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Oracle c > Upgrade and migration > Flashcards

Upgrade and migration Flashcards

1
Q

Which file does the Database Upgrade Assistant (DBUA) obtain its list of databases from?
tnsnames.ora
glogin.sql
host_name.olr
sqlnet.ora

A

host_name.olr

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2
Q

tnsnames.ora

A

-tnsnames.ora is a configuration file in Oracle that contains network service names and their corresponding connection details.
-It is used by the Oracle client software to connect to an Oracle database.
-The file holds information such as the location of the database (hostname and port number), and the service name of the database.
-The tnsnames.ora file is typically located in the Oracle client software’s network/admin directory.
-It plays important role in connecting Oracle client software to the database.

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3
Q

what is glogin.sql

A
  • glogin.sql is a file in Oracle that contains SQL commands that are executed whenever a user logs into the database.
    -It allows to set up user-specific environment settings such as default date format, default number format, and default editor.
    -It can also be used to define commonly used PL/SQL procedures, functions and variables.
    -It is executed after login.sql and before login.sql
    -It allows to customize the SQL*Plus environment for individual users
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4
Q

What is glogin.sql located

A

The file is located in the Oracle client software’s home directory, typically $ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admi

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5
Q

What is host_name.olr

A

host_name.olr is a file in Oracle that contains information about the performance of the Oracle database on a specific host

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6
Q

How is the host_name.orl created

A

The file is generated by Oracle’s Automatic Workload Repository (AWR) feature, which periodically collects and stores performance statistics in the database’s Automatic Workload Repository (AWR) tables.

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7
Q

What does the host_name.orl contani

A

It contains information such as statistics on database activity, resource usage, and performance metrics like wait events and SQL execution statistics

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8
Q

Where is the host_name.orl stored by defult

A

The file is stored in the $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/log directory by default, but the location can be configured to be stored in a different location.

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9
Q

What is the host_name.orld used for

A

The file is used to diagnose performance issues and to identify the cause of performance problems
-It helps to troubleshoot performance issues and improve overall performance of the database.

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10
Q

How do you view the content of the host_name.orld

A

The content of the file can be viewed using the awrrpt.sql script which is located in $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin.

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11
Q

Q: What is the sqlnet.ora file in Oracle?

A

A: The sqlnet.ora file is a configuration file in Oracle that contains settings for the SQL*Net networking protocol.

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12
Q

Q: What kind of information is contained in the sqlnet.ora file?

A

A: The sqlnet.ora file contains settings such as the location of the listener, the location of the directory service, and the protocols and services to be used for communication

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13
Q

Q: Where is the sqlnet.ora file typically located?

A

A: The sqlnet.ora file is typically located in the Oracle client software’s network/admin directory.

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14
Q

Q: What is the purpose of the sqlnet.ora file?

A

A: The purpose of the sqlnet.ora file is to configure the network communication parameters for the Oracle database, including the listener, the directory service, and the protocols and services used for communication.

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15
Q

Q: How does the sqlnet.ora file help in the communication between the client and the server?

A

A: The sqlnet.ora file contains the information that the client uses to communicate with the server, such as the location of the listener, the location of the directory service, and the protocols and services to be used for communication. These settings help the client and server to communicate with each other and establish a connection.

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16
Q

Which action updates a database from an earlier version to a newer version while the database remains online?

A

Using Oracle Golden Gate

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17
Q

Q: What is Oracle GoldenGate?

A

A: Oracle GoldenGate is a software product from Oracle that provides real-time data replication, data integration, and data migration capabilities.

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18
Q

Q: How does GoldenGate work?

A

A: GoldenGate captures changes made to a database and replicates them to another database, in real-time, using a set of pre-built or custom extract, transfer, and load (ETL) processes.

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19
Q

Q: What kind of use cases is Oracle GoldenGate typically used for?

A

A: GoldenGate can be used for a variety of use cases such as real-time data replication between databases, data integration, and data migration.

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20
Q

Q: How does GoldenGate differ from other data replication solutions?

A

A: GoldenGate is a real-time data replication solution that can replicate data at the transaction level, whereas other solutions may only replicate data at certain intervals, such as every hour or every day. Additionally, GoldenGate can replicate data across different platforms and different database versions, and can handle complex data structures and high-volume data.

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21
Q

Q: How does GoldenGate help in disaster recovery and high availability?

A

A: GoldenGate’s real-time data replication capabilities allow for the creation of a real-time disaster recovery solution. By replicating data to a secondary site, the secondary site can be used as a failover in the event of a disaster at the primary site. This allows for minimal data loss and minimal downtime.

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22
Q

Q: What is Oracle Universal Installer (OUI)?

A

A: Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) is a graphical user interface (GUI) based tool that is used to install Oracle software, such as the Oracle database, on a server.

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23
Q

Q: How does OUI work?

A

A: OUI guides the user through the installation process by providing prompts for information such as the location of the software, the type of installation, and the configuration options. Once the installation is complete, OUI creates a log file that contains information about the installation.

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24
Q

Q: What are the main features of OUI?

A

A: OUI provides a user-friendly interface that simplifies the installation process. It also provides the ability to install multiple products and options at the same time, and the ability to install and configure the software in silent mode. Additionally, it allows for easy management of multiple Oracle homes, and provide a rollback feature if something goes wrong during the installation process.

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25
Q

Q: What are the advantages of using OUI?

