Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SAM Sx > Upper Airway Dz > Flashcards

Upper Airway Dz Flashcards

1
Q

When dealing with surgery on the nose what is the use of silicon tubes places in the nares:

A
    • Realign the tissue

- - prevents nasal stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Surgical procedure referring to removal of the nose

A

Nasal planum resection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Most common neoplasia corrected by a nasal planum resection:

A

_ SCC

Most common neoplasia that is corrected by nasal planum resection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Is the most common nasal planum resection complete or unilateral?

A

Complete – most common nasal planum resection

– usually the unilateral SCC will be corrected by a complete nasal planum resection because cosmetically & long term will provide better results

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is helpful for planning a nasal planum resection:

A

CT

– local recurrence due to incomplete excision is one of the most complications, especially dogs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Type of suture pattern used for nasal planum resection in cats.

A

Purse string suture works well in cats to decrease size of wound and then the remaining defect is allowed to heal by second intension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

T/F: Purse string sutures are used for nasal planum resection to decrease size of wound

A

FALSE–

Purse string sutures in dogs cause higher risk for nasal stenosis in dogs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What tool can you use to tell if a nasal planum resection is successful

A

Deep Biopsy to assess margins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T/F: In Nasal Planum resection, purse strings are used in the dog while reconstructive flaps are used in cats.

A

FALSE

    • Dogs: Reconstructive flaps
  • -Cats: Purse string sutures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

2 common complications of a nasal planum resection:

A
  1. Dehiscence – Tension on flaps
  2. Stenosis – appears to be more common in dogs & techniques that result in good nasal mucosa (skin apposition preferred)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the key to preventing stenosis in a nasal planum resection:

A

–Direct opposition: Oppose the SKIN & NASAL MUCOSA as much as possible around the defect.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When the suture is under too much tension what is a common complications

A

Dehiscence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Stenosis may require reconstruction with flaps from the _____ _____ to minimize recurrence

A

Mucocutaneous junction of the lip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Treatment of a Fibrosarcoma

A

Nasal planectomy & Maxillectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What tool is used in a Nasal planectomy & maxillectomy

A

Oscillating saw

– electrosurgery to achieve hemostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What suture pattern is used with a nasal planectomy /maxillectomy in order to achieve skin to nasal mucosa

A

Modified figure 8 pattern

– wraps around the edge of the skin. This reduces the risk of post op stenosis problems.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Name the openings from the caudal part of the nasopharynx

A

Choanal – bony structures covered by mucosa with no room for swelling if something were to occur, resulting in choanal atresia/stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What type of infection can get into the nasal cavity causing big white masses that grow into the nasal cavity.

A

Rhinosporodiosis

– surgical incision is almost impossible to eradicate the disease.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Most common neoplasia of the nasal cavity:

A

Adenocarcinoma – treated by radiation therapy

other neoplasia of the nasal cavity: Adenocarcinoma, SCC, Lymphoma, mast cell tumors, polyps.

20
Q

3 most common problems in the nasal cavity:

A
    • Nasopharyngeal stenosis: common in brachycephalics; problem with he choani of the nasal turbinates creating an obstructive lesion. Creates problems moving air in through the nasal passages.
    • Trauma
    • Neoplasia: Adenocarcinoma, SCC, lymphoma, Mast cell tumors, polyps
21
Q

Inflammatory masses that normally originate from the top of the Eustachian tube close to the middle ear.

A

Nasal pharyngeal polyps

22
Q

In diagnosing nasal disease, what is the FIRST diagnostic with nasal disease.

A

Imaging –** Computed Tomography**

– Imaging is done first to avoid creating an artifact from bleeding.

23
Q

In diagnosing nasal disease, what is important about the order of the diagnostics

A

Imaging FIRST

Rhinoscopy & Naspharyngoscopy SECOND

24
Q

What instrument must be measured & marked to insure you do not go to the olfactory part of the brain ( if there is tumor erosion of the cribiform plate).

A

Rhinoscopy & Nasopharyngoscopy

25
Q

T/F: Bacterial culture is helpful in diagnosing nasal disease

A

FALSE – normal bacteria in the nose.

