes of T3-T6 or T3-T7 and inserts into the transverse processes of C1-C3 or C4.

Function:
Extends, rotates, and laterally flexes the cervical spine.

Nerve Supply:
posterior rami of the cervical spinal nerves.

Blood Supply:
vertebral artery and deep cervical artery.

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18
Q

Longissimus Thoracis:

A

Attachment:
Originates from the transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae and inserts into the transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae.

Function:
Extends and laterally flexes the spine and supports posture.

Nerve Supply:
posterior rami of the spinal nerves.

Blood Supply:
posterior intercostal arteries and lumbar arteries.

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19
Q

Iliocostalis Thoracis:

A

Attachment:
Originates from the iliac crest and inserts into the ribs.

Function:
Extends and laterally flexes the spine and helps with posture.

Nerve Supply:
posterior rami of the spinal nerves.

Blood Supply:
posterior intercostal arteries and lumbar arteries.

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20
Q

Spinalis Thoracis:

A

Attachment:
Originates from the spinous processes of the lower thoracic and upper lumbar vertebrae, and inserts into the spinous processes of the upper thoracic vertebrae.

Function:
Extends the thoracic spine and supports posture.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by posterior rami of spinal nerves.

Blood Supply:
posterior intercostal arteries and lumbar arteries.

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21
Q

Semispinalis Capitis
and
Semispinalis Thoracis

A

Attachment:
Originates from the transverse processes of the thoracic and cervical vertebrae and inserts into the spinous processes of upper thoracic and cervical vertebrae.

Function:
Extends and rotates the spine and supports posture.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by posterior rami of spinal nerves.

Blood Supply:
posterior intercostal arteries and lumbar arteries.

22
Q

Multifidus

A

Attachment:
Originates from the sacrum, posterior superior iliac spine, and the transverse processes of lumbar and thoracic vertebrae, inserting into the spinous processes of the vertebrae.

Function:
Stabilizes and extends the spine, supporting posture and fine movements of the vertebral column.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by posterior rami of spinal nerves.

Blood Supply:
posterior intercostal arteries and lumbar arteries.

23
Q

Rotatores

A

Attachment:
Originates from the transverse processes of the vertebrae and inserts into the spinous processes of the vertebrae above.

Function:
Assist in rotation and lateral flexion of spine.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by posterior rami of spinal nerves.

Blood Supply:
posterior intercostal arteries and lumbar arteries.

24
Q

Obliquus Capitis Superior:

NEED TO KNOW SPECIFIC ATTACHMENT

A

Attachment:
Originates from the transverse process of the atlas (C1) and inserts into the occipital bone.

Function:
Primarily responsible for lateral flexion and rotation of the head and neck.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by the suboccipital nerve (C1)

Blood Supply:
vertebral artery and occipital artery.

25
Q

Obliquus Capitis Inferior:

NEED TO KNOW SPECIFIC ATTACHMENT

A

Attachment:
Originates from the spinous process of the axis (C2) and inserts into the transverse process of the atlas (C1).

Function:
Primarily responsible for the rotation of the head and neck.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by the suboccipital nerve (C1),

Blood Supply:
vertebral artery and occipital artery.

26
Q

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor:

NEED TO KNOW SPECIFIC ATTACHMENT

A

Attachment:
Originates from the posterior tubercle of the atlas (C1) and inserts into the inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone.

Function:
head extension and minor lateral flexion.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by the suboccipital nerve (C1)

Blood Supply:
vertebral artery and occipital artery

27
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

lateral flexion and rotation, extension

sternum mastoid processes and clavicle

28
Q

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major:

NEED TO KNOW SPECIFIC ATTACHMENT

A

Attachment:
Originates from the spinous process of the axis (C2) and inserts into the inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone.

Function:
Primarily responsible for head extension.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by the suboccipital nerve (C1)

Blood Supply:
vertebral artery and occipital artery.

29
Q

Pectoralis Major:

A

Attachment:
Originates from the clavicle, sternum, and upper six costal cartilages, inserting into the greater tubercle of the humerus.

Function:
including arm flexion, adduction, and medial rotation.

Nerve Supply:
medial and lateral pectoral nerves.

Blood Supply:
axillary artery and thoracoacromial artery

30
Q

Pectoralis Minor:

A

Attachment:
Originates from the anterior surfaces of the third, fourth, and fifth ribs, and inserts into the coracoid process of the scapula.

Function:
Stabilizes the scapula, scapular protraction and depression.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by the medial pectoral nerve.

Blood Supply:
axillary artery and thoracoacromial artery.

31
Q

Subclavius Muscle:

A

Attachment:
Originates from the first rib and its cartilage, and inserts into the inferior surface of the clavicle.

Function:
stabilizes and depresses the clavicle

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by the subclavian nerve.

Blood Supply:
Axillary artery & thoracoacromial artery.

32
Q

Clavicular Head of Deltoid:
(Anterior/Frontal)

A

Attachment:
Originates from the lateral third of the clavicle.

Function:
Assists in arm flexion and medial rotation.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by the axillary nerve (C5-C6).

Blood Supply:
Axillary artery

33
Q

Acromial Head of Deltoid:
(Medial)

A

Attachment:
Originates from the acromion process of the scapula.

Function:
Primarily responsible for arm abduction.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by the axillary nerve (C5-C6).

Blood Supply:
axillary artery

34
Q

Spinal Head of Deltoid:
(Posterior/Rear)

A

Attachment:
Originates from the spine of the scapula.

