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PHILO > Universal Values > Flashcards

Universal Values Flashcards

1
Q

what is value?

A

is a quality that weans people, things, events or situations. The term is used to designate the moral characteristics that are adherent in a subject like piety, responsibility, secularism, respect, etc

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2
Q

is a quality that weans people, things, events or situations. The term is used to designate the moral characteristics that are adherent in a subject like piety, responsibility, secularism, respect, etc

A

values

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3
Q

Universal values are what?

A

Formed by implied behavioural standards that are necessary to live in a harmonious and peaceful society. It is a notion which is not obvious to define because a value is associated with morality and ethics which is difficult to transpose or refer to the level of the group. In other words, all people have certain values that come from their interior and guided actions.

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4
Q

Where do values come f rom?

A

interior and it guides their actions.

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5
Q

How is it acquired?

A

with family, education, and school, because the process of socialization involves that new generations internalize timeless concepts.

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6
Q

For him, values are a particular class of ideal objects, intentional objects of man’s feelings. The mind of every person is blind to values just as the eyes are blind to sounds and the ears are dread to colors; this would mean that the mind is incapable of knowing values in reality. Values is metaphysical in nature, but which is invisible to the eye.

A

Max Scheler

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7
Q

How can man know values?

A

It is only with the heart that man can recognize values.

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8
Q

What is metaphyscis?

A

Goes beyond the senses, invisible to the eyes

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9
Q

What would educators say about values?

A

caught, not taught.

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10
Q

Why does man know values through the heart?

A

Because only man can feel it

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11
Q

Man can think of values but___

A

what man is thinking of is the concept of values

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12
Q

More deserving as being called the center of man as a spiritual being than the processes of knowing and willing

A

heart

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13
Q

What is the human heart?

A

The seat of the Ordo Amoris, it is the microcosm of the whole objective of the world of values

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14
Q

According to him, values has something to do with worth and that all human beings are the bearers of value

A

Max Scheler

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15
Q

What are the hierarch of values?

A

Sensory Values- values that are objects of sensory feelings, and their corresponding subjective states that are delight and pain.
2. Vital Values- These values are noble and vulgar. The feeling-states of this modality include all modes of the feeling of life: feelings of health, sickness, aging, exhaustion, energy, vigorous and others.

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16
Q

values that are objects of sensory feelings,, and their corresponding subjective states are delight and pain.

A

Sensory Values

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17
Q

These values are noble and vulgar. The feeling-states of this modality include all modes of the feeling of life: feelings of health, sickness, aging, exhaustion, energy, vigorous and others.

A

Vital Values

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18
Q

Values correspond to spiritual feelings, more appropriately to the spiritual act of love. The realm of this value is distinct from vital value. In the kind of givenness, these values have a peculiar detachment and independence from the sphere of the lived body and the environment.

A

Spiritual Value

19
Q

What are the Spiritual values?

A
  • The values of the beautiful and the ugly (the whole realm of aesthetic values)
  • the values of justice and injustice (values that will give you righteousness like love)
  • the values of pure cognition of truth (like knowledge and wisdom) Scientific knowledge and all values of culture are derivative of this value.
20
Q

What are reactions belonging in the realm of spiritual values?

A

pleasing, approving, respect, retributive conation and spiritual sympathy (foundation of friendship)

21
Q

Values of the Holy and Unholy

A

Are higher than spiritual values and the vital one higher than the sensory values. (pertaining to religion and God). These values are both values of persons, thus it follows hte movement of love commences on the level of spiritual values.

22
Q

These values are totally independent of things and powers, persons held to be holy at different times.

A

Values of the HOLY and the Unholy

23
Q

Under these values are those things of value in sacraments, cults, and other forms of worship.

A

Values of the HOLY and the Unholy

24
Q

His concept of values is based on his research done in 44 countries in 25,00 people and moreover, according to him, values has conception of the desirable that influence the way people select action and evaluate events.”

