Untitled Deck Flashcards
Describe the Progressive Movement and its goals.
The Progressive Movement was a broad reform movement from the 1890s to the 1920s aimed at addressing issues created by industrialization, urbanization, immigration, and political corruption. Progressives, primarily middle-class reformers, believed that government should actively intervene to solve social and economic problems.
What social problems are associated with industrial capitalism during the Progressive Era.
Social problems of industrial capitalism included child labor, poor working conditions, urban poverty and slums, political corruption, and unsafe consumer products.
How did the 17th Amendment address corruption in the election of US Senators?
The 17th Amendment, ratified in 1913, established the direct election of Senators, which aimed to reduce corruption by preventing state legislatures from being bribed to seat Senators favorable to big business.
Define the role of Political Bosses and Political Machines in urban governance during the Progressive Era.
Political Bosses ran cities at the local level, exchanging favors for votes, while Political Machines were groups that enforced the agendas of these bosses through violence and by withholding government services.
Explain the significance of muckraking journalism in the Progressive Era.
Muckraking journalism was a form of investigative journalism that exposed corruption and social problems, leading to public awareness and reforms. Notable muckrakers included Lincoln Steffens and Upton Sinclair, whose work resulted in significant legislation like the Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act.
Describe the impact of Upton Sinclair’s ‘The Jungle’ on food safety regulations.
Upton Sinclair’s ‘The Jungle’ exposed unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry, which directly led to the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act in 1906.
What were the characteristics of labor unions during the Progressive Era?
Labor unions during the Progressive Era were often segregated by sex, religion, race, and class, reflecting the broader social divisions of the time.
Identify the notable muckraker who exposed municipal corruption.
Lincoln Steffens was a notable muckraker who exposed municipal corruption during the Progressive Era.
How did Dr. Wiley’s Poison Squad contribute to food safety reforms?
Dr. Wiley’s Poison Squad conducted experiments that highlighted the dangers of unsafe food products, creating the political climate and scientific basis necessary for the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act.
Discuss the conditions that led to urban poverty and slums during the Progressive Era.
Urban poverty and slums during the Progressive Era were exacerbated by rapid industrialization and urbanization, which resulted in overcrowded living conditions, inadequate housing, and a lack of social services.
Describe the major victories of unions during the Progressive Era.
Unions achieved significant victories such as the introduction of a 40-hour workweek and the end of child labor.
Explain the significance of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire.
The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire in 1911 was a pivotal incident that led to massive labor reforms, resulting in the deaths of almost 200 young female workers who were locked inside the factory.
Define the ‘Square Deal’ and its key policies.
The ‘Square Deal’ was Theodore Roosevelt’s program aimed at improving conditions in the U.S., focusing on trust-busting, consumer protection, and conservation of natural resources.
How did Theodore Roosevelt extend American influence in Latin America?
Theodore Roosevelt extended American influence in Latin America through the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, claiming the right to exercise ‘international police power’ in the Western Hemisphere.
Do you know the key developments during Woodrow Wilson’s presidency?
Key developments during Woodrow Wilson’s presidency included the establishment of a federal income tax through the 16th Amendment, the creation of the Federal Reserve System, and the passage of the Clayton Antitrust Act.
Explain the impact of the Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU).
The Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) was the largest women’s organization with 150,000 members, advocating for women’s rights and social reforms, including the prohibition of alcohol.
Describe the role of the Settlement House Movement.
The Settlement House Movement began in London, England, and aimed to provide social services and education to the urban poor, promoting community development and social reform.
What was the outcome of Woodrow Wilson’s stroke in 1919?
In 1919, Woodrow Wilson suffered a debilitating stroke that incapacitated him, but it was kept a secret while he remained in office.
Describe the role of Jane Addams in the Settlement House movement.
Jane Addams founded Hull House in Chicago in 1889, which became the most famous Settlement House, providing education, childcare, food, shelter, and other services to poor immigrants.
Explain the significance of Margaret Sanger’s work in the Birth Control Movement.
Margaret Sanger believed that controlling family size was essential to ending women’s poverty. She opened the first birth control clinic in Brooklyn in 1916 and faced prosecution under obscenity laws, but charges were dropped due to public outcry.
How did Emma Goldman contribute to various social movements in the early 20th century?
Emma Goldman was a radical anarchist and journalist who fled persecution in the Russian Empire. She was involved in the labor movement, women’s movement, and anti-war movement, and was deported to the Soviet Union in 1919 for her activism against the draft.
Do you know the percentage of female employment in office work and as telephone operators by 1920?
By 1920, office work and telephone operators accounted for 25% of female employment.
Define the impact of women’s wartime industrial work during WWI on the suffrage movement.
Women’s wartime industrial work during WWI strengthened arguments for suffrage by demonstrating women’s contributions to society, as men were forced to recognize women as valuable members of the workforce.
Explain the significance of the 19th Amendment in the context of women’s suffrage.
The 19th Amendment, ratified in 1920, granted women the right to vote, marking a significant victory for the women’s suffrage movement.
How did World War I affect the women’s suffrage movement?
World War I helped the women’s suffrage movement by showcasing women’s contributions to the nation, but it also created a divide between anti-war and pro-war women, which damaged the movement.
Describe the significance of the sinking of the Lusitania in 1915.
The sinking of the Lusitania was significant as it involved a German submarine sinking a British passenger ship, resulting in the deaths of 128 Americans, which contributed to the U.S. entering World War I.
Explain the purpose of the Zimmermann Telegram.
The Zimmermann Telegram was a German proposal for Mexico to attack the United States in exchange for the return of lost territories, serving as a key factor in the U.S. decision to enter the war.
Define Wilson’s Fourteen Points.
Wilson’s Fourteen Points was a plan proposed by President Woodrow Wilson for peace after World War I, emphasizing self-determination for nations, the creation of the League of Nations, freedom of the seas, and reduction of armaments.
How did the Espionage and Sedition Acts impact civil liberties during the war?
The Espionage and Sedition Acts limited free speech and criminalized criticism of the government during wartime, significantly impacting civil liberties.
Do you know the role of the Committee on Public Information during World War I?
The Committee on Public Information was a government agency that created propaganda to promote the war effort and influence public opinion.
Explain the function of the War Industries Board.
The War Industries Board coordinated private manufacturing to ensure that the production of war materials met the needs of the military during World War I.
Describe the Great Migration and its social impact.
The Great Migration was the mass movement of African Americans from the South to northern industrial cities, significantly impacting demographics and labor in the United States during and after World War I.
