Untitled spreadsheet - Sheet1 Flashcards
What is energy?
The ability to do work.
What is potential energy?
Stored energy (because of its position).
What is kinetic energy?
Energy due to motion.
or
Energy in motion.
or
Energy of motion.
What is mechanical energy?
The ability to make something move.
What is chemical energy?
Energy from food that can be converted to the ability to move.
What is electrical energy?
Moves motors that help people perform tasks.
What is motion?
The change of an object’s position. Includes distance and direction.
What is a reference point?
A fixed point/object used to determine if something is moving.
What is speed and its formula?
Speed is a kind of rate; speed = distance ÷ time
What is velocity?
The distance an object moves over a certain amount of time in a certain direction. Any change in speed or direction is a change in velocity.
What is acceleration?
Acceleration is a change in velocity. Acceleration occurs when there is a speeding up, slowing down, or a change in direction.
What is deceleration?
A type of acceleration that means to slow down.
What is a force? Give three examples.
A push or a pull. Examples: gravity, pushing on a bicycle pedal, magnets, etc…
What is friction?
The force that keeps objects from moving against other objects. Resists motion when two objects are in contact with each other.
Give one example that would increase friction, and one example that would decrease friction.
Increase: pressure, texture, speed of motion
Decrease: smooth, rolling motion, lubricants, find powder
What two things make up momentum?
Includes mass and velocity. Can be calculated using mass x velocity.
Who came up with the Laws of Motion and where did he learn about them?
Truths about motion that Isaac Newton wrote from his observations and from the observations of Galileo Galilei.
What is the First Law of Motion state?
An object tends to stay at the same velocity unless another force causes it to change. Or An object at rest or in motion tends to stay that way unless another force acts on it.
What is inertia?
Resistance to a change in motion. It also sums up the effects of the First Law of Motion.
What is gravity? What has gravity?
The pull of one object on another. All objects that have mass have gravity, but only very large objects have any detectable gravity. The larger the object’s mass, the stronger the gravitational pull.
What is mass, and does gravity affect mass?
The amount of matter in an object. Gravity does not change the amount of mass in an object.
What is weight, and does gravity affect weight?
The description of gravitational pull on an object. The weight of a certain amount of mass can change even though the mass doesn’t change. Example is weight on the moon vs. on the earth.
What is the Second Law of Motion?
The amount of force needed to move an object is directly related to the object’s mass and acceleration. F = MA or F = M x A
What is the Third Law of Motion?
For every action force there is an equal and opposite reaction force. Forces occur in pairs.
