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PMLS 2 > Untitled Deck > Flashcards

Untitled Deck Flashcards

1
Q

Basal State

A

When the patient has fasted and not excersiced in 12 hours

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2
Q

12 hours

A

Fasting time of basal state

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3
Q

Age, gender, conditions of the body that cannot be eliminated

A

Basal state is influenced by?

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4
Q

True

A

True or False: RBC and WBC is higher in newborns

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5
Q

False: Kidney function decrease with age

A

True or False: Kidney function remains the same as you get older

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6
Q

False: It is elevated in higher altitude

A

True or False: RBC count is elevated in lower altitude

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7
Q

RBCs, Enzymes, Iron, Ca, Na

A

hemoconcentration

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8
Q

Lipids

A

increase with ingestion of fatty foods

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9
Q

Electrolytes

A

altered by drinking excessive water

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10
Q

Ammonia, Urea

A

increase in patients on high-protein diets

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11
Q

Glucose

A

increase with the ingestion of carbohydrates

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12
Q

FBS, Glucose tolerance test, Trigylcerides and lipid panel, Gastrin, Insulin, Aldosterone and renin, Electrolytes

A

7 tests that requires fasting

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13
Q

Melatonin

A

It increase at night and decrease during day

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14
Q

Renin and TSH

A

Peak levels in predawn hours of the morning during sleep

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15
Q

Cortisol levels

A

Peak later in the morning around 8 am

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16
Q

Aldosterone, Bilirubin, Cortisol, Hemoglobin, Insulin, Iron, Potassium, Testosterone, and RBCS

A

9 variables that exhibit Diurnal variation with highest levels in the morning

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17
Q

Chemotherapy drugs

A

can cause a decrease in blood cells, especially WBCs and platelets

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18
Q

Steroids and Diuretics

A

Increase amylase and lipase

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19
Q

Arterial pH and PCO2

A

the levels of this variables are reduced during exercise

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20
Q

Glucose

A

the levels of this variable can be elevated by moderate muscular activity

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21
Q

Potassium

A

increased in plasma during exercise

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22
Q

CK and LDH

A

these are increased by exercise

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23
Q

Fever

A

increases hormones insulin, and glucagon as well as cortisol

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24
Q

Intramuscular Injection

A

increases levels of CK and the skeletal muscle fraction of LDH

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25
Icteric
deep yellow to yellow-brown color of serum or plasma
26
Supine position
causes blood fluids to filter into the tissues, decreasing plasma volume
27
Pregnancy
this variable can cause lower RBC counts
28
Smoking
this variable increased cholesterol, cortisol, glucose, growth hormone, and triglyceride levels, and WBC counts
29
Chronic smoking
decreased pulmonary function and increased RBC counts and hemoglobin levels
30
Stress
increases WBC counts and decrease serum iron levels
31
ACTH, Catecholamine, Cortisol
increased during stress
32
Hemoconcentration
Temperature and humidity is a variable that can cause?
33
Incorrect test ordered, Inadequate patient preparation, Misidentification of Patient
3 errors before collection
34
Wrong container/additive, Short draws/wrong anticoagulant/Blood ratio, Prolonged tourniquet time, Hemolysis
4 errors during collection
35
Inadequate mixing/clots, Mislabeling of specimen, Improper transport, Processing error
4 errors after collection
36
Impaired circulation
problem that occur in healed burn sites & areas with extensive scarring
37
Painful; susceptible to infection
problem that occur in new burned areas
38
Impaired circulation, susceptible to infections, contains dyes that interfere with testing
reason why tattooed areas is not used in venipuncture
39
Sclerosed
hardened
40
thrombosed
clotted
41
Damaged veins
hard and cord-like; occluded or obstructed
42
Edema
may yield inaccurate test results
43
Veins are harder to locate
Why is edema a problem site?
44
Tissue is fragile and easily injured
Why is edema a problem site? (2)
45
Hematoma
a solid swelling of clotted blood within the tissues.
46
Mastectomy
surgical removal of a breast; susceptible to swelling and infection
47
Obesity
Veins may be deep and difficulty to find
48
Cephalic vein
Vein used in obese patients
49
Vascular Access Device
tube inserted into a vein or artery; Ready access to the patient's circulation
50
Administer fluids, draw blood, central venous pressure reading
eliminating multiple phlebotomies uses in vascular access device
51
True
True or False: Never use tourniquet or perform venipuncture on an arm with VAD
52
Arterial line
monitoring device consisting of a catheter that is inserted into an artery and attached to an electronic monitoring system. used to measure blood pressure or obtain blood samples. considered more accurate than traditional measures of blood pressure and does not require repeated needle punctures
53
AV fistula
surgical procedure that fuses vein and artery
54
False
True or False: Apply a blood pressure cuff or tourniquet or perform a venipuncture on a patient with shunt
55
Hep lock
Administering medication/drawing blood and flushed with heparin or saline to keep it from clotting
56
5 ml discard tube
how many mL should be drawn first on a hep lock?
57
IV sites
Thin plastic or catheter, inserted in a vein to administer fluids
58
Capillary Puncture
What to use if both IVs in arms are not available?
59
24 to 48 hours
How many hours should blood not be collected from a known previous IV site?
60
Blood Sampling Device
A needleless closed blood sampling device is sometimes connected to an arterial or central venous catheter
61
CVAD
Indwelling line; tubing insterted into a main vein or artery used primarily for administering fluids and medications, monitoring pressures, and drawing blood.
62
A CVC or central line
Line inserted into a large vein such as subclavian vein and advanced into the superior vena cava
63
Implanted port
surgically implanted disk-shaped chamber attached to the indwelling line
64
fainting (syncope)
temporary reduction of blood flow to the brain.
65
Vasovagal syncope
Sudden faintness or loss of consciousness, due to a nervous system response to abrupt pain, stress, or trauma.
66
petechiae
tiny, non-raised red spots that appear on the patient's skin when a tourniquet is applied
67
hematoma formation
most common complication; swelling or mass of blood thay can be caused by leaking from a blood vessel
68
Iatrogenic Anemia
anemia caused by excessive blood draws
69
Inadvertent Arterial Puncture
deep or blind probing in the area of the basilic vein
70
Reflux
backward flow
71
Hemoconcentration
A decrease in the fluid content of the blood (plasma), resulting in an increase concentration. This is determined by an increase in the hematocrit. Caused by a filtration of plasma into the body tissue and often created by dehydration
72
Hemolysis
destruction of red blood cells
73
Collapsed vein
This may be due to excessive pull from the vacuum tube; use of a smaller vacuum tube may remedy the situation.
74
Vein disappears as soon as the tube is engaged or when the tourniquet is removed
Clue that a vein has collapsed?
75
True
True or False: Fragile veins collapse more easily

PMLS 2 (1 decks)

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