A

Shalom H. SCHWARTZ

25
Q

What did SHalom H Schwartz study suggest?

A

There are 56 specific universal values and ten types of universal values.

26
Q

What are the top ten universal values According to Shwartz?

A 
Universalism 
Benevolence 
Tradition
Conformity
Security
Power
Achievement
Hedonism
Stimulation
Self-direction
27
Q

Explain the ten types of UV

A

Universalism- understanding, appreciation, tolerance and protection for the welfare of all people and for nature.
Benevolence- preservation and enhancement of the welfare of people with whom one is in frequent personal contact.
Tradition- respect, commitment and acceptance of the xustoms and ideas that traditional culture or relgion provide the self
Conformity- restraint of actions, inclinations and impulses likely to upset or harm others and violate social expectations or norms
Security- safety. harmony and stability of society, of relationships and of self.
Power- social status and prestige, control or dominance over people and resources.
Achievement- personal succes through demonstrating competence according to social standards
Hedonism- pleasure and sensuous gratification for one self
Stimulation-excitment, novelty and challenge in life
Self-direction- independent thought and action- choosing creating and exploring.

28
Q

UN CHARTER ON UNIVERSAL VALUES

A

Respect for fundamental human rights, social justice and human dignity and respect for the equal right of men and women serve as aver arching values to which supplier of goods and services to the UN are expected to adhere.

29
Q

In a speech at Tubingen University in Germany, What did UN secretary General kofi annan emphasize?

A

Progress,

Equal rights

Human dignity
are acutely needed in this age of globalization

30
Q

Three years ago, in the millenium declaration, all states reaffirmed certain fundamental values as being:

A

“essential to international relations in the twenty first century”: freedom, equality, solidarity, tolerance, respect for nature and shared responsibility.

31
Q

What did the Millenium delcaration adopted practical achievable targets?

A

THE MDG (MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS)

32
Q

For relieving the blight extreme poverty and making such rights as education, basic health care and clean water a reality for all/

A

THE MDGS

33
Q

What are the basic universal human values?

A
  1. Happiness- So in the ancient past, the founders of the big religion in the world had already thought o f the big reward for religious life (afterlife, paradies, heaven, nirvana) and to enjoy, there is an eternal value of happiness. There for happiness is the universal value for religious people.
  2. Peace- to be seen as a basic condition for freedom and happiness. For without peace, there cannot be freedom.
  3. love- love in a general sense can be best defined as feelings or an experience of deep connectedness or oneness with any other human being any animal plant tree thing or unnamable. love can also be experienced as something far beyond any comprehension and totally indescribable that is why according to philosopher blaise pascal, was also a mathematician who invented a calculator he said that that the heart has a reasons in which the reason your human mind doesn’t know
  4. freedom- experience of unrestricted and to be as much as possible independent of the social pleasure or pressure as i’ve said pressure of others a basic condition for happiness is however the experience of an inner and mental freedom freedom from all kinds of stress worry anxiety problems obligations and fears often directly or indirectly caused by respectless egocentric and power-oriented mentality of many others in the society so that is why guys um inner freedom is more important than outer freedom so our inner freedom can be changed by our own will by our own selves but the outer freedom can be difficult to
    change.
  5. security-so safety means free of threat fear and survival stress without safety people tend to live out of their individual survival instinct. and long-term insecurity creates an egocentric survival mentality
  6. Intelligence- a capacity for logic understanding self-awareness learning emotional knowledge reasoning planning creativity and even problem solving it can be more generally described as
    the ability to perceive or infer information and to retain it as knowledge to be applied towards adaptive behaviors within an environment or context.
  7. Respect- so the most basic principle of any social community is feelings of connectedness which come out from our perception empathy and awareness that the other human is basically as we are ourselves so in this respect the value of respect it creates trust and a friendly attitude towards the other out of this
  8. Equality- so originates from the word equalis or aquila so equality means equal no uh in french or in latin words which means so equality used in political science correspond to the meaning which from which
    originates no so every person has certain claims to equality they’re two very important forms of legal and formal equality one is equality before the law and equality protection of law.
  9. Justice- Justice is a virtue. Avirtue on giving what is due to others. A proper administration of the law. Fair and equitable treatment. General justice is needed to realize and maintain our highest human values. There are two types of justice:
                  a. ) commutative justice or community justice- there is a fair exchange of justice.
               b. ) distributive justice: justice based on giving what is true for a single person
  10. Nature-
    understanding our physical dependence of nature and our awareness of being part of it are needed to see the basic virtue of nature so man is part of nature and our very basic human existence is dependent of nature and its ecology.
  11. Health- health as being a state of complete physical mental and social well-being and not merely as the absence of disease or infirmity so health is a resource for everyday life not the objective of living health is the positive concept of emphasizing social and personal resources.
34
Q

