Untitled Deck Flashcards
What are the minor calyces?
The part directly in front of the renal papilla.
What are the major calyces?
The merging of 2 or 3 minor calyces.
What is the renal pelvis?
The part where the major calyces drain.
Where is the renal column?
Between two medullary pyramids and is part of the cortex.
What is the renal circulation from the abdominal aorta till the vas efferent?
Abdominal aorta –> Renal artery –> 5 segmental arteries –> lobar arteries –> arcuate arteries –> Interlobular arteries –> Vas afferent –> Glomular capillaries –> Vas efferent.
What is the renal circulation from the vas efferent till the renal vein?
Vas efferent –> Peritubular capillaries –> interlobular veins –> Arcuate veins –> interlobar veins –> Lobar veins –> renal vein.
What are the 5 renal segments?
Anterior view: Apical, anterosuperior, anteroinferior, inferior / Posterior view: Apical, posterior, inferior.
What is nephrolithiasis?
Renal calculi (renal stones).
What is the chemical that forms the renal calculi in nephrolithiasis?
Calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate.
What is renal colic?
Calculi moving and obstructing the ureter.
What is staghorn calculi?
Renal calculi in the greater calices and renal pelvis that looks like the horn of a stag.
What are staghorn calculi made of?
Magnesium ammonium phosphate.
What abnormality in the urine causes the formation of staghorn calculi?
Abnormally high pH.
What causes high urine pH that then causes the staghorn calculi?
Proteus mirabilis.
What is nephroptosis?
The movement of the kidney down when an individual stands up.
What causes nephroptosis?
Sudden loss of the renal fat from high rate of weight loss.
What happens to the ureters in nephroptosis?
They will curve/relax.
What is nephropexy?
The operation that fixes the kidneys to the posterior abdominal wall to treat nephroptosis.
Where is a transplanted kidney placed and what are the vessels that it is connected to?
It is placed in the iliac fossa and is connected to the external iliac vessels.
