Untitled Deck Flashcards
Theorist who divided the mind into the conscious ego, personal unconscious, and collective unconscious.
Carl Jung.
Archetypes are universal, primordial images and ideas.
Theorist who emphasized social interest as a primary source of motivation.
Alfred Adler.
Social tasks involve creating friendships and social networks.
Theorist known for theories on culture and feminism and the concept of ‘tyranny of the should’.
Karen Horney.
The goal of psychoanalysis is to accept one’s Real Self, not to achieve the Ideal Self.
Focus of object relations theories.
Focus on how children come to think about and represent others in their own minds and the importance of early relationships, especially with the mother.
Key names: Melanie Klein, Heinz Kohut, Margaret Mahler.
Theorist who propagated that identity formation is a lifelong process.
Erik Erikson.
Scientist whose theory of evolution influenced the study of personality.
Charles Darwin.
Four basic aspects of temperament.
Emotionality, Activity, Sociability, and Impulsivity.
Method used to discover genetic influences on personality.
Twin studies.
Neurotransmitters linked to personality.
Dopamine (sensation seeking), Serotonin (impulsivity/conscientiousness), Norepinephrine (alertness/reward seeking).
Behaviorist who rejected internal traits and believed people are controlled by their environments.
B.F. Skinner.
Personality is the result of reinforcement history.
Behaviorist who studied observable behavior and rejected introspection.
John Watson.
Famous for work on conditioned fear.
Theorist who emphasized experimentation and the nature of habits.
Clark Hull.
Habits are associations between a stimulus and a response.
Theorists who combined psychoanalytic insights with experimental findings.
Dollard and Miller.
A learned hierarchy of the likelihood that a person will produce particular responses in particular situations.
Theorist who claimed ‘every man is, in his own particular way, a scientist’.
George Kelly.
Each person has their own system of constructs to understand and predict behavior.
Social learning theorist who developed the locus of control concept.
Julian Rotter.
Theorist known for work on observational learning and self-efficacy.
Albert Bandura.
People can learn by watching others perform a behavior.
Theorist who identified thousands of personality adjectives and emphasized the uniqueness of the individual.
Gordon Allport.
Traits render many stimuli functionally equivalent and guide equivalent forms of behavior.
Theorist who used factor analysis to identify 16 basic personality traits.
Raymond Cattell.
Used Q-data, T-data, and L-data.
Psychologist associated with the ‘Big Three’.
Hans Eysenck.
Researcher associated with the ‘Big Five’.
Paul Costa Jr..
Researcher associated with the ‘Big Five’.
Robert McCrae.
Researcher associated with the ‘Big Five’.
Lewis Goldberg.
Theorist who studied human motivation.
Henry Murray.
Humanistic theorist who emphasized love to overcome isolation.
Erich Fromm.
Humanistic psychologist who developed person-centered therapy and emphasized the importance of genuineness, acceptance, and empathy.
Carl Rogers.
Humanistic psychologist known for his theory of self-actualization and the hierarchy of needs.
Abraham Maslow.
Psychiatrist who emphasized the importance of interpersonal relationships and chumship in forming identity.
Harry Stack Sullivan.
Theorist who defined personality as the study of human lives across time, emphasizing the interaction of individuals and situations.
Henry Murray.
A typical combination of needs and presses.
Conducted a longitudinal study on bright California schoolchildren.
Lewis Terman.
Researchers who proposed the idea of Type A behavior pattern and its link to coronary heart disease.
Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenman.
A key idea is that much of American psychology is based on the study of WEIRD societies.
Henrich, Heine, and Norenzayan.
