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Ag science > Untitled Deck > Flashcards

Untitled Deck Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Latin name for potatoes?

A

Solanum tuberosum

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2
Q

What family do potatoes belong to?

A

Solanaceae

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3
Q

What is the average potato consumption per person in Ireland?

A

85kg per person

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4
Q

How many hectares of potatoes are planted on average in Ireland each year?

A

About 9,000 hectares per year

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5
Q

What percentage of potato production in Ireland is concentrated in Meath, Dublin, Donegal, Cork, and Louth?

A

80%

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6
Q

What is the first stage of the potato growth cycle?

A

Sprout development

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7
Q

What occurs during the vegetative growth stage of potatoes?

A

The green material of the plant grows, and photosynthesis begins.

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8
Q

What happens during the maturation stage of potato growth?

A

Leaves turn yellow, photosynthesis decreases, and tuber growth decreases.

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9
Q

What are the three classifications of potato types based on harvesting time?

A

First early, second early, maincrop

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10
Q

What are salad potatoes characterized by?

A

Small and quick to cook, supplied from August to December.

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11
Q

What are the advantages of certified seed potatoes?

A

High percentage germination, better rates of establishment, higher yield, fewer weeds, fewer pests and diseases.

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12
Q

What is the main disadvantage of certified seed potatoes?

A

They can be expensive and must be bought every 2-3 years.

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13
Q

What is the recommended pH for potato cultivation?

A

5.5 - 6.0

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14
Q

What is chitting in potato cultivation?

A

Encouraging seed potatoes to sprout to 1cm before planting.

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15
Q

What is the main disease affecting potatoes in Ireland?

A

Potato blight (Phytophthora infestans)

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16
Q

What is the primary control method for potato blight?

A

Fungicide application

17
Q

What is the effect of excess nitrogen on potato crops?

A

It can cause delayed maturity and increased vulnerability to disease.

18
Q

What are the main pests affecting potato crops?

A

Potato cyst eelworms, slugs, wireworms, and aphids.

19
Q

What is the process of earthing up in potato cultivation?

A

Mounding the soil further up the growing haulm.

20
Q

What should be done to haulms before harvesting potatoes?

A

They must be desiccated 3 weeks prior to harvest.

21
Q

What is the ideal storage condition for potatoes?

A

Cool and dry conditions.

22
Q

What can cause bruised and damaged tubers?

A

Worn and sharp edges on machinery parts.

23
Q

What is the expected yield for maincrop potatoes?

A

30-40 tonnes per hectare.

24
Q

What is a risk associated with allowing potatoes to drop?

A

Allowing potatoes to drop in height in excess of 20cm can cause damage.

25
Q

What conditions are necessary for potato storage?

A

Potatoes need to be stored cool and dry.

26
Q

Why is ventilation important in potato storage?

A

Ventilation in the storage shed is important to maintain quality.

27
Q

What is a safety concern for farm workers during harvest?

A

Farm workers are tired and working hard with dangerous machinery.

28
Q

What can be sprayed on potatoes to prevent sprouting?

A

Inhibitors can be sprayed on potatoes to prevent sprouting.

29
Q

What should be ensured regarding machinery during harvest?

A

Ensure all machinery is in good working condition.

30
Q

What should you avoid doing while a harvester is in operation?

A

Do not walk behind the harvester while it is in operation.

31
Q

What protective equipment should be worn when handling chemicals?

A

Wear PPE when handling chemicals such as sprout inhibitors.

32
Q

How is agricultural biotechnology being applied in potato farming?

A

It is being applied to improve disease resistance and quality.

33
Q

What are the implications of agricultural biotechnology?

A

It has major implications for sustainability.

34
Q

What challenges may agricultural biotechnology help address?

A

It may help with challenges like banned chemicals or climate change.

Ag science (1 decks)

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