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CNA > Units 1-6 > Flashcards

Units 1-6 Flashcards

1
Q

OBRA (Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act)

A

The federal minimum standards intended to improve the quality of life and the quality of care for residents of LTC facilities.

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2
Q

Residents

A

Individuals that live in LTC facilities.

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3
Q

Medicare

A

A health care program available for individuals 65 or older, or younger people who have disabilities.

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4
Q

Biological Age

A

Determines our abilities or how old a person seems.

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5
Q

Signs of Depression are not a normal part of aging. True or False?

A

True!

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6
Q

Biological/Physiological

Maslow’s Hierarchy of need

A

Required to sustain life.

Example: (1) Air/Oxygen - when a resident has trouble breathing, elevate head of bed; (2) Food - allow resident to eat more independently; (3) Water - keep resident’s water pitcher filled at all times so they do not become dehydrated; (4) Elimination - assist resident to toilet or to use bedpan; (5) Activity, rest and sleep - assist resident with ambulation; (6) Sex/sexuality - provide privacy and do not respond negatively when resident masturbates.

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7
Q

Safety and Security

Maslow’s Hierarchy of need

A

Example: handle gently during care.

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8
Q

Belonging and Love

Maslow’s Hierarchy of need

A

Example: be kind and considerate of resident and help remain part of the community

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9
Q

Self-esteem and Respect

Maslow’s Hierarchy of need

A

Example: respect privacy and resident’s right to refuse.

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10
Q

Self-actualization

Maslow’s Hierarchy of need

A

Example: encourage resident to talk about their past or their life accomplishments.

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11
Q

Residents Rights

A

Federal laws and state laws that protect the rights of those who reside in adult care homes. Each resident has the right to a dignified existence, self-determination, and communication with access to persons and services inside and outside the facility.

Some of these rights address:

  • Privacy
  • Dignity
  • Respect
  • Safety and security
  • Choices & input regarding their medical care
  • Freedom from restraint, abuse, neglect, and protection of their property
  • Freedom of association
  • Freedom to handle their financial matters
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12
Q

The average woman lives longer than men. True or False?

A

True!

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13
Q

Kansas LTC Facilities

A
  1. Nursing facility
  2. Assisted living facility
  3. Residential health care
  4. Home plus
  5. Boarding care home
  6. Adult day care
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14
Q

CNA Roles

A
  • Bathing residents
  • Assisting with meals
  • Helping with elimination needs
  • Taking vitals signs
  • Charting
  • Keeping a clean and neat enviroment
  • Read and follow care plan
  • Listen carefully to residents
  • Reporting to the nurse
  • Assisting with and ambulating residents
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15
Q

HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act)

A

a law that provides data privacy for medical information.

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16
Q

Legal & Ethical Behavior

A

Reporting your mistakes and document clear using appropriate terminology.

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17
Q

Negligence

A

Failure to provide the proper care for a resident resulting in unintended injury.

Example: CNA forgets to lock WC brakes and as a result, the resident falls and injures themselves.

18
Q

Things a CNA should report:

A

Abuse - hitting, slapping, kicking, handling a resident roughly.

Exploitation - taking unfair advantage of a resident financially or stealing their property.

Neglect - failure to provide care that results in physical, mental, or emotion harm.

19
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Order

A
  1. Physical Needs
  2. Safety and security needs
  3. Need for love
  4. Need for self-esteem
  5. Need for self-actualization
20
Q

Quality of Life Actions?

A

Identify Self
Observe non-verbal behavior
Listen carefully
Focus on resident’s concerns

21
Q

Two types of languages to listen and watch for?

A

Verbal & Nonverbal

22
Q

Nonverbal Communication

A

Be aware of body posture, facial expression, body activity (restlessness or turning away), body distance, and touch.

23
Q

Clear Communication with resident

A

Examples:

  • Look at person when speaking
  • Provide family with suggestions on how to interact with resident
  • Do not talk to anyone about residents health information
  • Listening to concerns and reporting them to the nurse.
  • Avoiding involvement in family arguments and decision making
24
Q

Communicating with a resident who is visually impaired of HOH, you should approach them from the…

A

front or within his/her field of vision.

