Untitled Deck

Question 1

How do atoms become ions?

Answer 1

Atoms become ions when they gain or lose electrons. Gaining electrons creates a negative charge (anion), and losing electrons creates a positive charge (cation).

Question 2

What is the difference between a Cation and an Anion?

Answer 2

A cation is a positively charged ion, and an anion is a negatively charged ion.

Question 3

What is a period in the periodic table?

Answer 3

A period is a horizontal row on the periodic table.

Question 4

What is fission and fusion?

Answer 4

Fission splits a larger atom into smaller atoms. Fusion combines smaller atoms to form a larger one.

Question 5

How does Schrödinger’s quantum model describe the atom?

Answer 5

Schrödinger’s model describes electrons as existing in probability clouds (orbitals) rather than fixed orbits, with wave-like properties.

Question 6

What is the Rutherford model of the atom?

Answer 6

Rutherford’s model states that electrons surround the nucleus and revolve around it in circular paths (orbits).

Question 7

What are the four regions of the periodic table and their locations?

Answer 7

Region 1: Alkali/Alkaline Earth Metals (Groups 1-2, leftmost)
Region 2: Transition Metals (Groups 3-12, middle)
Region 3: Metalloids (diagonal line between metals and nonmetals)
Region 4: Nonmetals (rightmost)

Question 8

Where are the largest elements found on the periodic table?

Answer 8

The largest elements are found in the bottom left corner of the periodic table.

Question 9

How do valence electrons relate to group numbers?

Answer 9

The number of valence electrons equals the group number of the element.

Question 10

What is the typical charge of elements in each group on the periodic table?

Answer 10

Alkali Metals: +1
Alkaline Earth Metals: +2
Transition Metals: Varies
Nonmetals (Group 15): -3
Nonmetals (Group 16): -2
Halogens: -1
Noble Gases: 0

Question 11

What are the groups and families on the periodic table?

Answer 11

Groups 1-18 include alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, metalloids, halogens, noble gases, and more.

Question 12

What is the danger/penetrating ability of alpha particles?

Answer 12

Alpha particles have low penetrating ability and can be stopped by paper.

Question 13

What is the danger/penetrating ability of gamma particles?

Answer 13

Gamma particles have high penetrating ability and can be stopped by lead.

Question 14

What is the danger/penetrating ability of beta particles?

Answer 14

Beta particles have medium penetrating ability and can be stopped by metal.

Question 15

What does a gas particle picture look like?

Answer 15

Gas particles are spread out and move freely.

Question 16

What does a liquid particle picture look like?

Answer 16

Liquid particles are close together but can move past each other.

Question 17

What does a solid particle picture look like?

Answer 17

Solid particles are tightly packed and vibrate in place.

Question 18

What quantity is represented by ‘Kilo’?

Answer 18

Kilo represents 1000.

Question 19

What quantity is represented by ‘Centi’?

Answer 19

Centi represents 1/100.

Question 20

What quantity is represented by ‘Milli’?

Answer 20

Milli represents 1/1000.

Question 21

What quantity is represented by ‘Hecto’?

Answer 21

Hecto represents 100.

Question 22

What quantity is represented by ‘Deka’?

Answer 22

Deka represents 10.

Question 23

What quantity is represented by ‘Deci’?

Answer 23

Deci represents 1/10.

Question 24

Define density.

Answer 24

Density is the measure of how tightly matter is packed together.

Question 25

Define mass.

Answer 25

Mass is the amount of matter in an object.

Question 26

Define volume.

Answer 26

Volume is the amount of space occupied by a sample of matter.

Question 27

Define pressure.

Answer 27

Pressure is the force exerted per unit area.

Question 28

What is the relationship between pressure and volume?

Answer 28

Pressure and volume have an inverse relationship: As pressure increases, volume decreases.

Question 29

What is the relationship between temperature and volume?

Answer 29

Temperature and volume have a direct relationship: As temperature increases, volume increases.

Question 30

What is the relationship between particles and volume?

Answer 30

The number of particles and volume are directly related: More particles = more pressure.

Question 31

What is the relationship between temperature and pressure?

Answer 31

Temperature and pressure have a direct relationship: Higher temperature = higher pressure.

Question 32

In which type of decay does the atomic number decrease by 2 and the mass number decrease by 4?

Answer 32

Alpha decay.

Question 33

What type of decay emits electrons?

Answer 33

Beta decay.

Question 34

What type of decay emits Helium?

Answer 34

Alpha decay.

Question 35

What type of decay is emitted without change?

Answer 35

Gamma decay.

Question 36

What causes pressure in a container?

Answer 36

Pressure is caused by the collision of gas particles with the walls of the container.

Question 37

How can the pressure inside a balloon (flexible container) be increased?

Answer 37

Decreasing the volume increases particle collisions, raising pressure.

Question 38

How can the pressure inside a metal can (rigid container) be increased?

Answer 38

Increasing the temperature makes particles move faster, leading to more collisions and higher pressure.