Unusual and Unique Presentations

Question 1

Possible causes of feline Acne?

Answer 1

malass,
dermatophytes
demodex
bacteria

Question 2

What is the progression of lesions in feline acne?

Answer 2

black follicular casts –> papules —> folliculitis –> possible pain or pruritis –> follicular cysts, draining tracts, furunculosis

Question 3

Where is feline acne typically seen?

Answer 3

chin and lower lip

Question 4

Dx of feline acne

Answer 4

clinical signs
cytology
skin scrapings
fungal culture

Question 5

Tx of Felne acne

Answer 5

not necessary in most cases
When draining tracts and such,…clip, warm pack it. Oral AM, Mupirocin cream on the area
Clean regularly
change to metal food dishes

Question 6

What is acral lick dermattis?

Answer 6

the urge to lick the distal cranial portion of the a leg, producing a thickened, firm, oval plaque.

Question 7

Who does acral lick show up in?

Answer 7

large breed, active dogs

Question 8

What are some possible causes?

Answer 8

Psychogenic
bacterial/fungal
demodicosis
trauma or neurologic injury
AD
underlying orthopedc dz

Question 9

What often accompanies acral lick dermatits

Answer 9

sconary bacterial nfection, partiicularly with ulceration

Question 10

What are factor os psychogenic acral lick derm that can contribute? and what is the physiology of it?

Answer 10

boredom
anxiety

the endorphins are released when lickng

Question 11

Dx of acral lick dermatitis

Answer 11

CE, Hx
Skin scrapings
cytology
fungal culture - primary or secondary
HISTOPATH****

Question 12

Tx of acral lick stuff

Answer 12

AM because of secondary usually
Barrier therapy (collar)
Remove triggers
BMD, Anti-depress, intra-lesional steroids, topicals, etc.

Question 13

Prog of acral lick stuff

Answer 13

guarded

Question 14

what is the most common lesion of vascultitis?

Answer 14

involvement of the extremities

ulceration**

Question 15

Pathogenesis of vasculitis

Answer 15

Type 3 hypersens.

Question 16

What % of vasculitis is idiopathic

Answer 16

50%

Question 17

Which breeds are prone to vasculitits?

Answer 17

jack russel terrorists

Question 18

What are some concurrent diseases that may happen with vasculitis

Answer 18

infections, food hypersen, insect bites, neoplasia

Question 19

what are some pptating factors in Vasculitis?

Answer 19

Vx, infections, drugs

Question 20

Dx of vasculitis.

Answer 20

Histopathology.

Question 21

Tx of Vasculitis

Answer 21

first find the etiology
correct underlying dz
immunomodulatory drugs

Question 22

Specifically, what are mild cases of vasculitis treated with

Answer 22

pentoxyphylline

methylxanthine derivs

Question 23

Specifically, what are worse cases of vasculitis treated with?

Answer 23

corticosteroids
azathioprine
TTC, niacinamide
cyclosporine

Question 24

What are peri-anal fistulas

Answer 24

chronic inflammatory lesions characterized by draining tracts forming around the anus of the dog –> ulcerative, painful, malodorous

Question 25

Who tend to get perianal fistulas

Answer 25

German Shepherds
Irish Setters
Patients over 5

Question 26

what is a common secondary infection to perianal fistulae?

Answer 26

colitis

Question 27

Dx of peri-anal fistulae

Answer 27

clinical signs, rectal exam

Question 28

Peri-anal fistulae are often confused with

Answer 28

ruptured anal sacs

Question 29

Tx of perianal fistulae

Answer 29

cyclosporine (but expensive)
Topical tacrolimus
mix cyclo with ketocon (more side effects)
AM for secondaries
Corticosteroids for early tx
Dietary - hypoallergenics, stool softeners,
Last resort is surgery

Question 30

What is symmetrical lupoid onychodystrophy

Answer 30

a condition affecting multiple claws in dogs, typically presented as a claw that is abnormal, then sloughs

Question 31

What happens later in the progression of symmetrical lupoid onychodystrophy

Answer 31

all the nails fall off. regrowing, they are short, misshapen and brittle.
takes 2-8 weeks

Question 32

DDx for symmetrical lupoid onychodystrophy

Answer 32

dermatophyte infection
IM condition like pemphigus foliaceous
vasculitis

Question 33

If only one nail has sloughed…

Answer 33

it is likely trauma or neoplasia, not symmetrical lupoid onychodystrophy

Question 34

Dx of symmetrical lupoid onychodystrophy

Answer 34

Histopathiology and Clinical signs

Question 35

How do you take histopath samples for symmetrical lupoid onychodystrophy

Answer 35

typically take off the P3, but some can do it without amuptation of that.

Question 36

Tx of symmetrical lupoid onychodystrophy

Answer 36

not necessarily corticosteroids because a benign IM process.
Give Omega-3s and 6s
hypoallergenic diets
pred, TTC+niacinam, pentoxyphylline, cyclo

Question 37

What are DDx for nailbed neoplasia?

Answer 37

SCC, melanoma

Question 38

Another name for Juvenile cellulitis

Answer 38

juvenile pyoderma, puppy strangles

Question 39

What is puppy strangels?

Answer 39

granulomatous and pustular disorder of the face, ears, submand LN

Question 40

Who does Jnile pyoderma show up in?

Answer 40

goldens, dachsunds, puppies under 4 months

Question 41

Clinical signs of Juvenile cellulitis

Answer 41

facial swelling
striking lymphadenotpathy
pustules
fistulae
crusts
lethargy

Question 42

Dx of Jnile pyoderma

Answer 42

clinical signs
cytology showing granulomatous inflammation with no organisms
Cultures = sterile
**Skin biopsy

Question 43

Tx of Puppy strangles

Answer 43

large doses of corticosteroids

Question 44

Prognosis of Puppy strangles

Answer 44

good, but may scar