Untitled Deck Flashcards
what is the formula for calculating volume?
volume = dose / conc
what is meant by a 1:5 dilution?
1 part drug to 4 parts solution
what does dilution w/ equal volume mean?
same volume as already used i.e. double the existing vol
which concentration should be used when calculating the diluted volume?
the diluted conc
what is the formula used to calculate rate (volume per time)?
rate (volume per time) = dose per time / conc
what is the formula used to calculate rate?
rate = dose / time
what does percentage mean?
Xg in 100mls
what does 1:100 mean?
1g in 100mls
what do ratios mean?
g in mls
how do you calculate how much more patients are allowed?
calculate max dose and then subtract how much the pt has already had to determine how much more can be given
how much Na is in Na Cl 0.9% 1000mls?
150 mmol Na
how much K is in K Cl 0.3% 1000mls?
40 mmol K
how much K is in K Cl 0.15% 1000mls?
20 mmol K
what fluid prescription should be given for emergency resuscitation?
Na Cl 0.9% 500ml over 10 mins
what fluid prescription should be given for emergency hypoglycaemia?
glucose 20% 100ml over 15 mins
what fluid prescription should be given for emergency hypokalaemia?
Na Cl 0.9% / K Cl 0.3% 1000ml over 4 hrs (fast bag)
what fluid prescription should be given for emergency hyercalcaemia?
Na Cl 0.9% 1000ml over 4 hrs (fast bag)
what fluid prescription should be given for maintenance fluids w/out deficits or losses?
25-30 ml / kg / 24 hr water
1mmol / kg / 24 hr Na
1 mmol / kg / 24 hr K
50 - 100g / 24 hr glucose
aim for 1000mls over 8-12 hrs
what fluid prescription should be given for maintainance fluids w/ deficits or losses (e.g. vomiting and diarrhoea)?
30 ml / kg / 24 hr water
ensure electrolytes are replaced
aim for 1000mls over 4-6 hrs (faster bag)
how quickly can K be replaced?
no faster than 10 mmol / hr
which electrolyte needs to be replaced exactly?
K (Na doesn’t need to be as strict)
what are the clinical indicators that a pt needs emergency resuscitation?
low BP
prolonged CRT
high HR
what is the management of hypertension in pregnancy?
stop ACEi / ARB and start labetolol
what is given to pts who have eclampsia?
75mg of aspirin every day from 12 wks until birth
what is the management of eclampsia?
magnesium sulphate until 24hrs after birth or the last seizure
what is the reversal agent for magnesium sulphate?
calcium gluconate
what is the management of high cholesterol in pregnancy?
bile acid sequestrates (statins are contraindicated)
what is used for rapid relief of SOB in pulmonary oedema?
furosemide 50mg IV
