Upbringing-Poverty-Wikström-Results Flashcards

0
Q

What is a propensity induced criminal?

A

A propensity induced criminal is where offending is an individual characteristic and is to do with their personality

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1
Q

Wikström discovered there were 3 types of criminals. What were they?

A

Propensity induced, lifestyle dependent and situationally limited

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2
Q

What is a life-style dependent criminal?

A

Offending is dependent on their lifestyle. Those with a high risk lifestyle offend more frequently. High risk means that they spend a lot of time in public with delinquent peers.

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3
Q

What is a situationally limited offender?

A

This is where offending is due to occasional exposure to high levels of situational risk e.g substance abuse

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4
Q

What did Wikström find to be the most common crime? What percentage of these were males and females?

A

Common crimes e.g shoplifting
45% males
31% females

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5
Q

Which type of criminal is least likely to develop serious criminality issues?

A

Situationally limited offenders

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6
Q

What did he say about disadvantaged backgrounds?

A

That they do not predict criminality (by themselves) however it does expose them to more risk factors and less protective factors

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7
Q

What are the risk factors?

A

1: individual characteristics - poor self control, antisocial behaviours
2: lifestyles - high risk: spend a lot of time with peers in public settings, using drugs - truanting = lifestyle dependent

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8
Q

Why do girls typically offend less then boys?

A

Because girls have strong protective factors and fewer high risk lifestyles

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9
Q

What are the protective factors?

A

1: strong families
2: strong school bonds (good attendance)

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10
Q

The most common crimes are committed by high frequency offenders. True or False?

A

False: serious crimes are committed by high frequency offenders which has often escalated from smaller crimes

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