Untitled Deck

Question 1

Who were the Puritans?

Answer 1

English Protestants seeking to ‘purify’ the Church of England from Catholic practices, who settled in New England for religious freedom.

Question 2

What are Quakers?

Answer 2

Members of the Religious Society of Friends, advocating pacifism, equality, and simplicity, often settling in Pennsylvania.

Question 3

What was the Middle Passage?

Answer 3

The transatlantic journey of enslaved Africans to the Americas, characterized by inhumane conditions.

Question 4

What was the Enlightenment?

Answer 4

An intellectual movement emphasizing reason, science, and individual rights, influencing colonial thought.

Question 5

What was the Great Awakening?

Answer 5

A series of religious revivals in the 18th century emphasizing emotional connections to faith and individual salvation.

Question 6

What was the French and Indian War?

Answer 6

Conflict between Britain and France (1754-1763) over North American territory, leading to British debt and colonial taxes.

Question 7

What is virtual representation?

Answer 7

The British claim that Parliament represented all British subjects, including colonists who did not vote.

Question 8

What was the Second Continental Congress?

Answer 8

Assembly of delegates in 1775 managing the Revolutionary War and adopting the Declaration of Independence.

Question 9

What is the Declaration of Independence?

Answer 9

1776 document asserting colonial freedom from Britain, emphasizing natural rights and grievances.

Question 10

Who were the Loyalists?

Answer 10

Colonists who remained loyal to Britain during the American Revolution.

Question 11

What was the Treaty of Paris 1783?

Answer 11

Agreement ending the Revolutionary War, recognizing U.S. independence and establishing borders.

Question 12

What were the Articles of Confederation?

Answer 12

The first U.S. constitution, emphasizing state sovereignty but lacking central authority.

Question 13

What is republicanism?

Answer 13

Political philosophy advocating government based on elected representatives and the public good.

Question 14

What is popular sovereignty?

Answer 14

Principle that the authority of government derives from the consent of the governed.

Question 15

What is the United States Constitution?

Answer 15

1787 document establishing the framework for U.S. government, balancing federal and state powers.

Question 16

What is the three-fifths clause?

Answer 16

Constitutional provision counting enslaved individuals as three-fifths of a person for representation and taxation.

Question 17

Who were the Federalists?

Answer 17

Advocates for a strong central government and the ratification of the U.S. Constitution.

Question 18

Who were the Antifederalists?

Answer 18

Opponents of the Constitution, favoring state power and individual rights.

Question 19

What is the Bill of Rights?

Answer 19

First ten amendments to the Constitution, protecting individual freedoms and limiting government power.

Question 20

Who were the Democratic-Republicans?

Answer 20

Early political party favoring states’ rights and limited federal government, led by Thomas Jefferson.

Question 21

What was the Louisiana Purchase?

Answer 21

1803 U.S. acquisition of French territory, doubling the nation’s size and fueling westward expansion.

Question 22

What was the Lewis and Clark expedition?

Answer 22

Exploration of the Louisiana Territory (1804-1806), mapping routes and documenting resources.

Question 23

What was the Missouri Compromise?

Answer 23

1820 agreement admitting Missouri as a slave state, Maine as a free state, and banning slavery north of the compromise line.

Question 24

What was the Monroe Doctrine?

Answer 24

1823 policy opposing European intervention in the Americas while asserting U.S. influence in the Western Hemisphere.

Question 25

What were the Lowell mills?

Answer 25

Early 19th-century textile factories in Massachusetts employing young women in regimented working conditions.

Question 26

Who were the Whigs?

Answer 26

Political party opposing Andrew Jackson, advocating modernization, banking, and economic development.

Question 27

Who were the Democrats?

Answer 27

Political party founded by Andrew Jackson, emphasizing states’ rights and individual liberties.

Question 28

What was the Indian Removal Act of 1830?

Answer 28

Legislation authorizing the forced relocation of Native Americans to lands west of the Mississippi River.

Question 29

What was the Trail of Tears?

Answer 29

Forced migration of Cherokee and other tribes, resulting in widespread suffering and death.

Question 30

What are separate spheres?

Answer 30

Ideology defining distinct roles for men (public sphere) and women (domestic sphere) in society.

Question 31

What was the Second Great Awakening?

Answer 31

Religious revival movement (1790s-1840s) promoting individual salvation and reform movements.

Question 32

What is manifest destiny?

Answer 32

Belief that U.S. expansion across North America was inevitable and divinely ordained.

Question 33

What was the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

Answer 33

1848 agreement ending the Mexican-American War, ceding vast territories to the U.S.

Question 34

What is the Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments?

Answer 34

1848 document advocating women’s rights, modeled after the Declaration of Independence.

Question 35

What is the Mason-Dixon Line?

Answer 35

Boundary between Maryland and Pennsylvania symbolizing the division between free and slave states.

Question 36

What is miscegenation?

Answer 36

Interracial relationships or marriage, often stigmatized in 19th-century America.

Question 37

Who were planters?

Answer 37

Wealthy Southern landowners relying on enslaved labor for large-scale agriculture.

Question 38

What is the Republican Party?

Answer 38

Political party founded in 1854 opposing the expansion of slavery into new territories.

Question 39

What was the Dred Scott decision?

Answer 39

1857 Supreme Court ruling denying African Americans citizenship and invalidating restrictions on slavery.

Question 40

What were the Lincoln-Douglas debates?

Answer 40

1858 Illinois Senate debates focusing on slavery’s expansion and states’ rights.

Question 41

What were the Confederate States of America?

Answer 41

Southern states seceding from the Union to form their own government, defending slavery.

Question 42

What was the Battle of Antietam?

Answer 42

1862 Civil War battle resulting in the bloodiest single day of fighting and a Union victory.

Question 43

What was the Emancipation Proclamation?

Answer 43

1863 order by Abraham Lincoln declaring freedom for slaves in Confederate-held territories.

Question 44

What was the Battle of Gettysburg?

Answer 44

1863 turning point in the Civil War, ending Confederate invasions of the North.

Question 45

What was Sherman’s March to the Sea?

Answer 45

1864 military campaign devastating Georgia to weaken the Confederacy’s resources.

Question 46

What was the Civil Rights Act of 1866?

Answer 46

Law granting citizenship and equal rights to African Americans after the Civil War.

Question 47

What is the Fourteenth Amendment?

Answer 47

Constitutional amendment guaranteeing equal protection and citizenship rights.

Question 48

What was the Military Reconstruction Act?

Answer 48

Post-Civil War legislation dividing the South into military districts to enforce Reconstruction.

Question 49

What is the Fifteenth Amendment?

Answer 49

Constitutional amendment granting voting rights regardless of race or previous servitude.

Question 50

What is the Ku Klux Klan?

Answer 50

White supremacist group opposing Reconstruction through violence and intimidation.