A

OUI is easy to use and provides a consistent installation process across different platforms. It also allows for the installation of multiple products and options at the same time, and provides the ability to install and configure the software in silent mode. Additionally, it allows for easy management of multiple Oracle homes, and provides a rollback feature if something goes wrong during the installation process.

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26
Q

Q: How OUI differ from other Oracle installer ?

A

A: OUI is a graphical user interface (GUI) based tool that is used to install Oracle software, whereas other Oracle installers may be command-line based. Additionally, OUI provides a consistent installation process across different platforms and allows for the installation of multiple products and options at the same time. OUI also provide the ability to install and configure the software in silent mode, and allows for easy management of multiple Oracle homes.

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27
Q

Q: What is a manual upgrade in Oracle?

A

A: A manual upgrade in Oracle refers to the process of upgrading the database manually, step-by-step, by following the instructions in the Oracle upgrade documentation. This process typically involves shutting down the database, running the upgrade scripts, and then starting the database back up again.

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28
Q

Q: What is a parallel upgrade in Oracle?

A

A: A parallel upgrade in Oracle refers to the process of upgrading the database while it is still running. This is achieved by creating a new Oracle home and upgrading the software in the new home while the old home is still in use. Once the upgrade is complete, the database is switched over to the new home

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29
Q

Q: What are the main differences between manual and parallel upgrades in Oracle?

A

A: The main difference between manual and parallel upgrades is the amount of downtime required. A manual upgrade typically requires the database to be shut down and will result in more downtime than a parallel upgrade. A parallel upgrade allows the database to continue running during the upgrade process and results in less downtime.

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30
Q

Q: What are the advantages of a parallel upgrade over a manual upgrade in Oracle?

A

A: The main advantage of a parallel upgrade is that it reduces the amount of downtime required for the upgrade. Additionally, parallel upgrades allow for testing the upgraded software before switching over to it, which can help to identify any potential issues before they occur.

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31
Q

Q: When should you use manual upgrade over parallel upgrade and vice versa?

A

A: A manual upgrade is appropriate when the database is not critical and you can afford downtime. Parallel upgrades are suitable for mission-critical databases where downtime is not acceptable. Additionally, when the database version is too old, parallel upgrade may not be supported and manual upgrade is the only option available.

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32
Q

Which data pump parameter can an administrator use to perform a metadata-only export?

A

CONTENT

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33
Q

Q: What is Oracle Data Pump?

A

A: Oracle Data Pump is a command-line tool for exporting and importing data in the Oracle database. It is used to transfer large amounts of data between databases, schemas, and tables.

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34
Q

Q: How does Oracle Data Pump work?

A

A: Oracle Data Pump uses a set of SQL commands and a command-line utility called “expdp” and “impdp” to export and import data, respectively. It exports data from the source database into a binary file called a dump file, which can then be imported into the target database. The dump file contains the data, as well as all necessary information to recreate the objects and their dependencies in the target database.

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35
Q

Q: What are the main features of Oracle Data Pump?

A

A: Oracle Data Pump allows for exporting and importing data at the table, schema, or database level. It also provides the ability to export and import specific data using filters and provides the ability to compress the dump file. Additionally, it allows for the export and import of metadata and data across different platforms, and provides the ability to perform parallel exports and imports

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36
Q

Q: What are the advantages of using Oracle Data Pump?

A

A: Oracle Data Pump provides a fast and efficient way to transfer large amounts of data between databases. It also allows for the export and import of specific data using filters, and provides the ability to compress the dump file. Additionally, it allows for the export and import of metadata and data across different platforms, and provides the ability to perform parallel exports and imports.

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37
Q

Q: How does Oracle Data Pump differ from other data transfer methods?

A

A: Oracle Data Pump is specifically designed for use with the Oracle database, whereas other data transfer methods may not be. Additionally, Oracle Data Pump provides the ability to export and import specific data using filters and provides the ability to compress the dump file. It also allows for the export and import of metadata and data across different platforms and provides the ability to perform parallel exports and imports.

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38
Q

Q: What is Oracle Data Pump?

A

A: Oracle Data Pump is a feature in Oracle Database that allows you to move data and metadata from one database to another.

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39
Q

Q: What is the CONTENT parameter used for in Oracle Data Pump?

A

A: The CONTENT parameter is used to specify the type of data that should be exported or imported.

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40
Q

Q: What are the options for the CONTENT parameter?

A

A: The options for the CONTENT parameter include: ALL, DATA_ONLY, and METADATA_ONLY

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41
Q

Q: What does the ALL option for the CONTENT parameter do?

A

A: The ALL option exports all database data and metadata.

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42
Q

Q: What does the DATA_ONLY option for the CONTENT parameter do?

A

A: The DATA_ONLY option exports only data, not metadata.

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43
Q

Q: What does the METADATA_ONLY option for the CONTENT parameter do?

A

A: The METADATA_ONLY option exports only metadata, not data.

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44
Q

Q: If I want to move all data and metadata from one database to another, which CONTENT option should I use?

A

A: If you want to move all data and metadata, you should use the ALL option for the CONTENT parameter.

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45
Q

Q: What is the purpose of the SCHEMAS parameter in Oracle Data Pump?

A

A: The SCHEMAS parameter is used to specify which schemas should be exported or imported.

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46
Q

Q: How can I specify which schemas to export or import using the SCHEMAS parameter?