25
Q

Communicating with a resident who is confused…

A

speak slow and calmly

26
Q

Airborne Spread

A

Pathogens spread with small particles like dust.

Example: You decide not to wear a mask in a residents room that is in isolation and has TB. You test positive for TB as a result.

27
Q

Indirect Contact

A

Touching something contaminated by the infected person and then carrying it to another person.

Example: a resident’s feces contaminate the floor and visible residue is cleaned up, then a drinking straw falls on the floor and is picked up for another resident to use.

28
Q

Droplet Spread

A

Transmitted by droplets given off by coughing, sneezing, talking.

Example: A resident sneezes on you and infects you with the flu virus.

29
Q

Direct Contact

A

Transmitting pathogens through touching the infected person or his secretions.

30
Q

Vehicle Spread

A

carried by contaminated food, blood

Example: you caught a pathogen from the water you drank last week.

31
Q

Standard Precautions

A

Infection prevention in which blood, body fluids, urine, feces, semen, vaginal secretions, etc are all treated as if they were infected with an infectious disease.

**USED ON EVERYONE, REGARDLESS.

  • Wash hands
  • Use PPE (gloves, disposable gown, mask, goggles, and/or face shield, feet covers)
  • Handle resident equipment with caution
  • Handle linen with care
  • Label bio hazardous waste and use appropriate measures to clean up spills
  • prevent injuries like needle pricks by never attempting to cap needles, and placing in appropriate containers
32
Q

Transmission-Based Precautions

A

Guidelines put in place for persons who are infected or may be infected with certain infectious diseases.

**USED IN ADDITION TO STANDARD PRECAUTIONS WHEN THERE IS A SPECIFIC CONTAGIOUS DISEASE DIAGNOSED.

  • Contact Precautions
  • Droplet Precautions
  • Airborne Precautions
33
Q

How long to wash hands?

A

15-30 seconds

34
Q

Donning PPE (putting on)

A
  • Wash hands
  • put on gown
  • put on mask
  • put on goggles or face shield
  • put on gloves
35
Q

Doffing PPE (taking off)

A
  • remove and discard gloves
  • remove goggles or face shield
  • remove and discard gown
  • remove and discard mask
  • wash hands
36
Q

It takes ONE infection control step to break the chain of infection. True or False?

A

True

37
Q

Chain of Infection

A

Links:

  1. Causative Agent: pathogen that causes disease.
  2. Reservoir: place a pathogen lives and multiplies.
  3. Portal of exit: body opening on an infected person that allows pathogens to leave.
  4. Mode of transmission: how a pathogen travels.
  5. Portal of entry: any body opening on an uninfected person that allows pathogens to enter.
  6. Susceptible Host: an uninfected person who could become sick.
38
Q

Breaking the Chain of Infection

A
  • Reservoir - disinfect contaminated surfaces, equipment, and handle body fluids such as urine and feces with care as they may contain pathogens.
  • Portal of exit - cover nose and mouth when coughing.
  • Mode of transmission - proper use of PPE and proper hand washing.
  • Portal of entry - proper skin care to promote intact skin, proper oral care to promote intact mucous membranes.
  • Susceptible host - promote immunity by encouraging balanced diet and adequate fluid intake and immunizations.
  • Causative agents can be eliminated through sterilization.
39
Q

Body Mechanics

A

correct way to use your body when lifting or moving a resident.

  • do not twist. keep your back strong and straight
  • try to push, pull, or roll an object whenever possible
40
Q

Ergonomics

A

Science of designing equipment, areas, and work tasks to make them safer and to suit the worker’s abilities.

You would apply this in the workplace by enforcing no lift policies and use safety devices such as a gait belt.

41
Q

When a patient is too heavy to lift, go get help or use mechanical lifting device

A

true

CNA (2 decks)

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