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Question 1

Definition:
An important body structure made from atoms

Answer 1

Proteins

Question 2

Definition:
Composed bundles of cells, which make up small strands

Answer 2

Muscles

Question 3

The two proteins in muscle cells are:

Answer 3

Actin and myosin

Question 4

What is the job of actin and myosin?

Answer 4

Help the muscles by grabbing each other and pulling so the muscle fibers can contract

Question 5

Fill in the blank:
Exercise and diet play a role in ________ _______

Answer 5

building muscle

Question 6

Fill in the blank:
_______ has a large influence on musculature.

Answer 6

Exercise

Question 7

Fill in the blank
Diet has a small influence on __________.

Answer 7

Musculature

Question 8

If the offspring is heavily muscled what might the parents be?

Answer 8

Extra muscled or medium muscled

Question 9

If the offspring is typically muscled what might the parents be?

Answer 9

Both of them will be typically muscled

Question 10

How many chromosomes are passed down to the offspring during the fertilization of the egg and sperm?

Answer 10

30 chromosomes to each

Question 11

What is called when muscle cells have two of each chromosome?

Answer 11

Karyotype

Question 12

What specific region of the chromosome controls how specific protein is made?

Answer 12

Gene

Question 13

What is the function of myostatin?

Answer 13

To fit into the cell receptors of the cell

Question 14

Fill in the blank:
When the myostatin fits correctly into the cell receptor ________ _________ ________.

Answer 14

Muscles develop typically

Question 15

Different forms of protein have different variations, like _____ ______ _____ _______ ________.

Answer 15

Extra-big or typically muscled

Question 16

Different versions of a gene are called _______.

Answer 16

Alleles

Question 17

What determines the proteins that gets produced, which leads to the phenotype?

Answer 17

An animal genotype

Question 18

The structure of a gene has a different Helio causing different shaped myosin protein. What is the result in those animals phenotypes?

Answer 18

Heavily muscled

Question 19

Partial myostatin protein does not fit into receptors on cells, so no message is sent causing want to happen?

Answer 19

Animals to have extra big muscles

Question 20

The mix of partial and complete myostatin proteins results in _________ _________.

Answer 20

Medium-muscled

Question 21

The physical structure that carries genetic information

Answer 21

Genetic material

Question 22

The instructions stored in genes for making specific proteins

Answer 22

Genetic instructions

Question 23

What does heterozygous mean?

Answer 23

Having two different alleles for a particular gene

Question 24

What does homozygous mean?

Answer 24

Having two of the same alleles for a particular gene

Question 25

How does alleles work together in different ways? (3 Vocabulary words)

Answer 25

Incomplete dominance, codominance, dominant

Question 26

An allele that is only expressed when a dominant allele is present

Answer 26

Recessive

Question 27

A small change in structure of a chromosome that can be passed on to future offspring, but was not there before.

Answer 27

Mutation

Question 28

What is a genotype?

Answer 28

The combination of alleles, that an organism has

Question 29

What is a phenotype?

Answer 29

How a trait appears/looks within an individual organism