Function:
Assists in arm extension and lateral rotation.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by the axillary nerve (C5-C6).

Blood Supply:
Receives blood from branches of the anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries.

35
Q

Serratus Anterior:

A

Attachment:
Originates from the lateral surface of the first to ninth ribs and inserts into the anterior surface of the medial border of the scapula.

Function:
The serratus anterior muscle is responsible for scapular protraction, upward rotation, and assists in maintaining scapular stability, allowing for smooth arm movements.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by the long thoracic nerve (C5-C7).

Blood Supply:
lateral thoracic artery.

36
Q

Levator Scapulae:

A

Attachment:
Originates from the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae (C1-C4) and inserts into the medial border of the scapula.

Function: Elevates and retracts the scapula.

Nerve Supply: Innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve (C3-C4) and the third and fourth cervical nerves (C3-C4).

Blood Supply:
dorsal scapular artery and ascending cervical artery.

37
Q

Rhomboid Major:

A

Attachment:
Originates from the spinous processes of the thoracic vertebrae (T2-T5) and inserts into the medial border of the scapula.

Function:
Retracts and stabilizes the scapula.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve (C5).

Blood Supply:
dorsal scapular artery.

38
Q

Rhomboid Minor:

A

Attachment:
Originates from the spinous processes of the upper thoracic vertebrae (C7-T1) and inserts into the medial border of the scapula.

Function:
Retracts and stabilizes the scapula.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve (C5).

Blood Supply:
dorsal scapular artery.

39
Q

Trapezius:
has a superior, middle and inferior part

A

Attachment:
Originates from the nuchal ligament, spinous processes of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae (C7-T12), and the scapular spine, inserting into the clavicle and acromion process of the scapula.

Function:
The trapezius muscle is responsible for various movements of the scapula and supports head and neck movement.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by the accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI) and branches of the cervical spinal nerves (C3-C4).

Blood Supply:
transverse cervical artery and superficial cervical artery.

40
Q

Latissimus Dorsi:

A

Attachment:
Originates from the spinous processes of the lower thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, iliac crest, and lower three or four ribs, and inserts into the humerus (intertubercular groove).

Function:
The latissimus dorsi muscle primarily facilitates arm extension, adduction, and medial rotation.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8).

Blood Supply:
thoracodorsal artery.

41
Q

Teres Major:

A

Attachment:
Originates from the inferior angle of the scapula and inserts into the humerus (intertubercular groove).

Function:
Assists in arm adduction and medial rotation.

Nerve Supply:
lower subscapular nerve (C5-C7).

Blood Supply:
subscapular artery

42
Q

Teres Minor:

A

Attachment:
Originates from the lateral border of the scapula and inserts into the greater tubercle of the humerus.
Function:
lateral rotation of the arm.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by the axillary nerve (C5-C6).

Blood Supply:
circumflex scapular artery

43
Q

Supraspinatus:

A

Attachment:
Originates from the supraspinous fossa of the scapula and inserts into the greater tubercle of the humerus.

Function:
The supraspinatus muscle is responsible for initiating and assisting in arm abduction, specifically during the first 15 degrees of this movement.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by suprascapular nerve (C5-C6).

Blood Supply:
suprascapular artery and the anterior humeral circumflex artery.

44
Q

Subscapularis

A

Attachment:
Originates from the subscapular fossa of the scapula and inserts into the lesser tubercle of the humerus.

Function:
The subscapularis muscle is the most powerful medial rotator of the arm and contributes to shoulder joint stability.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by the upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5-C6).

Blood Supply:
Receives blood from branches of the subscapular artery.

45
Q

Infraspinatus

A

Attachment:
Originates from the infraspinous fossa of the scapula and inserts into the greater tubercle of the humerus.

Function:
The infraspinatus muscle is primarily responsible for lateral (external) rotation of the arm, contributing to shoulder joint stability.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by suprascapular nerve (C5-C6).

Blood Supply:
suprascapular artery and the posterior humeral circumflex artery.

46
Q

Biceps Brachii:

A

Attachment:
Originates from the scapula (long head) and the coracoid process of the scapula (short head) and inserts into the radial tuberosity and the forearm fascia.

Function:
elbow flexion, forearm supination, and assists in shoulder flexion.

Nerve Supply:
musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6).

Blood Supply:
Supplied by branches of the brachial artery.

47
Q

Brachialis:

A

Attachment:
Originates from the distal half of the anterior surface of the humerus and inserts into the ulnar tuberosity.

Function:
primary flexor of the elbow joint.

Nerve Supply:
musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6) and the radial nerve.

Blood Supply:
brachial artery.

48
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

Attachment:
Originates from the coracoid process of the scapula and inserts into the medial surface of the humerus.

Function:
assists in arm flexion and adduction.

Nerve Supply:
musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7).

Blood Supply:
brachial artery

49
Q

Triceps Brachii:

A

Attachment:
Originates from the scapula (long head), humerus (lateral head), and humerus (medial head) and inserts into the olecranon process of the ulna.

Function:
extending the elbow joint and forearm.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by the radial nerve (C6-C8).

Blood Supply:
deep brachial artery.

50
Q

Anconeus

A

Attachment:
Originates from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and inserts into the olecranon process of the ulna.

Function:
The anconeus muscle assists in elbow extension and provides stability to the elbow joint.

Nerve Supply:
Innervated by the radial nerve (C7-C8).

Blood Supply:
profunda brachii artery and posterior ulnar recurrent artery.

Jared kin 110 (8 decks)

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