Untitled Deck Flashcards
What should be investigated in premenopausal women with new onset hyperandrogenism?
Investigate for adrenal or ovarian source. Therefore, abdominal CT would be the next step.
What indicates an adrenal source in hyperandrogenism?
An increase in DHEAS with elevated testosterone.
What is the next diagnostic test after finding elevated DHEAS and testosterone?
Adrenal vein sampling.
What is the first imaging test for hyperandrogenism if testosterone is greater than 150?
Pelvic ultrasonography.
What is the second imaging test for hyperandrogenism?
Pelvic MRI to detect small ovarian source.
What does the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommend for lung cancer screening?
Annual low-dose CT screening for those aged 50 to 80 with at least a 20-pack-year smoking history.
What is the recommendation of the American Cancer Society regarding lung cancer screening?
Screen all former smokers who meet the criteria regardless of when they last smoked.
What is the benefit of alteplase administration within 3 hours of ischemic stroke onset?
It is associated with a significant reduction in disability at 3 months.
What does the American College of Rheumatology recommend regarding biologic medications before elective hip and knee arthroplasty?
Biologic medications should be withheld as close to one dosing cycle as scheduling permits before surgery.
When should nonbiologic DMARDs be continued?
Throughout the perioperative period.
What does the 2014 ACC/AHA guideline state about β-blocker therapy in the perioperative period?
Patients on β-blocker therapy should continue it to avoid rebound tachycardia and dysrhythmias.
When is preoperative initiation of β-blockers recommended?
For patients with a Revised Cardiac Risk Index score of 3 or more without contraindications.
What characterizes monoclonal gammopathy of underdetermined significance (MGUS)?
An M protein level less than 3 g/dL and clonal plasma cells comprising less than 10% of the bone marrow.
What is the risk of progression for patients with MGUS with an M protein spike less than 1.5 g/dL?
Low risk of progression (5% over 20 years).
How often do patients with MGUS undergo follow-up?
Initially at 6 months and then yearly if stable.
What are the features of hepatopulmonary syndrome?
Orthodeoxia and platypnea.
How can hepatopulmonary syndrome be confirmed?
Echocardiography with contrast.
What is esmolol used for?
To rapidly lower blood pressure in patients with hypertensive emergency and aortic dissection.
What is the target systolic blood pressure in adults with a compelling condition during the first hour?
Reduce to <140 mm Hg.
What is the target systolic blood pressure in aortic dissection?
Reduce to <120 mm Hg.
