Universal

Question 1

ABCs of universal care

Answer 1

Airway
Breathing
Circulation

Question 2

Intervention[s] to save a choking adult/child patient

Answer 2

Heimlich maneuver

Question 3

Intervention[s] to save a choking infant

Answer 3

alternating between 5 back blows and 5 chest thrusts

Question 4

Intervention[s] for a moderate* airway obstruction

moderate = altered LOC, intact gag recalled

Answer 4

• Reposition the airway
• Suction
• NPA (remember lubricant)

Question 5

Intervention[s] for a severe airway obstruciton

Answer 5

• OPA
• BIAD (remember to secure and gastric tube)
• Magill forceps (A)

Question 6

Indications of a possible severe* airway obstruction

severe = unresponsive, no gag reflex

Answer 6

• unresponsive

- no gag reflex

Question 7

Three tools to confirm airway placement

Answer 7

• physical exam (lung sounds, perfusion)
• pulse oximetry (consider CO poisoning)
• capnography

Question 8

what is the nasal cannula flow rate range and non-rebreather flow rate?

Answer 8

nasal cannula: 1-6 L/min

NRB: 10-15 L/min

Question 9

A chest seal should be applied to …

Answer 9

penetrating injuries to the neck or trunk

Question 10

Indications of pneumothorax…

Interventions for pneumothorax…

Answer 10

• absent lung sounds

- needle decompression (ALS)

Question 11

Consider starting oxygen for SpO2 below …

Considering ending oxygen for SpO2 above …

Answer 11

start below 94%

end above 98%

Question 12

Two main intervention for respiratory failure

Answer 12

• airway management (adjuncts)

- BVM ventilations (with oxygen)

Question 13

Interventions for mild* hypotension/ shock

mild = no symptoms, adequate perfusion

Answer 13

• 12 lead EKG

- Consider ALS for saline lock

Question 14

interventions for moderate* hypotension

moderate = compensating, adequate to poor perfusion, dizzy

Answer 14

• 12 lead EKG
• Consider ALS for saline
• Consider supine, heat retention, high flow oxygen

Question 15

interventions for severe* hypotension

severe = poor perfusion, altered LOC

Answer 15

• 12 lead EKG
• Consider ALS for saline
• Consider ALS for medication
• supine, heat retention, high flow oxygen

Question 16

4 signs for poor perfusion

Answer 16

• Altered LOC (mental ability compared to baseline)
• Pale skin, cool skin, diaphoretic (physical appearance)
• hypotension, tachycardia (signs of shock)
• dyspnea, tachypnea (breathing problems)

Question 17

Interventions for moderate* hypertension

moderate = mild headache, no neuro deficits

Answer 17

• 12 lead EKG

- consider ALS for saline lock and medications

Question 18

Interventions for severe* hypertension

severe = altered LOC, neuro deficits

Answer 18

• 12 lead EKG
• consider ALS for saline lock and medications
• consider pain management

Question 19

Interventions for mild* bradycardia

mild = adequate perfusion, no symptoms

Answer 19

• 12 leak EKG

- Consider ALS for saline lock

Question 20

Interventions for moderate* bradycardia

moderate = adequate perfusion, weak, chest pain

Answer 20

• 12 lead EKG

- Consider ALS for medications

Question 21

Interventions for severe* bradycardia

severe = unresponsive, poor perfusion

Answer 21

• 12 lead EKG
• Consider ALS for medications
• Consider ALS for pacing
• Consider overdose, hyperkalemia, breathing

Question 22

interventions of mild tachycardia

mild = adequate perfusion / simple tachycardia

Answer 22

• 12 lead EKG

- consider saline (A)

Question 23

interventions for moderate tachycardia

moderate = adequate perfusion, critical arrhythmia

Answer 23

• 12 lead EKG
• Consider ALS for Saline
• Consider ALS for medication
• Consider bleeding/ pain

Question 24

Interventions for severe tachycardia

severe = poor perfusion, critical arrhythmia

Answer 24

• 12 lead EKG
• Consider ALS for saline push
• Consider ALS for medications
• Consider bleeding/ pain

Question 25

describe critical arrhythmia rates per age catagoreis

Answer 25

• adult (12+): 150+
• pediatric (1-12): 180+
• infant (< 1): 220+

Question 26

interventions for fever

Answer 26

• acetaminophen: 500 mg/ 15 min - 2x max

- ibuprofen: 400 mg/ 15 min - 2x max

Question 27

interventions for minor* pain

mild = based on patient’s presentation and mechanism of injury, some distress, tachycardia

Answer 27

• acetaminophen: 500 mg/ 15 min - 2x max

- ibuprofen: 400 mg/ 15 min - 2x max

Question 28

interventions for severe* pain

severe = based on patient’s presentation and MOI, obvious distress and elevated vitals

Answer 28

• acetaminophen: 500 mg/ 15 min - 2x max
• ibuprofen: 400 mg/ 15 min - 2x max

-Consider ALS for narcotics

Question 29

interventions for nausea and vomiting

Answer 29

• position of comfort
• emesis bag
• Consider ALS for anti-nausea medications
• Consider airway