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AP gov > Units 1,7 > Flashcards

Units 1,7 Flashcards

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1
Q

5 roles of the government

A
  1. Maintain a national defense
  2. Provide public goods and services
  3. Preserve order
  4. Socialize the young
  5. Collect taxes
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2
Q

Collective goods

A

Goods that cannot be denied to anyone
(Clean air, clean water)

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3
Q

Goods that cannot be denied to anyone
(Clean air, clean water)

A

Collective goods

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4
Q

Single-issue groups

A

Groups concerned with only one issue that they vote primarily on that issue & ignore other politician’s stands

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5
Q

Groups concerned with only one issue that they vote primarily on that issue & ignore other politician’s stands

A

Single-issue groups

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6
Q

Linkage institutions

A

Political channels where peoples concerns become political issues on the policy agenda & transmits preferences to policymakers in the government
-elections, political parties, interest groups, media

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7
Q

Political channels where peoples concerns become political issues on the policy agenda & transmits preferences to policymakers in the government

A

Linkage institutions

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8
Q

Examples of linkage institutions

A

Elections, political parties, interest groups, media

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9
Q

Policy agenda

A

Issues that attract the attention of public officials & other political figures

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10
Q

Policymaking institutions

A

Congress, the presidency, the courts, the bureaucracy

(Scan issues on the policy agenda, select those they consider important, make policies to address them)

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11
Q

What do presidents do

A

Use influence to urge for policies

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12
Q

_____ use influence to urge for policies

A

Presidents

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13
Q

What does congress do

A

Pass legislation (laws)

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14
Q

______ passes legislation

A

Congress

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15
Q

What do bureaucracies do

A

Implement new policies & create rules & regulations

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16
Q

_________ implement new policies & create rules & regulations

A

Bureaucracies

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17
Q

What do courts do

A

Can challenge every law passed (if they conflict with the constitution)

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18
Q

_____ can challenge every law passed

A

Courts

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19
Q

Public policy

A

Choice a government makes in response to a political issue

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20
Q

Choice a government makes in response to a political issue

A

Public policy

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21
Q

congressional statute

A

Law passed by congress

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22
Q

Law passed by congress

A

Congressional statute

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23
Q

Presidential action

A

Decision by president

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24
Q

Court decision

A

Opinion by supreme court or other court

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25
Q

Budgetary choices

A

Legislative enactment of taxes and expenditures

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26
Q

Legislative enactment of taxes and expenditures

A

Budgetary choices

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27
Q

Democracy

A

System of selecting policymakers so that policy reflects citizens’ preferences

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28
Q

System of selecting policymakers so that policy reflects citizens’ preferences

A

Democracy

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29
Q

Popular sovereignty

A

Government serves the people
Democracy

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30
Q

Republic

A

Rule through representatives

31
Q

Which enlightenment philosopher most directly influenced the writing of the declaration of independence

A

John locke

32
Q

Democracy ideals

A

-equality in voting
-effective participation
-enlightened understanding
-citizen control of the agenda
-inclusion

33
Q

Majority rule

A

Policies made should reflect the will of over half the voters

34
Q

Policies made should reflect the will of over half the voters

A

Majority rule

35
Q

Minority rights

A

Guarantees rights to those who do not belong to majorities

36
Q

Guarantees rights to those who do not belong to majorities

A

Minority rights

37
Q

Representation

A

Relationship between the few leaders and many citizens

Desires of the people should be replicated in the government through elected officials

38
Q

Relationship between the few leaders and many citizens

Desires of the people should be replicated in the government through elected officials

A

Representation

39
Q

Three theories of democracy

A

Pluralism
Elitism
Hyperpluralism

40
Q

Pluralism

A

Groups with shared interests influence public policy by pressing their concerns through organized efforts

41
Q

Groups with shared interests influence public policy by pressing their concerns through organized efforts

A

Pluralism

42
Q

Elitism

A

Society is divided along class lines & upper-class pulls the strings of government

43
Q

Society is divided along class lines & upper-class pulls the strings of government

A

Elitism

44
Q

Hyperpluralism

A

Competing groups are so strong that government is weakened as influence of so many groups cripples goverment’s ability to make policy

45
Q

Competing groups are so strong that government is weakened as influence of so many groups cripples goverment’s ability to make policy

A

Hyperpluralism

46
Q

Majoritarian theory

A

Theory that in a democracy, the government ought to do what the majority of people want

47
Q

Theory that in a democracy, the government ought to do what the majority of people want

A

Majoritarian theory

48
Q

Four challenges to democracy

A

-increased complexity of issues
-limited participation in government
-escalating campaign costs
-diverse political interests

49
Q

Policy gridlock

A

When interests conflict and nothing is strong enough to form a majority and establish policy, so nothing gets done

50
Q

When interests conflict and nothing is strong enough to form a majority and establish policy, so nothing gets done

A

Policy gridlock

51
Q

Five parts of the american creed

A

Liberty
Egalitarianism
Individualism
Laissez-faire
Populism

52
Q

Egalitarianism

A

All men are created equal

53
Q

Individualism

A

People can and should get ahead on their own

54
Q

Laissez-faire

A

Free markets and limited government

55
Q

Populism

A

Supporting rights of average citizens against privileged elites

56
Q

Gross domestic product (GDP)

A

Sum total value of all the goods and services produced in a year in a nation

57
Q

Press conferences

A

Meetings with reporters

58
Q

Investigative journalism

A

Use of in depth reporting to uncover scandals, scams, etc. Detective-like methods to check upon statements of government officials

59
Q

Narrowcasting

A

Media programming on cable tv or the internet focused on a particular interest and particular audience

60
Q

Media programming on cable tv or the internet focused on a particular interest and particular audience

A

Narrowcasting

61
Q

Selective exposure

A

People tend to choose information sources that have similar points of view to their own

62
Q

People tend to choose information sources that have similar points of view to their own

A

Selective exposure

63
Q

Trial balloons

A

Intentional news leaks to see political reaction

64
Q

Intentional news leaks to see political reaction

A

Trial balloons

65
Q

Policy entrepreneurs

A

People who invest their political “capital” in an issue (political activists)

66
Q

6 steps of the policy agenda

A

People
Linkage institutions
Policy agenda
Policymaking institutions
Policy
People

67
Q

Five components of an ideal democratic process

A

-equality in voting
-effective participation
-enlightened understanding
-citizen control of the agenda
-inclusion

68
Q

Yellow journalism

A

Sensationalistic writing

(To cause a reaction and get more views)

69
Q

Sensationalistic writing

(To cause a reaction and get more views)

A

Yellow journalism

70
Q

Federal communications commission (FCC)

A

Created by communications act of 1934
Regulates the use of airwaves to
1. Prevent near monopoly control of market
2. Review the performance of stations
3. Issue fair treatment rules for politicians

71
Q

Gatekeeper

A

To the truth (they give the truth and help figure out what’s important)

72
Q

Scorekeeping

A

Whos winning elections (popularity)

73
Q

Watchdog

A

Investigative journalism

74
Q

Partisan

A

Bias

AP gov (4 decks)

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