Upbringing-Poverty-Wikström-Results Flashcards
What is a propensity induced criminal?
A propensity induced criminal is where offending is an individual characteristic and is to do with their personality
Wikström discovered there were 3 types of criminals. What were they?
Propensity induced, lifestyle dependent and situationally limited
What is a life-style dependent criminal?
Offending is dependent on their lifestyle. Those with a high risk lifestyle offend more frequently. High risk means that they spend a lot of time in public with delinquent peers.
What is a situationally limited offender?
This is where offending is due to occasional exposure to high levels of situational risk e.g substance abuse
What did Wikström find to be the most common crime? What percentage of these were males and females?
Common crimes e.g shoplifting
45% males
31% females
Which type of criminal is least likely to develop serious criminality issues?
Situationally limited offenders
What did he say about disadvantaged backgrounds?
That they do not predict criminality (by themselves) however it does expose them to more risk factors and less protective factors
What are the risk factors?
1: individual characteristics - poor self control, antisocial behaviours
2: lifestyles - high risk: spend a lot of time with peers in public settings, using drugs - truanting = lifestyle dependent
Why do girls typically offend less then boys?
Because girls have strong protective factors and fewer high risk lifestyles
What are the protective factors?
1: strong families
2: strong school bonds (good attendance)
The most common crimes are committed by high frequency offenders. True or False?
False: serious crimes are committed by high frequency offenders which has often escalated from smaller crimes
