UPPER AIRWAY TRACT AND CHEST Flashcards
How is the nasal cavity separated from the oral cavity?
The hard palate
What is the histology of the nasal cavity?
Pseudostratified ciliates columnar epithelium with goblet cells
There is also olfactory mucosa
Where does the nasolacrimal duct drain into
The inferior nasal meatus
Where does the ethmoidal sinus drain into?
The superior and middle meatus
Where does the sphenoidal sinus drain into?
The sphenoethmoidal recess
Where does the maxillary sinus drain into?
The middle meatus
Where does the frontal sinus drain into?
The middle meatus
What’s the function of the sinuses?
The lighten the skull, increase resonance of voice and produce mucus to protect the nasal cavity
What is sinusitis?
Inflammation of the sinuses
Outline the nasolacrimal duct?
Lacrimal gland secretes tears which drain into the lacrimal sac. Then they drain down the nasolacrimal duct and enter the inferior meatus
What are the 4 main arteries in the nose?
Ethmoid all, sphenopalatine, greater palatine and superior labia
What is littles area?
The anastomoses of anterior ethmoidal artery, posterior ethmoidal artery, sphenopalatine artery, greater palatine artery, and the septal branch of the superior labial artery.
Where does the nasopharynx begin and end? The
At the base of the skull to the soft palate
Which tonsils are found within the nasopharynx?
The pharyngeal tonsils and the tubal tonsils
Where is the Eustachian tube found? What is its function?
In the nasopharynx
It connects the inner ear to the nose so can equalise pressure
Where does the oral cavity begin and end?
It starts at the soft palate and ends in the epiglottis
Where does the laryngopharynx start and end?
It starts at the epiglottis and ends at the cricoid cartilage
What are the functions of the larynx?
Phonation, cough reflex and protecting the lower respiratory tract
What are the unpaired cartilages in the larynx?
Epiglottis, thyroid and cricoid
What are the paired cartilages in the larynx?
Cuneiform, corniculate and arytenoids
What are arytenoids?
Vocal folds
What’s the function of the false vocal folds?
Stopping debris entering the trachea
What’s the function of vocal folds?
The change phonation
What’s the epithelium in the nasopharynx?
Ciliates columnar epithelium
What’s the epithelium in the oropharynx?
Stratified squamous epithelium
What epithelium is in the laryngopharynx?
Non-keratinising stratified squamous epithelium
