Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

life sciences > Untitled Deck > Flashcards

Untitled Deck Flashcards

1
Q

What are ARV drugs?

A

ARV (antiretroviral drugs) decrease viral load and allow the immune system to strengthen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 5 kingdoms of life?

A

The 5 kingdoms of life are Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are pathogens?

A

Pathogens are disease-causing microorganisms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is an infectious disease?

A

An infectious disease is a disease caused by a pathogen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are anaerobic bacteria?

A

Anaerobic bacteria live in the absence of oxygen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are aerobic bacteria?

A

Aerobic bacteria live in the presence of oxygen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is chemosynthesis?

A

Chemosynthesis is the process by which energy is obtained from chemical processes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does parasitic mean?

A

Parasitic organisms obtain food from living organisms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does saprophytic mean?

A

Saprophytic organisms obtain food from dead material.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does mutualistic mean?

A

Mutualistic refers to a symbiotic relationship with other organisms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is phagocytosis?

A

Phagocytosis is the process by which an organism surrounds and engulfs food.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is rhizopus?

A

Rhizopus is a fungus that occurs on food like bread, cake, and fruit.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a thallus?

A

A thallus is a structure with no true roots, stems, and leaves distinguished.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What role does vitamin K play in the human body?

A

Vitamin K plays a role in human blood clotting.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is peripheral neuropathy?

A

Peripheral neuropathy is pain in hands and feet (pins and needles).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a pathogen causing tuberculosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a vector?

A

A vector is an organism (anthropod) that transmits a pathogen from one host to another.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is Plasmodium?

A

Plasmodium is a parasitic disease that causes malaria.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is cerebral malaria?

A

Cerebral malaria is brain damage caused by malaria.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is Candida albicans?

A

Candida albicans is a fungal infection that causes candidiasis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is an immune response?

A

An immune response is the way an organism protects itself against pathogenic viruses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is natural immunity?

A

Natural immunity is immunity present at birth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is acquired immunity?

A

Acquired immunity is immunity developed through exposure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are antigens?

