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Physics > Units And Measurements > Flashcards

Units And Measurements Flashcards

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1
Q

Physical quantity

A

Any quantity that can be measured directly or indirectly

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2
Q

Fundamental Quantities

A

Quantities which cannot be expressed in terms of simpler quantities and are independent of other physical quantities

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3
Q

7 fundamental quantities

A 
Length
Mass
Time
Temperature
Electric Current
Luminous Intensity
Amount of Substance
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4
Q

Derived quantities

A

Quantities which are derived from different combinations of fundamental quantities

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5
Q

Units of fundamental quantities

A

Fundamental Units

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6
Q

Units of derived quantities

A

Derived units

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7
Q

System of units

A

A system of units is a complete set of units that are needed to measure all fundamental and derived quantities

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8
Q

Examples of systems of units (4)

A

CGS
MKS
FPS
SI

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9
Q

SI unit

A

SI units are a common system of units that are internationally accepted. It is based on seven fundamental units and two supplementary units

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10
Q

SI unit is based on?

A

Seven fundamental units and two supplementary units

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11
Q

SI unit of Mass

A

kg

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12
Q

SI unit of length

A

m

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13
Q

SI unit of Time

A

s

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14
Q

SI unit of Electric Current

A

A

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15
Q

SI unit of Temperature

A

K (Kelvin)

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16
Q

SI unit of Amount of Substance

A

mol (moles)

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17
Q

SI unit of Luminous Intensity

A

cd (candella)

18
Q

Plane Angle

A

Radian

19
Q

Solid Angle

A

Steradian

20
Q

Advantages of SI system (3)

A

Rational
Metric
Coherent

21
Q

SI units are rational?

A

Each quantity only has one unit

22
Q

SI units are metric?

A

The multiples and sub-multiples of SI units are in powers of 10

23
Q

SI units are coherent?

A

Simple multiplication and division of fundamental units can be used to obtain all derived units without any numerical factor

24
Q

Dimensions

A

Dimensions are the powers to which fundamental quantities are to be raised to represent any given physical quantity

25
Q

Dimensional Constants

A

g, G

26
Q

Dimensionless Constants

A

π, 1/2, 2…

27
Q

Dimensional Variable

A

Pressure, Work..

28
Q

Dimensionless Variables

A

Plane Angle, refractive index…

29
Q

1st application of dimensional analysis

A

To check dimensional correctness or consistency of equations

30
Q

2nd application of dimensional analysis

A

To derive relationships among different physical quantities

31
Q

Dimensional correctness aka?

A

Dimensional consistency

32
Q

Principle of homogeneity

A

The principle of homogeneity states that a physical equation will only be correct if the dimensions of all the terms on either side are the same. Only terms that have the same dimensions can be added or subtracted.

33
Q

1st limit of dimensional analysis

A

Dimensional analysis does not give any information about the proportionality constant

34
Q

2nd limit of dimensional analysis

A

It fails when a physical quantity depends on more than three other quantities

35
Q

3rd limit of dimensionless analysis

A

It fails when a physical quantity is a sum or difference of other quantities.

36
Q

4th limit of dimensional analysis

A

It fails to derive relationships which involve dimensionless quantities like trigonometric functions

37
Q

Limitations of dimensional analysis (4)

A

Proportionality constant
Dependent on more than three other quantities
Sum or difference of other quantities
Dimensionless like trig

38
Q

Significant digits

A

Significant digits are those digits in a measurement which are known to be reliable and the first unreliable digit

39
Q

Accuracy

A

Accuracy is the closeness of the measured value to the true value of the quantity

40
Q

Precision

A

Precision is the resolution to which a quantity can be measured

Physics (2 decks)

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