A

A: You can specify one or more schemas to export or import by listing them in the SCHEMAS parameter, separated by commas.

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47
Q

Q: Can I use wildcard characters in the SCHEMAS parameter?

A

A: Yes, you can use wildcard characters in the SCHEMAS parameter to specify a group of schemas to export or import.

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48
Q

Q: What happens if I don’t specify any schemas in the SCHEMAS parameter?

A

A: If you don’t specify any schemas in the SCHEMAS parameter, Data Pump will export or import all schemas in the database.

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49
Q

Q: Can I export or import a single table from a schema using the SCHEMAS parameter?

A

A: No, the SCHEMAS parameter only allows you to specify entire schemas to export or import. If you want to export or import a single table, you can use the TABLES parameter instead.

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50
Q

Q: Is it possible to exclude certain schemas while exporting or importing data?

A

A: Yes, it is possible to exclude certain schemas while exporting or importing data, you can use the EXCLUDE parameter and specify the schemas that you want to exclude.

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51
Q

Q: What is the purpose of the INCLUDE parameter in Oracle Data Pump?

A

A: The INCLUDE parameter is used to specify which specific objects you want to include in the export or import operation.

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52
Q

Q: What types of objects can be specified with the INCLUDE parameter?

A

A: The INCLUDE parameter can be used to include specific tables, views, procedures, functions, packages, triggers, and other database objects.

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53
Q

Q: How can I specify which objects to include using the INCLUDE parameter?

A

A: You can specify one or more objects to include by listing them in the INCLUDE parameter, separated by commas.

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54
Q

Q: What happens if I don’t specify any objects in the INCLUDE parameter?

A

A: If you don’t specify any objects in the INCLUDE parameter, all objects in the specified schemas will be exported or imported.

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55
Q

Q: Can I use wildcard characters in the INCLUDE parameter?

A

A: Yes, you can use wildcard characters in the INCLUDE parameter to specify a group of similar objects to includ

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56
Q

Q: Can I use the INCLUDE parameter together with the SCHEMAS parameter?

A

A: Yes, you can use the INCLUDE parameter together with the SCHEMAS parameter to specify both which schemas to include and which objects within those schemas to include.

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57
Q

Q: Can I use the INCLUDE parameter together with the EXCLUDE parameter?

A

A: Yes, you can use the INCLUDE parameter together with the EXCLUDE parameter to specify both which objects to include and which objects to exclude.

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58
Q

Q: What is the purpose of the ATTACH parameter in Oracle Data Pump?

A

A: The ATTACH parameter is used to specify whether the import should be attached to a running Data Pump job or not.

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59
Q

Q: What are the options for the ATTACH parameter?

A

A: The options for the ATTACH parameter are YES and NO.

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60
Q

Q: What happens when I set the ATTACH parameter to YES?

A

A: If you set the ATTACH parameter to YES, the import process will be attached to a running Data Pump export job. This means that the import will use the metadata and data files created by the export job.

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61
Q

Q: What happens when I set the ATTACH parameter to NO?

A

A: If you set the ATTACH parameter to NO, the import process will create its own metadata and data files, separate from any running export job.

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62
Q

Q: When should I use the ATTACH parameter?

A

A: You should use the ATTACH parameter when you want to import data that was exported using a running Data Pump export job and you want to use the metadata and data files created by that job.

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63
Q

Q: Can I use the ATTACH parameter if I didn’t use it while exporting?

A

A: No, the ATTACH parameter is only applicable when you are importing data that was exported using a running Data Pump export job. If you didn’t use the ATTACH parameter while exporting, it can’t be used for importing the data.

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64
Q

Which method allows any Oracle release to be migrated to Oracle 12c?

A

Export and Import

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65
Q

What is Oracle Release

A

It is what they name the next version.

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66
Q

Q: What is a Transportable Tablespace?

A

A: A Transportable Tablespace is a feature in Oracle that allows you to move a tablespace from one database to another, without having to export and import the data.

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67
Q

Q: How does Transportable Tablespace work?

A

A: Transportable Tablespace works by copying the datafiles of a tablespace from one database and moving them to another database. The metadata for the tablespace is also exported and imported, so that the tablespace can be used in the new database.

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68
Q

Q: What are the benefits of using Transportable Tablespace?

A

A: The benefits of using Transportable Tablespace include:

Faster data migration: Because datafiles are copied directly, Transportable Tablespace can be faster than traditional export/import.
Reduced downtime: Transportable Tablespace allows you to move the tablespace while the database is still online, reducing downtime.
Reduced disk space usage: Because datafiles are copied directly, there is no need to create a dump file, reducing disk space usage

69
Q

Q: What are the prerequisites for using Transportable Tablespace?

A

A: The prerequisites for using Transportable Tablespace include:

The source and target databases must be the same version or a compatible version.
The source and target databases must be running on the same operating system.
The source and target databases must be using the same endian format.
The source and target databases must have the same block size.

70
Q

Q: Can I move only a subset of tables within a tablespace?

A

A: No, when using Transportable Tablespace, you move the entire tablespace, not just a subset of tables within it.

71
Q

Q: Is Transportable Tablespace the only way to move tablespaces between databases?

A

A: No, there are other options for moving tablespaces between databases, such as using Data Pump Export/Import and Oracle GoldenGate.

72
Q

Q: What is the purpose of Export and Import in Oracle?