Human dignity

A

from the latin word “dignitas” means worthiness. Everyone is worthy of human dignity. HUmanly dignity cannot be earned nor taken away, it is inalienable and is inherent in us since birth.

35
Q

What is Aristotle’s Phjrase for excellence?

A

Ethikai aretai

36
Q

what is the emphasis when we speak of moral virtue or an excellence of character

A

combination of qualities that make an individual the sort of ethically admirable person that he is.

37
Q

a state concerned with choice, lying a mean relative to us, this being determined by reason and in the way which the man practical wisdom would determine it.

A

moral virtue

38
Q

What is a moral character?

A

moral character is an evaluation of an individual’s stable moral qualities. The concern of character can imply a cariety of attributes including the existence or lack of virutes such as empathy, courage, fortitude, honesty, and loyalty or of good behaviours or habits.

39
Q

Primarily refers to the assemblage of qualities that distinguish one individual from another.

A

Moral character

40
Q

He defines moral character as a disposition to express behavior in consistent patterns of functions across a range of situations.

A

Lawrence Pervin

41
Q

What is the importance of having a strong moral character?

A

achieve piece of mind- people with character sleep well at night. They take pride inknowing that their intentions are honorable. They stay true to their beliefs, do right to others and always take the high ground
2. Strengthen Trust- people know that your behavior is reliable and ur heart is in the right place and your word is good as gold.
3/ build a solid good reputation- people with character comman rock solid reputation and help them opportunities.
4.Reduce anxiety- accept responsibility for their actions. never have to play games.
Increased leadership effectiveness- they have no need to pull, run or resort to command to get results instead they are obeyed because they are trusted.
5. Build Confidence- people with character never worry about embarrassment. Their actions are publicly disclosed. This alleviates the need for damage control or fear of potential disgrace.
7. Become a positive role model- set standard for excellence. Live their lives as an open book.
8. Live a purpose drive life- live a life they can be proud of. Rather than trying to impress other.
9. Build a strong business- doing a right thing is a good business. Customers would rather buy from. Companies that do right by their people. While unprincipled business tactics.

42
Q

How to develop a moral character?

A

Define your core values-

Practice the habits- repiteted action

Find people with character

Take some risks

Stretch yourself

Commitment to self-improvement

43
Q

Some good character traits to practice

A

Attract the trust and respect of other people

Allows you to influence others

Changes your perspective about failure

Sustains you through difficult times or opposition

Improves your self esteem and self respect and confidence

Creates a foundation for a happy, healthy relationship

Helps you stay committed to your values and goals

Improves your chance of success in work and other endeavors.

44
Q

Character traits that Impact one’s (liveboldandbloom.com)

A
  1. Integrity
  2. Honesty
  3. Loyalty
  4. Respectfulness
  5. Responsibility
  6. Humility
  7. Compassion
  8. Fairness
  9. Forgiveness
  10. Authenticity
  11. Courage
  12. Generosity
  13. Perseverance
  14. Politeness
  15. Kindness
  16. Lovingness
  17. Optimism
  18. Reliability
  19. Conscientiousness
  20. Self-discipline

PHILO (1 decks)

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