Untitled Deck Flashcards
What are the classifications of movement skills?
Fundamental movement skills, sport-specific skills, open skills, closed skills, gross skills, fine skills, discrete skills, serial skills, continuous skills
Skills are activities requiring voluntary movement to achieve a goal.
Define fine motor skills.
Precise movements involving small muscle groups and a balance of touch and control.
Examples include darts throw, archery shot, and golf put.
Define gross motor skills.
Movements involving large muscle groups resulting in coordinated actions with little precision.
Examples include kicking a football and performing a somersault.
What are discrete skills?
Single movements with a distinct start and finish.
Examples include Olympic shooting and a chest pass.
What are serial skills?
A series of discrete skills put together.
Examples include a gymnastic routine and dodging an opponent in football.
What are continuous skills?
Skills that flow and have no definite beginning or end.
Examples include running and swimming.
Define closed motor skills.
Skills performed in a constant, predictable, self-paced environment.
Examples include a basketball free throw and darts throw.
Define open motor skills.
Skills performed in a constantly changing, unpredictable, externally paced environment.
Examples include surfing and basketball.
What is a constraint in motor skill development?
Any factor that influences an individual’s ability to learn and perform a skill.
Constraints can be individual, environmental, or task-related.
What are individual constraints?
Cognitive ability, size, and strength of the individual.
These factors impact the ability to perform a skill.
What are environmental constraints?
Conditions such as noise and weather that affect skill performance.
These constraints influence the ability to perform a skill.
What are task constraints?
Rules, equipment, playing area, and number of people involved in a skill.
Modifications in these areas can impact skill performance.
How does participation influence motor skill development?
Increased participation leads to more practice opportunities and coaching, enhancing motor skill development and performance.
This cycle increases enjoyment and motivation.
What are the principles of qualitative movement analysis (QMA)?
Preparation, observation, evaluation, and error correction.
Each principle plays a role in analyzing and improving performance.
What is the purpose of the preparation stage in QMA?
To gather information about the skill, performer, and observation details.
This stage sets the foundation for effective analysis.
What occurs during the observation stage of QMA?
The skill is recorded or measured by watching the performer and collecting applicable data.
This data is organized for the evaluation stage.
What does the evaluation stage of QMA involve?
Judging the quality of performance and identifying problems.
This can be done objectively or subjectively.
What is error correction in QMA?
Using identified strengths and weaknesses to improve performance.
It includes feedback and modified practice.
What characterizes direct coaching approaches?
Rigid structure, frequent feedback, and explicit instruction from coaches.
This approach is suitable for cognitive learners.
What are constraints-based coaching approaches?
Methods that shape a learner’s movement patterns, cognition, and decision-making through modified constraints.
Coaches frequently modify task constraints.
What are sociocultural factors that influence skill development?
Family, peers, community, gender, socio-economic status, cultural beliefs/traditions.
These factors can have positive or negative impacts on practice opportunities.
What are the three stages of learning?
Cognitive, associative, and autonomous stages.
Each stage has distinct characteristics and learning focuses.
Describe the cognitive stage of learning.
Beginners mentally comprehend movement requirements, ask questions, and have inconsistent performance.
Rapid improvement is typical in this stage.
Describe the associative stage of learning.
Refining technique, making fewer errors, and focusing on external stimuli.
Performers can detect and correct some errors.