A

A: Export and Import are used to move data and metadata between Oracle databases. Export is used to create a backup of data and metadata, while Import is used to restore the data and metadata to a different database.

73
Q

Q: What types of data and metadata can be exported and imported?

A

A: Export and Import can be used to move data and metadata for tables, views, procedures, functions, packages, triggers, and other database objects.

74
Q

Q: How do I Export data and metadata from an Oracle database?

A

A: You can use the Export utility (expdp) to export data and metadata from an Oracle database. You’ll need to specify the schemas and objects you want to export, and the location of the dump file where the exported data will be stored.

75
Q

Q: How do I Import data and metadata into an Oracle database?

A

A: You can use the Import utility (impdp) to import data and metadata into an Oracle database. You’ll need to specify the location of the dump file containing the exported data, and the schemas and objects you want to import.

76
Q

Q: What are the benefits of using Export and Import?

A

A: The benefits of using Export and Import include:

Creating a backup of data and metadata
Moving data and metadata between databases
Upgrading the database version or migrating to a new platform

77
Q

Q: What are the prerequisites for using Export and Import?

A

A: The prerequisites for using Export and Import include:

Having the necessary privileges to export and import data
Having the necessary disk space to store the dump file
Having the necessary permissions to access the dump file location.

78
Q

Q: Can I use Export and Import to move data between different versions of Oracle databases?

A

A: Yes, Export and Import can be used to move data between different versions of Oracle databases, but there are some restrictions and prerequisites that you should be aware of.

79
Q

Q: What is the Database Upgrade Assistant (DBUA)?

A

A: The DBUA is a graphical user interface tool in Oracle that automates the process of upgrading an Oracle database to a newer version.

80
Q

Q: How does DBUA work?

A

A: DBUA guides you through the process of upgrading your database, checking for compatibility, making necessary changes to the database, and then upgrading the database. It also provides a way to verify the upgrade and perform post-upgrade tasks.

81
Q

Q: What are the benefits of using DBUA?

A

A: The benefits of using DBUA include:

Automating the upgrade process and reducing the risk of errors
Providing a way to check for compatibility before upgrading
Making it easy to perform post-upgrade tasks
Providing a way to verify the upgrade and ensure that it was successful.

82
Q

Q: What are the prerequisites for using DBUA?

A

A: The prerequisites for using DBUA include:

Having the necessary privileges to upgrade the database
Having a backup of the database before starting the upgrade process
Having the necessary disk space to store the upgraded database
Having the necessary permissions to access the upgraded database
Having the necessary hardware and software requirements for the new version of the Oracle database.

83
Q

Q: Can I use DBUA to upgrade databases to different platforms?

A

A: DBUA can be used to upgrade databases between different platforms, but it requires additional steps and a different process. It is always recommended to have a full backup of the current database and test the upgrade on a test environment before doing it on production.

84
Q

Q: Can I use DBUA to upgrade from any version of the Oracle database to another version?

A

A: DBUA can be used to upgrade from certain versions of the Oracle database to another version, but it depends on the version you’re upgrading from and the version you’re upgrading to. It is important to check the Oracle documentation for the specific version you are upgrading to and from, as well as compatibility matrices to ensure a successful upgrade.

85
Q

A database will be migrated to a platform that has a different endianness.

Which action must be performed on the data files before the migration?

A

Convert by using Recovery Manager

86
Q

Q: Can I use the compression tool on any data in the database?

A

A: The compression tool can be used on most types of data stored in the database, but it may not be compatible with some types of data or certain database configurations. It is important to consult the Oracle documentation and test the compression on a test environment before applying it to a production database.

87
Q

Q: What is basic compression?

A

A: Basic compression is the most basic type of compression available in the Oracle compression tool. It uses a simple algorithm to compress the data, resulting in a lower compression ratio compared to advanced compression.

88
Q

Q: What is advanced compression?

A

A: Advanced compression is a more advanced type of compression available in the Oracle compression tool. It uses a more advanced algorithm to compress the data, resulting in a higher compression ratio compared to basic compression.

89
Q

Q: What is Hybrid Columnar Compression (HCC)?

A

A: Hybrid Columnar Compression (HCC) is a more advanced compression technique that is mainly used for data warehousing. It uses column-level compression, resulting in a higher compression ratio and improved query performance.

90
Q

Q: What are the benefits of using basic compression?

A

: The benefits of using basic compression include:

Reducing the amount of disk space used by the database
Improving the performance of the database by reducing the amount of disk I/O required to access the data
Lowering storage and backup costs

91
Q

Q: What are the benefits of using advanced compression?

A

Higher compression ratio compared to basic compression
Reducing the amount of disk space used by the database
Improving the performance of the database by reducing the amount of disk I/O required to access the data
Lowering storage and backup costs

92
Q

Q: What are the benefits of using Hybrid Columnar Compression (HCC)?

A

A: The benefits of using Hybrid Columnar Compression (HCC) include:

Higher compression ratio and improved query performance compared to basic or advanced compression
Reducing the amount of disk space used by the database
Improving the performance of the database by reducing the amount of disk I/O required to access the data
Lowering storage and backup costs

93
Q

In a Oracle database is there a request that would need free space allocation of 20%

A

Request that would typically require free space allocation of 20% would be an operation that involves creating or resizing a tablespace.
-Specifically, when creating a new tablespace or adding datafiles to an existing tablespace,
-Oracle will require at least 20% free space to be available in the file system to ensure that the tablespace can grow and function properly.
-Additionally, when performing certain operations such as index rebuilds or table partitioning, Oracle may also require additional free space to be available.

