UOP ECO 365 ENTIRE COURSE Flashcards
ECO 365 Complete Class + Final Exam
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ECO 365 Complete Class
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ECO 365 Complete Class
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ECO 365 Final Exam Guide 24/30
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1) An economist who is studying the relationship between the money supply,interest rates, and the rate of inflation is engaged in
A. microeconomic research
B. macroeconomic research
C. theoretical research, because there is no data on these variables
D. empirical research, because there is no economic theory related to these variables
2) A basic difference between microeconomics and macroeconomics is that microeconomics
A. focuses on the choices of individual consumers, while macroeconomics considers the behavior of large businesses
B. focuses on financial reporting by individuals, while macroeconomics focuses on financial reporting by large firms
C. examines the choices made by individual participants in an economy, while macroeconomics considers the economy’s overall performance
D. focuses on national markets, while macroeconomics concentrates on international markets
3) The distinction between supply and the quantity supplied is best made by saying that
A. the quantity supplied is represented graphically by a curve and supply as a point on that curve associated with a particular price
B. supply is represented graphically by a curve and the quantity supplied as a point on that curve associated with a particular price
C. the quantity supplied is in direct relation with prices, whereas supply is in inverse relation
D. the quantity supplied is in inverse relation with prices, whereas supply is in direct relation
4) After several years of slow economic growth, world demand for petroleum began to rise rapidly in the 1990s. Much of the increase in demand was met by additional supplies from sources outside the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). OPEC, during this time, was unable to restrain output among members in its effort to lift oil prices. What best describes these events?
A. The rise in demand shifted the demand for oil to the right. OPEC actions shifted the demand for oil back to the left.
B. The rise in demand shifted the demand for oil to the right. As price rose, the supply of oil also rose.
C. The rise in demand shifted the demand for oil to the right. As price rose, the quantity of oil supplied rose.
D. The rise in demand reflects a movement down along the demand curve as supply shifted to the right when suppliers produced more oil.
5) Price elasticity of demand is the:
A. change in the quantity of a good demanded divided by the change in the price of that good
B. change in the price of a good divided by the change in the quantity of that good demanded
C. percentage change in price of that good divided by the percentage change in the quantity of that good demanded
D. percentage change in quantity demanded of a good divided by the percentage change in the price of that good
6) If average movie ticket prices rise by about 5 percent and attendance falls by about 2 percent, other things being equal, the elasticity of demand for movie tickets is about:
A. 0.0
B. 0.4
C. 0.6
D. 2.5
7) When labor is the variable input, the average product equals the
A. marginal product divided by the number of workers
B. marginal product multiplied by the number of workers
C. number of workers divided by the quantity of output
D. quantity of output divided by the number of workers
8) The increase in output obtained by hiring an additional worker is known as
A. the average product
B. the marginal product
C. the total product
D. value added
9) Which of the following is the best example of a long-run decision?
A. An automobile manufacturing company is considering whether or not to invest in robotic equipment to develop a more cost-effective production technique.
B. An automobile manufacturing company is considering whether or not to expand its existing workforce, while keeping the same factory and equipment.
C. A business consulting firm is considering whether or not to hire interns to assist with research and data processing.
D. A business consulting firm is considering whether or not to add new computers while maintaining the same number of employees.
10) Other things being equal, when average productivity falls,
A. average fixed cost must rise
B. marginal cost must rise
C. average total cost must rise
D. average variable cost must rise
11) According to economist Colin Camerer of the California Institute of Technology, many New York taxi drivers decide when to finish work by setting an income goal for themselves. If this is true, then on busy days when the effective hourly wage is higher, taxi drivers will
A. work the same number of hours as they will on slower days
B. work fewer hours than they will on slower days
C. work more hours than they will on slower days
D. not work any hours
12) A firm’s demand for labor is derived from the
A. opportunity costs associated with labor and leisure
B. desires and needs of the entrepreneur
C. cost of labor inputs
D. demand for its output
13) Owen runs a delivery business and currently employs three drivers. He owns three vans that employees use to make deliveries, but he is considering hiring a fourth driver. If he hires a fourth driver, he can schedule breaks and lunch hours so all three vans are in constant use, allowing him to increase deliveries per day from 60 to 75. This will cost an additional $75 per day to hire the fourth driver. The marginal cost per delivery of increasing output beyond 60 deliveries per day
A. is $0 because Owen does not have to purchase another van
B. is $5
C. is $75
D. cannot be calculated without knowing Owen’s total fixed costs
14) Expected economic profit per unit is equal to
A. expected price
B. expected average total cost
C. the difference between expected average price and expected average total cost
D. the difference between expected total revenue and expected total cost
15) If a firm in a perfectly competitive market experiences a technological breakthrough,
A. other firms would find out about it eventually
B. other firms would find out about it immediately
C. other firms would not find out about it
D. some firms would find out about it, but others would not
16) A significant difference between monopoly and perfect competition is that
A. free entry and exit is possible in a monopolized industry, but impossible in a competitive industry
B. competitive firms control market supply, but monopolies do not
C. the monopolist’s demand curve is the industry demand curve, while the competitive firm’s demand curve is perfectly elastic
D. profits are driven to zero in a monopolized industry, but may be positive in a competitive industry.
17) A monopoly firm is different from a competitive firm in that
A. there are many substitutes for a monopolist’s product while there are no substitutes for a competitive firm’s product
B. a monopolist’s demand curve is perfectly inelastic while a competitive firm’s demand curve is perfectly elastic
C. a monopolist can influence market price while a competitive firm cannot
D. a competitive firm has a U-shaped average cost curve while a monopolist does not
18) The difference between a perfectly competitive firm and a monopolistically competitive firm is that a monopolistically competitive firm faces a
A. horizontal demand curve and price equals marginal cost in equilibrium
B. horizontal demand curve and price exceeds marginal cost in equilibrium
C. downward-sloping demand curve and price equals marginal cost in equilibrium
D. downward-sloping demand curve and price exceeds marginal cost in equilibrium
19) As long as marginal cost is below marginal revenue, a perfectly competitive firm should
A. increase production
B. hold production constant
C. decrease production
D. reconsider past production decisions
20) Because a monopolistic competitor has some monopoly power, advertising to increase that monopoly power makes sense as long as the marginal
A. benefit of advertising is positive
B. cost of advertising is positive
C. benefit of advertising exceeds the marginal cost of advertising
D. cost of advertising exceeds the marginal benefit of advertising
21) In the Flint Hills area of Kansas, proposals to build wind turbines to generate electricity have pitted environmentalist against environmentalist. Members of the Kansas Sierra Club support the turbines as a way to reduce fossil fuel usage, while local chapters of the Nature Conservancy say they will befoul the landscape. The Sierra Club argues that wind turbines
A. are a source of negative externalities
B. reduce negative externalities elsewhere in the economy
C. create a free-rider problem
D. are a way of solving a free-rider problem
22) When negative externalities are present, market failure often occurs because
A. the marginal external cost resulting from the activity is not reflected in the market price
B. the marginal external cost resulting from the activity is reflected in the market price
C. the existence of imports from foreign countries takes jobs and income away from U.S. citizens
D. consumers will consume the good at a level where their individual marginal benefits exceed the marginal costs borne by the firm producing the good
23) A merger between a textile mill and a clothing manufacturing company would be considered a
A. horizontal merger
B. vertical merger
C. conglomerate merger
D. diagonal merger
24) A merger between a baby food company and a life insurance company would be considered a
A. horizontal merger
B. vertical merger
C. conglomerate merger
D. diagonal merger
25) From the point of view of consumer and producer surplus, what problem may be created when a country subsidizes the cost of energy to consumers to help alleviate the burden of higher energy costs?
A. It hurts the poor and benefits the rich.
B. It leads to less fuel being used than the amount that maximizes consumer surplus.
C. It encourages the consumption of too much fuel at the expense of other goods.
D. It has no effect; consumers gain a surplus, but taxpayers lose the same amount because they must finance the subsidy.
26) Suppose people freely choose to spend 40 percent of their income on health care, but the government decides to tax 40 percent of a person’s income to provide the same level of coverage as before. What can be said about deadweight loss in each case?
A. Taxing income results in deadweight loss, while purchasing health care on one’s own does not result in deadweight loss.
B. Taxing income results in less deadweight loss, because government knows better what health care coverage is good for society.
C. There is no difference because the goods are purchased in the market in either case.
D. There is no difference because the total spending remains the same and the health care purchased remains the same.
27) The U.S. textile industry is relatively small because the US imports most of its clothing. A clear result of the importation of clothing is
A. there is less variety available than there would be without imports
B. the quality of clothing is lower than it would be without imports
C. the price of clothing is higher than it would be without imports
D. the price of clothing is lower than it would be without imports
28) Countries can expect to gain from international trade as long as they
A. keep production diversified
B. specialize according to their comparative advantage
C. produce only those goods for which they have a relatively high opportunity cost
D. use trade restrictions to reduce competition for domestic producers
29) Which of the following is an example of the law of one price?
A. Exchange rates tend to have equivalent values. For example, one Italian lire equals one U.S. dollar.
B. Because people have essentially the same basic needs wherever they live, they tend to buy the same bundle of goods.
C. Because wages are so much lower in China, eventually all U.S. jobs will be outsourced to China, leaving the US to import all goods at one price.
D. Because their countries have similar institutions, the price paid for a computer in Germany and the United States are about the same when converted into the same currency.
30) The fact that U.S. managers’ salaries are substantially greater than those of comparable managers in Japan may be related to
A. an increase in the demand for CEOs
B. an increase in the supply of CEOs
C. the comparatively greater competitive markets in Japan
D. the greater number of public goods provided in the United States
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ECO 365 Final Exam Guide 24/30
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ECO 365 Week 1 DQ 1
What is the definition of price elasticity of demand? What is the relationship between price elasticity of demand and total revenue?
How does price elasticity of demand affect a firm’s pricing decisions? How does the availability of substitutes affect the price elasticity of demand? Provide a real-world example that illustrates your points.
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ECO 365 Week 1 DQ 1
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ECO 365 Week 1 DQ 2
Identify a good or service with which you are familiar. What factors have contributed to changes in the supply of and demand for that good or service? What was the effect on the equilibrium price and quantity?
How do you expect changes in the microeconomy and macroeconomy to affect future supply of and demand for that good or service? Do you expect the equilibrium price to increase or decrease as a result?
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ECO 365 Week 1 DQ 2
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ECO 365 Week 1 DQ 3
What is economics? What role does economics play in your personal and organizational decisions? Provide an example of the role of economics in decision making.
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ECO 365 Week 1 DQ 3
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ECO 365 Week 1 DQ 4
What is the difference between a movement along and shift of the demand curve? What would cause the demand curve to shift and provide an example. Explain how the availability of substitutes affect the price elasticity of demand? Provide examples for all.
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ECO 365 Week 1 DQ 4
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ECO 365 Week 1 DQ 5
a.) Identify a recent purchase in which the price of the product was an important
consideration in the decision making process related to the purchasing of the product. What other
factors affected your decision?
b.) How important was your income as a factor?
c.) How important was the price of other goods as a factor?
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ECO 365 Week 1 DQ 5
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ECO 365 Week 1 DQ 6
a.) According to the Federal Housing Finance Agency house price index, U.S. housing prices declined throughout 2008 and
2009. What are two demand determinants and two supply determinants that might explain the broad decline in house prices
that occurred in those years?
b.) Is the market currently in equilibrium?
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ECO 365 Week 1 DQ 6
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ECO 365 Week 1 Individual Article Analysis
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Research the University Library and Internet, and select a recent news article concerning trends in consumption patterns of a specific product, such as gasoline, oil, grain, or coffee. The following article which is located in the Electronic Reserve Readings on the student website is an example of trends in consumption patterns:
Hauser, C. (2011, August 24). Sales of new homes fell again in July. The New York Times. p. 6. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.
Write a 700 – 1,050-word paper in which you do the following:
Analyze the basis for the trends in consumption patterns, as discussed in the article you selected.
• Consider the utility derived from a product or service mentioned in the article.
• Describe what has occurred to change the demand for the product or service and its market and equilibrium prices. Assume that supply remains the same.
• Describe what has occurred to change the supply of the product or service and its market and equilibrium prices. Assume that demand remains the same.
• In your opinion, is demand for this product or service price elastic or inelastic? What does this imply about how consumers respond to changes in the price of this product or service? Support your determination of the price elasticity of demand with a reference.
Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines.
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ECO 365 Week 1 Individual Article Analysis
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ECO 365 Week 2 DQ 1
What is the relationship between average and marginal productivity? What would happen to average and marginal productivity if a technological innovation is introduced to the production process? Provide an example.
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ECO 365 Week 2 DQ 1
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ECO 365 Week 2 DQ 2
Under what conditions will a firm shut down operations in the short run? Identify an example you are familiar with, or have identified through research, of a business that has temporarily shut down operations in the short run. What led to this decision? Did the firm resume operations at a later date?
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ECO 365 Week 2 DQ 2
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ECO 365 Week 2 DQ 3
What is average productivity? What is marginal productivity? Explain the relationship between average and marginal productivity. What would happen to average and marginal productivity if a technological innovation is introduced to the production process?
Why do economists say that it is important to “think on the margin?”
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ECO 365 Week 2 DQ 3
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ECO 365 Week 2 DQ 4
Why is the demand of labor a derived demand? Explain the shape of the supply of labor curve. What is the relationship between productivity and the wages earned by an employee? What are some factors that determine the level of your income?
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ECO 365 Week 2 DQ 4
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ECO 365 Week 2 DQ 5
a.) What is the law of diminishing marginal productivity?
b.) How does the law of diminishing marginal productivity affect the costs of production?
c.) Provide an example of the law of diminishing marginal productivity from your workplace.
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ECO 365 Week 2 DQ 5
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