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igcse chemistry > Untit 16 - Acids, Bases, & Salts > Flashcards

Untit 16 - Acids, Bases, & Salts Flashcards

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1
Q

Litmus indicator

A

Red in acid
Purple in neutral
Blue in alkali

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2
Q

Methyl orange

A

Red in acid
Orange in neutral
Yellow in alkali

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3
Q

Phenolphthalein

A

Colourless in acid
Colourless in neutral
Pink in alkali

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4
Q

Strong acid

A

pH 0-2

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5
Q

Medium acids

A

pH 3-4

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6
Q

Weak acid

A

pH 5-6

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7
Q

Neutral

A

pH 7

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8
Q

Weak alkali

A

pH 8-9

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9
Q

Medium alkalis

A

pH 10-11

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10
Q

strong alkali

A

pH 12-14

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11
Q

Universal indicator in strong acid

A

Red

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12
Q

Universal indicator at pH neutral

A

Green

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13
Q

Universal indicator in strong alkali

A

Blue/black

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14
Q

Define an acid

A

An acid is a substance when, in aqueous solution, is a source of H+ ions

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15
Q

Define an alkali

A

An alkali is a soluble base, in aqueous solution they are a source of OH- ions

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16
Q

Solubility of all common sodium salts

A

Soluble

17
Q

Solubility of all common potassium salts

A

Soluble

18
Q

Solubility of all common ammonium salts

A

Soluble

19
Q

Solubility of all nitrates

A

Soluble

20
Q

Solubility of all common chlorides

A

Soluble

Except silver chloride which is insoluble

21
Q

Solubility of all common sulfates

A

Soluble

Except barium and calcium sulfates are insoluble

22
Q

Solubility of all common carbonates

A

Insoluble

Except sodium, potassium, and ammonium carbonate which are soluble

23
Q

Preparation of soluble salts (3 methods)

A

Metal + acid –> salt + hydrogen

Base + acid –> salt + water

Carbonate + acid –> salt + water + carbon dioxide

24
Q

What is a base

A

A base is a metal oxide or metal hydroxide

25
Q

Preparation of insoluble salts

A

To prepare an insoluble salt two aqueous solutions are mixed together, one containing the cation and one containing the anion. The insoluble salt precipitates out. It is filtered off and the residue is washed with distilled water and dried on filter paper

igcse chemistry (16 decks)

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