94
Q

What is catctl.pl?

A

catctl.pl is a command-line tool provided by Oracle that automates the process of upgrading an Oracle database. It is used to run the SQL scripts provided by Oracle that update the database schema, data dictionary, and system data.

95
Q

How does it work?

A

catctl.pl reads a configuration file that lists the steps required to upgrade a database, such as running SQL scripts, checking prerequisites, and updating the database. It then runs these steps in the correct order and generates log files to track the progress of the upgrade.

96
Q

What are the advantages of using catctl.pl?

A

catctl.pl is useful for upgrading large databases or for performing upgrades on multiple databases in a batch. It can be run in parallel on different database instances and it provides the ability to upgrade multiple databases in parallel with the same command.

97
Q

What are the prerequisites for using catctl.pl?

A

To use catctl.pl, you must have a valid Oracle software installation, a valid Oracle home and a valid Oracle base, and an appropriate version of the Oracle database installed

98
Q

What are the main steps to use catctl.pl?

A

The main steps to use catctl.pl are:

Create a response file with the upgrade options you want to use.
Run the catctl.pl script with the response file as an argument.
Monitor the progress of the upgrade with the log files generated by catctl.pl.
After the upgrade is complete, run the post-upgrade scripts provided by Oracle and perform any necessary post-upgrade tasks.

99
Q

Where can I find more information about catctl.pl?

A

You can find more information about catctl.pl in the Oracle Database Upgrade Guide, which can be found in the Oracle Database documentation library.

100
Q

Why would I user Database Upgrade Assistant as a perform an in-place upgrade over Export/import , Transportable tablespace, Oracle GoldenGate

A

There are a few reasons why you might choose to use the Database Upgrade Assistant (DBUA) over other methods such as Export/Import, Transportable Tablespace, or Oracle GoldenGate for performing an in-place upgrade of an Oracle database:

Simplicity: DBUA is a graphical user interface tool that guides you through the process of upgrading a database. It automates many of the steps required to upgrade a database, such as checking prerequisites, creating backups, and updating the database. This makes it a simpler option compared to the other methods.

Automation: DBUA performs many tasks automatically, such as upgrading the database schema, data dictionary, and system data, and it can also detect and upgrade any third-party components that are installed in the database. This reduces the risk of errors and improves the reliability of the upgrade process.

Flexibility: DBUA allows you to choose from several upgrade paths, such as a direct upgrade or a downgrade and upgrade.

Time-saving: DBUA can save a lot of time compared to other methods, especially for large databases, as it can perform parallel upgrades and avoid downtime.

Risk Mitigation: DBUA will check for any potential issues before the upgrade, and it will also create a backup of the database before starting the upgrade process. This provides an additional layer of protection in case something goes wrong.

That being said, each method has its own advantages and limitations, and the choice of method will depend on the specific needs and characteristics of your environment. For example, Export/Import, Transportable Tablespace, and Oracle GoldenGate may be a better choices if you need to migrate data between different platforms or versions or if you need to perform a cross-platform migration.

101
Q

How should an administrator enable mixed-mode auditing for a database?

A

By configuring the ORA_ACCOUNT_MGMT predefined policy

102
Q

Which interactive tool presents a view of an alert log?

A

adrci

103
Q

What is adrci?

A

ADRCI is the Automatic Diagn Repository Command Interpreter, a command-line tool provided by Oracle for managing the Automatic Diagnostic Repository (ADR), which is a file-based repository that stores diagnostic information for the Oracle Database and other Oracle products.

104
Q

What are the main functions of adrci?

A

ADRCI allows you to perform various tasks related to the ADR, such as:

Viewing and querying diagnostic information, including alert logs, trace files, and incident reports.
Packaging and shipping diagnostic data to Oracle Support.
Managing the ADR, including creating and deleting diagnostic destinations and purging old data.
Creating and managing incidents and problem keys.

105
Q

How does it work?

A

ADRCI reads and writes files in the ADR home directory and allows you to perform various tasks by executing commands. The commands can be executed interactively or in batch mode by passing them as arguments to the adrci executable.

106
Q

What are the main advantages of using adrci?

A

ADRCI offers a number of advantages, such as:

It is a command-line tool that can be integrated with scripts and automation tools.
It allows you to easily view and query diagnostic information stored in the ADR.
It allows you to package and ship diagnostic data to Oracle Support, which can speed up the troubleshooting process.
It allows you to manage the ADR, including purging old data, which can help keep the ADR from consuming too much disk space.

107
Q

What are the prerequisites for using adrci?

A

To use adrci, you must have a valid Oracle software installation, a valid Oracle home, and an appropriate version of the Oracle database installed. Additionally, the ADR must be enabled and configured

108
Q

What is lsnrctl?

A

LSNRCTL is the Listener Control command-line utility for managing the Oracle listener, which is a process that listens for incoming connection requests to the Oracle database.

109
Q

What are the main functions of lsnrctl?

A

Starting, stopping, and checking the status of the listener.
Configuring the listener, including adding or removing database service registrations.
Viewing listener log files and trace files.
Reloading the listener’s configuration file without having to stop and restart the listener.
Changing the listener’s port number.

110
Q

How does it work?

A

LSNRCTL reads the listener’s configuration file (listener.ora) and allows you to perform various tasks by executing commands. The commands can be executed interactively or in batch mode by passing them as arguments to the lsnrctl executable.

111
Q

What are the main advantages of using lsnrctl?

A

LSNRCTL offers a number of advantages, such as:

It is a command-line tool that can be integrated with scripts and automation tools.
It allows you to easily start, stop, and check the status of the listener.
It allows you to configure the listener, including adding or removing database service registrations, which can be useful when adding or removing databases.
It allows you to view listener log files and trace files, which can be helpful when troubleshooting listener-related issues.

112
Q

What are the prerequisites for using lsnrctl?

A

To use lsnrctl, you must have a valid Oracle software installation, a valid Oracle home, and an appropriate version of the Oracle database installed.

113
Q

Where can I find more information about lsnrctl?

A

You can find more information about lsnrctl in the Oracle Database Administrator’s Guide, which can be found in the Oracle Database documentation library. Additionally, you can use the help command in the lsnrctl prompt to get detailed information about the available commands.

114
Q

What is tkprof?

A

TKPROF is a performance tuning tool provided by Oracle for analyzing and formatting the output of SQL trace files. It can be used to identify performance bottlenecks in SQL statements and generate reports that show the execution statistics of the traced SQL statements

115
Q

How does tkprof work?

A

TKPROF reads the trace file generated by the SQL trace facility and generates a formatted report that shows the execution statistics of the traced SQL statements. The report includes information such as the number of times each statement was executed, the total elapsed time, and the number of rows processed. TKPROF can also generate a SQL script to re-create the traced SQL statements with their execution statistics

116
Q

What are the main advantages of using tkprof?

A

TKPROF offers a number of advantages, such as:

-It makes it easy to identify performance bottlenecks in SQL statements.
-It provides detailed execution statistics that can help you optimize the performance of SQL statements.
-It generates a SQL script that can be used to re-create the traced SQL statements with their execution statistics, which can be useful for testing performance improvements.

117
Q

What are the prerequisites for using tkprof?

A

To use tkprof, you must have a valid trace file generated by the SQL trace facility. Additionally, you must have access to the database and the trace file, and the necessary privileges to execute the tkprof command.

118
Q

Where can I find more information about tkprof?

A

You can find more information about tkprof in the Oracle Database Administrator’s Guide, which can be found in the Oracle Database documentation library. Additionally, you can use the help command in the tkprof prompt to get detailed information about the available options

119
Q

What is imp?

A

IMP is the Oracle Import utility, a command-line tool for importing data from an export file (created by the Oracle Export utility) into an Oracle database. It can be used to transfer data between Oracle databases, or to move data from a non-Oracle database to an Oracle database.

120
Q

How does IMP work?

A

The imp utility reads the export file, which contains the data and metadata for the objects to be imported, and uses SQL statements to insert the data into the target Oracle database. The imp utility can also create or replace the objects in the target database, depending on the options specified.

121
Q

What are the main advantages of using imp?

A

IMP offers a number of advantages, such as:

It allows you to transfer data between Oracle databases or move data from a non-Oracle database to an Oracle database.
It can be used to import data into a new database or to refresh the data in an existing database.
It can be used to import only specific objects or schemas, rather than the entire database.

122
Q

What are the prerequisites for using imp?

A

To use imp, you must have a valid export file created by the Oracle Export utility. Additionally, you must have the necessary privileges to create or replace the objects in the target database and the appropriate access to the export file.

123
Q

Which information is included in the output of the utlu121s.sql post-upgrade status script?

A

Information about the current version of database components

124
Q

A company plans to use Data Guard SQL Apply to migrate a database to Oracle 12c.

Which type of upgrade does this tool perform?

A

Rolling

125
Q

What is Data Guard SQL?

A

Data Guard SQL is a feature of Oracle Data Guard that allows you to use SQL commands to manage and monitor Data Guard configurations.

126
Q

What are the main functions of Data Guard SQL?

A

Data Guard SQL allows you to perform various tasks related to Data Guard configurations, such as:

Creating, modifying, and deleting Data Guard configurations.
Starting, stopping, and switching between Data Guard configurations.
Viewing and querying the status of Data Guard configurations.
Enabling and disabling protection modes.
Enabling and disabling the automatic apply of redo logs.

127
Q

How does Data Guard SQL work?

A

Data Guard SQL uses SQL commands to perform various Data Guard management and monitoring tasks. These commands can be executed interactively using SQL*Plus or other SQL clients, or in batch mode by passing them as arguments to a script.

128
Q

What are the main advantages of using Data Guard SQL?

A

Data Guard SQL offers a number of advantages, such as:

It allows you to use a familiar SQL interface to manage and monitor Data Guard configurations.
It allows you to automate Data Guard management tasks by using scripts and scheduling them.
It allows you to view the status of Data Guard configurations in real-time

129
Q

What are the prerequisites for using Data Guard SQL?

A

To use Data Guard SQL, you must have a valid Oracle Data Guard installation and the necessary privileges to perform the management and monitoring tasks.

130
Q

Tell me Database Upgrade Assistant in silent mode in Q&A mode

A

The silent mode for Database Upgrade Assistant allows you to perform an upgrade without any user interaction. It is a command-line mode that uses a response file to supply the necessary input for the upgrade process

131
Q

How does Database Upgrade Assistant in silent mode work?

A

To use the silent mode for Database Upgrade Assistant, you need to create a response file that contains the input parameters for the upgrade process. Once the response file is created, you can use it to run the upgrade process in silent mode by executing the DUA command and passing the response file as an argument. The upgrade process will then run without any user interaction, using the input parameters specified in the response file.

132
Q

What are the advantages of using silent mode for Database Upgrade Assistant?

A

The main advantages of using silent mode for Database Upgrade Assistant are:

It allows you to automate the upgrade process.
It can be useful for large-scale upgrades where user interaction is not practical.
You can use the same response file for multiple upgrades, which saves time and reduces the potential for errors.

133
Q

What are the prerequisites for using silent mode for Database Upgrade Assistant?

A

To use silent mode for Database Upgrade Assistant, you need to have the Database Upgrade Assistant installed and the necessary privileges to perform the upgrade. Additionally, you need to have a valid response file that contains the input parameters for the upgrade process.

134
Q

Database Upgrade Assistant Interactive mode

A

This is the default mode for Database Upgrade Assistant, where the user is prompted for input and can interact with the upgrade process through a graphical user interface (GUI).

135
Q

Database Upgrade Assistant Logfile mode

A

In this mode, Database Upgrade Assistant writes the upgrade progress and any messages to a log file, rather than displaying them on the screen. This mode can be useful when running the upgrade in an automated script, as the log file can be later reviewed to check the progress and any issues encountered.

136
Q

Database Upgrade Assistant AutoUpgrade mode

A

This is a more recent mode that allows to perform the upgrade automatically with less human intervention. This mode will check the pre-upgrade requirements, perform the upgrade and even perform post-upgrade tasks like database’s health check, generating reports, etc.

137
Q

What is hs_autoregister

A

hs_autoregister is a parameter in the listener.ora file of an Oracle Database that controls the automatic registration of a database in the listener. When set to true, the database will automatically register with the listener upon startup.

138
Q

How does hs_autoregister work?

A

When the hs_autoregister parameter is set to true, the database will automatically register with the listener upon startup by sending a registration request to the listener. The listener will then add the database to its list of known databases and will be able to accept connection requests for that database.

139
Q

What are the advantages of using hs_autoregister?

A

It simplifies the process of configuring the listener to accept connection requests for a new database.
It eliminates the need to manually register the database with the listener.
It reduces the potential for errors when registering a database with the listener

140
Q

What are the prerequisites for using hs_autoregister?

A

To use hs_autoregister, you need to have a valid listener.ora file and the necessary privileges to modify the file. Additionally, the database must be configured to use the listener for connections.

141
Q

What is cluster_database?

A

The cluster_database parameter is an initialization parameter in Oracle RAC (Real Application Clusters) that determines whether the database should be started as a clustered database or not. When set to true, the database will be started as a clustered database and will be able to use the shared resources provided by the cluster.

142
Q

How does cluster_database work?

A

When the cluster_database parameter is set to true, the database will be started as a clustered database. The database will use the shared resources provided by the cluster, such as shared storage and shared memory, to provide high availability and scalability. Additionally, the database will participate in the cluster’s automatic failover and load balancing mechanisms.

143
Q

What are the advantages of using cluster_database?

A

The main advantages of using cluster_database are:

It provides high availability by allowing the database to automatically failover to another node in the event of a failure.
It allows the database to scale horizontally by adding more nodes to the cluster.
It allows the database to use the shared resources provided by the cluster, such as shared storage and shared memory.

144
Q

What are the prerequisites for using cluster_database?

A

To use cluster_database, you need to have a valid Oracle RAC installation and the necessary privileges to modify the initialization parameters. Additionally, the cluster must be configured and running properly.

145
Q

Which tool provides status upgrade result information after an upgrade?

A

utlu121s.sql

146
Q

What is utluiobj.sql?

A

utluiobj.sql is a SQL script provided by Oracle for analyzing and reporting on the status of objects in a database. It can be used to identify and troubleshoot issues with invalid or unusable objects in the database.

147
Q

How does utluiobj.sql work?

A

utluiobj.sql script is executed on the database and it generates a report that lists the status of all objects in the database, including information such as the object type, the owner, the status, and the reason for the status. The script also provides information on any invalid or unusable objects, including the reason why they are invalid or unusable and the steps that need to be taken to correct the issue

148
Q

What are the main advantages of using utluiobj.sql?

A

utluiobj.sql offers a number of advantages, such as:

It allows you to identify and troubleshoot issues with invalid or unusable objects in the database.
It provides detailed information on the status of all objects in the database, which can help you understand the overall health of the database.
It provides information on the steps that need to be taken to correct any issues with invalid or unusable objects, which can save time and reduce the potential for errors.

149
Q

What are the prerequisites for using utluiobj.sql?

A

To use utluiobj.sql, you must have a valid Oracle software installation and the necessary privileges to execute the script on the database.

150
Q

What is emremove.sql?

A

emremove.sql is a SQL script provided by Oracle for removing the Enterprise Manager (EM) repository from a database. The script is used to remove the EM repository and all related objects, configurations and data from the database, effectively uninstalling the EM agent and its related components.

151
Q

How does emremove.sql work?

A

To use the script, it is executed on the database using a SQL client such as SQL*Plus. The script connects to the database and drops the EM repository and all related objects, configurations, and data. Once the script completes, the EM repository and related components are removed from the database.

152
Q

What are the main advantages of using emremove.sql?

A

It allows you to remove the EM repository and related components from a database, effectively uninstalling the EM agent.
It provides a quick and easy way to remove the EM repository and related objects, configurations, and data from the database.
It eliminates the need to manually drop the EM repository and related objects, which can save time and reduce the potential for errors.

153
Q

What are the prerequisites for using emremove.sql?

A

To use emremove.sql, you must have a valid Oracle software installation and the necessary privileges to execute the script on the database. Additionally, the database must have the EM repository installed.

154
Q

What is catuppst.sql?

A

catuppst.sql is a SQL script provided by Oracle for upgrading the catalog and the data dictionary in a database. It updates the data dictionary to reflect changes that have been made to the database structure. It can be used after upgrading or patching the database, or when adding new features to the database.

155
Q

How does catuppst.sql work?

A

To use the script, it is executed on the database using a SQL client such as SQL*Plus. The script connects to the database and performs the necessary updates to the catalog and the data dictionary. Once the script completes, the catalog and data dictionary are updated to reflect any changes that have been made to the database structure.

156
Q

What are the main advantages of using catuppst.sql?

A

It allows you to upgrade the catalog and data dictionary in a database, which is necessary after upgrading or patching the database, or when adding new features to the database.
It provides a quick and easy way to upgrade the catalog and data dictionary, which is necessary for the proper functioning of the database.
It eliminates the need to manually update the catalog and data dictionary, which can save time and reduce the potential for errors.

157
Q

What are the prerequisites for using catuppst.sql?

A

To use catuppst.sql, you must have a valid Oracle software installation and the necessary privileges to execute the script on the database. Additionally, the database must have been upgraded or patched, or new features must have been added to the database.

158
Q

What is utlu121s.sql?

A

utlu121s.sql is a SQL script provided by Oracle for upgrading a database from version 11g to version 12c. It is a part of the Oracle Database Upgrade Assistant (DBUA) which is the recommended method for upgrading Oracle databases. The script performs the necessary updates to the catalog and the data dictionary, and also updates the database structures, such as the datafiles, to the new format.

159
Q

How does utlu121s.sql work?

A

To use the script, it is executed on the database using a SQL client such as SQL*Plus. The script connects to the database and performs the necessary updates to the catalog and the data dictionary, and also updates the database structures, such as the datafiles, to the new format. Once the script completes, the database is upgraded to version 12c.

160
Q

What are the main advantages of using utlu121s.sql?

A

t allows you to upgrade a database from version 11g to version 12c, which is necessary to take advantage of the new features and improvements provided by the newer version.
It provides a quick and easy way to upgrade the database, which is necessary for the proper functioning of the database.
It eliminates the need to manually update the catalog and data dictionary, which can save time and reduce the potential for errors.

161
Q

What are the prerequisites for using utlu121s.sql?

A

To use utlu121s.sql, you must have a valid Oracle software installation, the necessary privileges to execute the script on the database and the database must be running version 11g. Additionally, it is strongly recommended to back up the database before upgrading.

162
Q

Q: What is Oracle Data Guard?

A

A: Oracle Data Guard is a disaster recovery and data protection feature provided by Oracle Database. It allows you to maintain one or more synchronized copies of a primary database, known as standby databases, that can be used to failover to in the event of a primary database failure.

163
Q

Q: What are the different types of standby databases that can be created with Data Guard?

A

A: There are two types of standby databases: physical standby and logical standby. A physical standby database is a fully synchronized copy of the primary database, including all physical files and structures, while a logical standby database is a copy of the primary database that is updated through SQL statements applied to the primary database.

164
Q

Q: How does Data Guard ensure data integrity and consistency between the primary and standby databases?

A

A: Data Guard uses a variety of techniques to ensure data integrity and consistency, including redo transport, which sends all changes made to the primary database to the standby databases, and archived redo logs, which are used to recover the standby databases in the event of a failure. Additionally, Data Guard can perform automatic validation of the standby database to ensure it is in a consistent state with the primary database.

165
Q

Q: What are the benefits of using Oracle Data Guard?

A

A: Some benefits of using Oracle Data Guard include:

-Improved disaster recovery and high availability: Data Guard can help reduce the impact of a primary database failure by providing a failover mechanism to a standby database.
-Data protection: Data Guard can help protect against data loss by providing a synchronized copy of the primary database.
-Online maintenance: Data Guard can allow you to perform maintenance on the primary database without any interruption to the standby database.
-Scalability: Data Guard can help you scale your database environment by allowing you to create multiple standby databases.
Improved performance: Data Guard can help improve performance by allowing you to offload read-only workloads to a standby database.

166
Q

Q: What is Endian format?

A

A: Endian format refers to the ordering of bytes within a multi-byte data type when stored in memory or on disk.

167
Q

Q: What are the two main types of endian formats?

A

A: The two main types of endian formats are big-endian and little-endian.

168
Q

Q: How does big-endian format order bytes within a multi-byte data type?

A

A: In big-endian format, the most significant byte (MSB) is stored at the lowest memory address and the least significant byte (LSB) is stored at the highest memory address.

169
Q

Q: How does little-endian format order bytes within a multi-byte data type?

A

A: In little-endian format, the least significant byte (LSB) is stored at the lowest memory address and the most significant byte (MSB) is stored at the highest memory address.

Oracle c (3 decks)

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