Untitled Deck Flashcards
What is Rheumatoid Arthritis?
An autoimmune disease affecting connective tissues in the body, primarily small joints of the hands and feet, but can also affect the elbows and knees.
What is Osteoarthritis?
A degenerative disease that causes wear and tear of joints, related to aging, sports injuries, trauma, obesity, or family history.
What is Osteoporosis?
A condition that causes bones to become porous, weak, and brittle, and is the most common cause of hip fractures.
What is a Simple/Closed Fracture?
A break in a bone that does not puncture the skin.
What is a Compound/Open Fracture?
A break in a bone that pushes through the skin and increases the risk of infection.
What is a Spiral Fracture?
A break in a bone resulting from severe twisting of the bone.
What is a Greenstick Fracture?
An incomplete break in a bone that commonly occurs in children because their bones are softer and more pliable.
What is a Comminuted Fracture?
A bone becomes crushed to the point that it becomes fragmented or splintered.
What is Kyphosis?
An upper portion of the spine that exhibits a posterior curve, producing a humpback or hunchback.
What is Lordosis?
An exaggerated anterior curve of the lower back producing a curve or swayback.
What is Scoliosis?
A lateral left or right curvature of the spine creating an abnormal crooked or bent condition.
What is a saddle joint?
Located at the base of the thumb between metacarpal and carpal bones, allows the thumb to rock up-and-down and side-to-side.
What is a gliding and ellipsoidal joint?
Located in between tarsals, allows for up-and-down, side-to-side, and diagonal movements.
What is a cartilaginous joint?
Located between vertebrae, cartilage disks allow for limited movement.
What is a hinge joint?
Located between phalanges, allowing for the fingers to curl (flexion) and straighten (extension).
What is a cartilaginous joint?
Located between the pubic bones (pubis symphysis), a pad of cartilage.
What is a hinge and pivot joint?
Located between the carpals and the ulna/radius, allows for up-and-down, side-to-side, and diagonal movements.
What is a ball and socket joint?
Located between the head of the femur and acetabulum, allows for the full range of movements - flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction.
What is a fibrous joint?
Sutures of the skull held together by short connective tissue strands creating an immobile joint.
What is a pivot joint?
Located between axis and atlas, allowing the head to turn from left to right.
What is a synovial joint?
A joint cavity lined with a synovial membrane and filled with synovial fluid, which decreases friction and allows for the greatest freedom of movement.
What is a hinge joint?
Found at the knee, allows for flexion and extension.
What is a ball and socket joint?
Located between the head of the humerus and the shoulder girdle (scapula), allows for full range of movements - flexion, extension, adduction, and circumduction.