  • Bacterial culture unlikely to be helpful in diagnosing nasal disease.
    • PCR for Bartonella and mycoplasma sp.
26
Q

If you suspect bartonella or mycoplasma sp causing nasal disease, what would be the best diagnostic tool:

A

PCR – for bartonella & Mycoplama sp.

27
Q

If you suspect nasal disease in the sinuses what surgical approach would you use with a rhinotomy.

A

Dorsal Rhinotomy: access to nasal cavity and SINUSES

28
Q

If you suspect nasal disease in the choanae, what would be the best surgical approach with a rhinotomy:

A

Ventral Rhinotomy: access to ventral nasal cavity & choanae

29
Q

Out of a dorsal & ventral rhinotomy, which is most commonly used:

A

Dorsal Rhinotomy

30
Q

Name some of the complications for nasal surgery

A

Nasal Sx complications:

    • Hemorrhage
    • flap necrosis
  • -oronasal fistula
  • -dehiscence
    • stenosis of airway
  • -incomplete resection/local recurrence (for neoplasia)
31
Q

When all the contents of the nasal cavity is removed, it is disrupting of the normal clearing mechanism resulting in what long term complication

A

Chronic nasal discharge

– drainage usually moves cranial to caudal but with removal of the cilia sometimes it doesn’t drain correctly resulting in chronic nasal discharge.

– This commonly occurs with stenosis of airways from partial removal of turbinates.

32
Q

What is commonly associated with stenosis of the airways after a partial removal of the turbinates

A

Chronic nasal discharge

***Pope went back to this concept.

33
Q

T/F: Brachycephalic breeds occur in both cats & dogs

A

True:

34
Q

Most common cat breeds associated with brachycephalic syndrome:

A
  1. Persians

2. Himalayans

35
Q

In brachycephalic breeds, why does the nose stop growing?

A

Early fusion of growth plates

“Local Chrondrodysplasia”

36
Q

What is the cause of a shortened & broadened skull in brachycephalic breeds:

A

Local Chrondrodysplasia resulting in early ankyloses of the basioccipital & basisphenoid bones.

37
Q

What two bones are involved in early ankylosis for brachycephalic breeds:

A

Basioccipital

Basisphenoid

38
Q

Name 2 primary components of brachycephalic airway syndrome that can be corrected at birth:

A
  1. Elongated soft palate
  2. Stenotic Nares
  • hypoplastic trachea can not be corrected
39
Q

It is important to correct primary components of brachycephalic syndrome for what reason

A

Primary components can lead to secondary components effecting the laryngeal & pharyngeal structures (edema, swelling, tonsil enlargement).

40
Q

Name some secondary/acquired components involved in BAS:

A
  1. Everted laryngeal saccules/ stage 1 laryngeal collapse
  2. pharyngeal/ laryngeal mucosal edema
  3. tonsillar eversion
  4. macroglossia
  5. stage II/III largngeal collapse
  6. Tracheal collapse
41
Q

List the steps of pathophysiology of upper airway obstructive disease

A
  1. Higher negative pressure to overcome obstruction
  2. Secondary soft tissue changes (edema, hyperplasia, collapse)
  3. Decreased air flow with increased obstruction
42
Q

Most common component of BAS

A

Elongated soft palate

43
Q

Term referring to mainly inspiratory dyspnea in BAS:

A

STERTOR!!!!

44
Q

Term referring to extension into rima glottides ( Severe obstruction & loss of protective laryngeal function)

A

Elongated Soft palate

45
Q

Term referring to dyspnea with airway obstruction at the larynx where the animal has a harder time getting air in. Seen in laryngeal paralysis.

A

STRIDOR

    • stridor = below larynx (trachea)
  • -stertor = above larynx
46
Q

T/F: Endoscopy is a useful tool for elongated soft palate to look in the nasal pharynx.

A

TRUE

47
Q

Air passage through nasal cavities accounts for ___% of airway resistance

A

76.5% of airway resistance

– Abnormal anatomy causes external & internal resistance (Static/ dynamic abnormalities) = inability to dilate the nostrils

SAM Sx (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions