Untitled Deck Flashcards
What were the contributions of Phillipe Pinel?
Pinel is known for his humane treatment of the mentally ill and the classification of mental disorders.
What were the contributions of Emil Kraepelin?
Kraepelin is recognized for his work on the classification of mental disorders and the introduction of the concept of manic-depressive illness.
What is the medical model?
The medical model views mental disorders as diseases that require diagnosis and treatment.
What is the biopsychosocial model?
The biopsychosocial model considers biological, psychological, and social factors in understanding mental disorders.
What are the criteria used to classify behavior as maladaptive?
Criteria include impairment in functioning, distress to self or others, and violation of social norms.
What are the limits of the maladaptive criteria?
Limits include cultural differences, subjective interpretations of behavior, and the potential for stigmatization.
What are the main diagnostic criteria provided by the DSM?
The DSM provides specific criteria for diagnosis including symptoms, duration, and impact on functioning.
What is a summary of the usefulness and limitations of the DSM?
The DSM is useful for providing a standardized classification of mental disorders but has limitations regarding cultural sensitivity and potential for over-diagnosis.
What are examples of stigmatization and self-fulfilling prophecies in mental health?
Examples include negative stereotypes about mental illness leading to discrimination and individuals internalizing these stereotypes.
What are the pros and cons of applying labels for mental health conditions?
Pros include clarity and access to treatment; cons include stigma and loss of individuality.
What were the results of Rosenhan’s ‘Being sane in insane places’ study?
The study revealed that sane individuals could not be distinguished from the insane in psychiatric settings.
True or False: People with mental illnesses pose a risk of violence to society.
False. Most people with mental illnesses are not violent and are more likely to be victims of violence.
What are the characteristics of Cluster A personality disorders?
Cluster A includes odd or eccentric behaviors, such as paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personality disorders.
What are the characteristics of Cluster B personality disorders?
Cluster B involves dramatic, emotional, or erratic behaviors, including antisocial, borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic personality disorders.
What are the characteristics of Cluster C personality disorders?
Cluster C includes anxious or fearful behaviors, such as avoidant, dependent, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders.
What are the characteristics of dissociative disorders?
Dissociative disorders involve disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception.
What is the debate over the legitimacy of ‘multiple personality disorder’?
The debate centers on whether it is a genuine disorder or a cultural phenomenon influenced by therapy.
What are the features of generalized anxiety disorder?
Features include excessive worry, restlessness, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating.
What are the clinical features of depression?
Clinical features include persistent sadness, loss of interest, changes in appetite, and sleep disturbances.
What are the neurological features of depression?
Neurological features include alterations in neurotransmitter levels, particularly serotonin and norepinephrine.
What are the diagnostic characteristics of bipolar disorder?
Diagnostic characteristics include mood swings between manic and depressive episodes.
What are the diagnostic characteristics of schizophrenia?
Characteristics include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, and negative symptoms.
Differentiate between delusions and hallucinations.
Delusions are false beliefs; hallucinations are false sensory perceptions.
Differentiate positive from negative symptoms in schizophrenia.
Positive symptoms include excesses like hallucinations; negative symptoms include deficits like lack of motivation.