A

Antigens are protein molecules.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What are leucocytes?
Leucocytes are white blood cells.
26
What is immunisation?
Immunisation is the administration of a vaccine to develop immunity to a disease (injection/orally).
27
What are the 4 plant groups?
The 4 plant groups are bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms.
28
What is the gametophyte generation?
The gametophyte generation is sexual and produces gametes.
29
What is the sporophyte generation?
The sporophyte generation is asexual and produces spores.
30
What is a zygote?
A zygote is the beginning of the sporophyte generation.
31
What are stamens?
Stamens are the pollen-producing male reproductive organ of a flower, consisting of an anther and filament.
32
What is a pistil?
The pistil is the female reproductive part of a flower.
33
What are spermatophytes?
Spermatophytes are seed-bearing plants that include flowering and cone-bearing plants.
34
What is self-pollination?
Self-pollination is the transfer of ripe pollen from anther to receptive stigma of the same flower or other flower on the same plant.
35
What is cross-pollination?
Cross-pollination is the transfer of ripe pollen from anther of one flower to the receptive stigma of a flower on another plant.
36
What is a pollinator?
A pollinator is an agent/vector that transfers ripe pollen from an anther to a receptive stigma so that fertilisation may occur.
37
What are invertebrates?
Invertebrates are animals without a vertebral column.
38
What are vertebrates?
Vertebrates are animals with a vertebral column.
39
What is ectoderm?
Ectoderm is the outer germ layer.
40
What is endoderm?
Endoderm is the inner germ layer.
41
What is mesoderm?
Mesoderm is the germ layer in between.
42
What is a coelom?
A coelom is an internal fluid-filled cavity that separates the digestive tract from the body wall.
43
What is an acoelomate?
An acoelomate is an organism with no cavity in the mesoderm.
44
What is a pseudocoelomate?
A pseudocoelomate has a coelom, although it is not surrounded by mesoderm tissue.
45
What is a coelomate?
A coelomate has a true coelom: a cavity in the mesoderm.
46
What is a through gut?
A through gut indicates that digestion is a continuous process; it has a mouth and anus.
47
What is cephalisation?
Cephalisation is the development of an anterior end where the sensory organs and nervous tissue are concentrated, called the head.
48
What is ecology?
Ecology is the study of mutual interaction among living organisms and their environment.
49
What is population ecology?
Population ecology focuses on factors influencing population size, growth rate, and the distribution of individuals inside a population.
50
What does biotic mean?
Biotic refers to living factors.
51
What does abiotic mean?
Abiotic refers to non-living factors.
52
What is carrying capacity?
Carrying capacity is the maximum number of individuals that the environment can sustain.
53
What are density-dependent factors?
Density-dependent factors are factors, such as competition, space, and food, which play a role in high population densities.
54
What is an ecological niche?
An ecological niche is a species-specific role to play in a community.
55
What is the greenhouse effect?
The greenhouse effect is created when radiant energy moves through glass panels and the heat is trapped inside.
56
What is a carbon footprint?
A carbon footprint is the sum of all CO2 emissions from a person's activities.
57
What is water quality?
Water quality refers to the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of water.
58
What is eutrophication?
Eutrophication is a process by which nutrients, particularly phosphorus and nitrogen, become highly concentrated in a body of water, leading to increased growth of organisms such as algae or cyanobacteria.
59
What does fallow mean?
Fallow refers to land that is ploughed but not planted on for one or more seasons.
60
What is reduction of gene pool?
Reduction of gene pool refers to the decrease in the variety of genes by removing undesirable traits.
61
What is sustainable use?
Sustainable use is the use of resources so there is a sufficient supply for future generations.
62
What is solid waste?
Solid waste is solid/semi-solid insoluble material.
63
What is general waste?
General waste doesn't pose an immediate danger or threat to health.
64
What is hazardous waste?
Hazardous waste contains harmful, toxic, and/or explosive substances.
65
What is phytoremediation?
Phytoremediation is the use of green plants to prevent/remove toxic substances from the area.
66
What is mycelium?
Mycelium is all the hyphae of a fungus together.
67
What is an algae bloom?
An algae bloom is a rapid uncontrolled increase in algae growth.
68
What is a hermaphrodite?
A hermaphrodite is an organism that possesses both male and female reproductive organs.
69
What is a haemocoel?
Haemocoel is a blood-filled cavity.
70
What is interspecific competition?
Interspecific competition is competition between members of different species.
71
What is biodiversity?
Biodiversity is the number and variety of different organisms in an area.
72
What are greenhouse gases?
Greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere that absorb heat energy that is reradiated from the earth, causing the atmospheric temperature to increase.
73
What is biological control?
Biological control is the use of living organisms to regulate the numbers of a pest species.
74
What is monoculture?
Monoculture is planting the same crop year after year on the same piece of land.
75
What is Salmonella typhi?
Salmonella typhi is a bacterium that causes typhoid.
76
What is the definition of a dam?
A dam is a barrier that is built across a river in order to block and control the flow of water.
77
What is food security?
Food security is the availability and access to adequate, safe, and nutritious food to people at all times.
78
What is genetic engineering?
Genetic engineering is the deliberate changing of an organism's traits by manipulating its genetic material.
79
What is a sorus (sori)?
A sorus (sori) is a cluster of sporangia found on the underside of fern leaflets.
80
What is plasmodium?
Plasmodium is the protozoan that causes malaria.
81
What are limiting factors?
Limiting factors are a group of factors that prevent a population from growing indefinitely or becoming too big and exceeding its maximum growth rate.
82
What is a bacteriophage?
A bacteriophage is a virus that infects a bacterial cell.
83
What is E. coli?
E. coli lives in the human intestine and produces vitamin K and B.
84
What is the female Anopheles?
The female Anopheles is the mosquito that carries and transmits malaria.

life sciences (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions