United States History B Final Exam Review Sheet

Question 1

What policy did Americans favor in the 1930s?

Answer 1

A policy of isolationism

Question 2

What did Spain, Germany, Italy, the Soviet Union, and Japan all have in common?

Answer 2

They were all under the control of various authoritarian leaders at the start of WWII

Question 3

What was the 1939 non-aggression pact?

Answer 3

A commitment between the two leaders of Stalin and Hitler, who also agreed to split Poland between them.

Question 4

What does the turning away of the ship St. Louis best illustrate?

Answer 4

The official US indifference to the plights of Europe/s Jews in the 1930s.

Question 5

What does the phrase “the enemy of my enemy is my friend” best describe?

Answer 5

Why Churchill and Roosevelt began to support Stalin

Question 6

Why did Roosevelt say “Suppose my neighbor’s home catches fire, and I have a length of garden hose four or five hundred feet away. If he can take my garden hose and connect it up with his hydrant, I may help him to put out his fire. Now, what do I do? I don’t say to him before that operation, ‘Neighbor, my garden hose cost me $15; you have to pay me $15 for it.’ What is the transaction that goes on? I don’t want $15–I want my garden hose back after the fire is over. All right. If it goes through the fire all right, intact, without any damage to it, he gives it back to me and thanks me very much for the use of it. But suppose it gets smashed up–holes in it–during the fire; we don’t have to have too much formality about it, but I say to him, “I was glad to lend you that hose; I see I can’t use it any more, it’s all smashed up.” He says, “How many feet of it were there?” I tell him, ‘There were 150 feet of it.’ He says, ‘All right, I will replace it.’ Now, if I get a nice garden hose back, I am in pretty good shape?”

Answer 6

In order to drum up support for the Lend-Lease Plan.

Question 7

What is rationing?

Answer 7

The system set up by the US government the established fixed allotments of goods deemed essential for the military.

Question 8

What was the rate of unemployment like in the US from 1930 to 1945?

Answer 8

1930 - less than 10%; 1933 - all time high, and about 25%; 1944 - all time low and 1-2%; 1945 - 2-3%

Question 9

When did Operation Overlord began?

Answer 9

On D-Day, June 6th, 1944

Question 10

How did Operation Overlord began?

Answer 10

With a massive air and sea bombardment.

Question 11

What was the purpose of Operation Overlord?

Answer 11

To liberate Western Europe from Nazi control.

Question 12

“They say temperatures of 7,000 degrees centigrade hit me… Nobody there looked like human beings… People with their legs wrenched off. Without heads. Or with faces burned and swollen out of shape. The scene I saw was a living hell.” What does this quote most likely describe?

Answer 12

The scene immediately following the US atomic bombing of Hirosima.

Question 13

What did Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin agree to at the Yalta Conferece?

Answer 13

Dividing Germany info four temporary zones, one each for the four major allies.

Question 14

How did people suffer overseas in Japan during WWII?

Answer 14

Over 100,000 people were rounded up and sent to prison camps. They also suffered from prejudice.

Question 15

What is conformity in the 1950s?

Answer 15

The prevailing social expectation.

Question 16

The Marshall Plan, the Truman Doctrine, the Korean War, and the Berlin Airlift are all a manifestation of what?

Answer 16

The American policy of containment.

Question 17

T/F - The two Koreas were separated at the cease fire line with a demilitarized zone separating them.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

What were all concerned with fear of domestic Communism?

Answer 18

The House Un-American Activities Committee, the Rosenburg Case, and McCarthyism.

Question 19

What does this quote describe? “When the air-raid siren sounded,
our teachers stopped talking and led us to the school basement, There the gym teachers lined
us up against the cement walls and steel lockers, and showed us how to lean in and fold our arms over our heads… We folded our skinny arms over our heads
and raised to the enemy a clatter of gold scarab bracelets and gold bangle bracelets.” - Annie Dillard

Answer 19

A nuclear bomb drill.

Question 20

T/F - The Space Race was widely regarded as expensive and pointless.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

What was the US postwar economic recovery was aided by what?

Answer 21

The demand for goods and services, high levels of defense spending, and a spike in new home construction.

Question 22

What was the birthrate in the US during the 20th century?

Answer 22

1900 - all time high; 1950-60s - baby boom; 1975 - all time low

Question 23

“Little Boxes on the hillside, Little boxes made of ticky-tacky, Little boxes on the hillside, Little boxes all the same. There’s a pink one and a green one And a blue one and a yellow one, And they’re all made out of ticky-tacky And they all look just the same.” – Malvina Reynolds
What is best described by these lyrics?

Answer 23

Levittowns

Question 24

During the 1950s, what were woman expected to portary?

Answer 24

Domesticity through homemaking and childcare.

Question 25

What was the emerging f of mass media that had the greatest impact on culture and politics during the 1950s?

Answer 25

Television

Question 26

What did critics of urban renewal claim?

Answer 26

That urban renewal did nothing to fix poverty but simply displaced poor people.

Question 27

What did the prosperity of the post war era mask among many Americans?

Answer 27

Surprising poverty.

Question 28

“Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans—born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage—and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights to which this Nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.” - John F. Kennedy
Why did Kennedy indicate that he is different from previous president?

Answer 28

He is relatively young.

Question 29

What did the Soviets claim was the outcome of the Cuban Missile Crisis?

Answer 29

That they removed their missiles from Cuba and nuclear war was avoided.

Question 30

What did the Warren Commission conclude about Kennedy’s assassination?

Answer 30

That is was carried out by a single gunman acting alone.

Question 31

What did Lyndon Johnson envision and sought out?

Answer 31

A higher standard of living, equal opportunity for all, and to make a reality through the Great Society.

Question 32

T/F - Malcolm X is a good representation of the civil rights philosophy of nonviolence

Answer 32

False

Question 33

“Today, education is perhaps the most important function of state and local governments. Compulsory school attendance laws and the great expenditures for education both demonstrate our recognition of the importance of education to our democratic society. It is required in the performance of our most basic public responsibilities, even service in the armed forces. It is the very foundation of good citizenship. Today it is a principal instrument in awakening the child to cultural values, in preparing him for later professional training, and in helping him to adjust normally to his environment. In these days, it is doubtful that any child may reasonably be expected to succeed in life if he is denied the opportunity of an education. Such an opportunity, where the state has undertaken to provide it, is a right which must be made available to all on equal terms. We come then to the question presented: Does segregation of children in public schools solely on the basis of race, even though the physical facilities and other “tangible” factors may be equal, deprive the children of the minority group of equal educational opportunities? We believe that it does.” What is this quote from?

Answer 33

Brown v. Board of Education

Question 34

What was the purpose of Mississippi Freedom Summer?

Answer 34

To register African Americans to vote.

Question 35

What did the Kernew Commission conclude is the main cause of urban race rioting?

Answer 35

White racism

Question 36

T/F - Increased popular confidence in the federal government, increased popular confidence in the US military, and US victory in Vietnam was a result of US involvement in Vietnam.

Answer 36

False

Question 37

“First of all, you have the specific value of a locality in its production of materials that the world needs. Then you have the possibility that many human beings pass under a dictatorship that is inimical to the free world. Finally, you have broader considerations that might follow what you would call the ‘falling domino’ principle. You have a row of dominoes set up, you knock over the first one, and what will happen to the last one is the certainty that it will go over very quickly. So you could have a beginning of a disintegration that would have the most profound influences…. But when we come to the possible sequence of events, the loss of Indochina, of Burma, of Thailand, of the Peninsula, and Indonesia following, now you begin to talk about areas that not only multiply the disadvantages that you would suffer through loss of materials, sources of materials, but now you are talking really about millions and millions and millions of people.”
Where did Eisenhower use this logic to justify US involvement?

Answer 37

French Indochina

Question 38

What powers did the Tonkin Gulf Resolution grant President Johnson?

Answer 38

Broad military powers

Question 39

What was Tonkin Gulf Resolution inspired by?

Answer 39

An attack on an American destroyer off of the coast of Vietnam.

Question 40

What did Americans notice during the Vietnam War?

Answer 40

Discrepancies between what the Johnson administration was reporting and what was really happening.

Question 41

Who was the group most likely to actively protest during the Vietnam War?

Answer 41

Liberal college students

Question 42

The growth of dissatisfaction with Johnson’s handling of the war in Vietnam is a statement that reflects what?

Answer 42

A likely cause for the general trend of change slowly moving down in President Johnson’s approval rating.

Question 43

T/F - Richard Nixon’s promise during the 1968 presidential election to restore law and order appealed to Americans tired of year of protests and riots.

Answer 43

True

Question 44

When did Vietnam become one Communist country?

Answer 44

1975

Question 45

In 1972, a Chippewa protester said, “If the government doesn’t start living up to its obligations, armed residence… will have to become a regular thing.” Who’s philosophies does this statement line up with?

Answer 45

AIM/American Indian Movement

Question 46

What was the outcome of the Equal Rights Amendment?

Answer 46

It was never ratified.

Question 47

“It was like paradise there. Everybody was in love with life and in love with their fellow human beings to the point where they were just sharing in incredible ways with everybody. Taking people in off the street and letting them stay in their homes… You could walk down almost any street in Haight-Ashbury where I was living, and someone would smile at you and just go, ‘Hey, it’s beautiful, isn’t it?’… It was a very special time.” – Alex Forman
What is this quote reflective of?

Answer 47

Life in San Fransisco during the late 1960s.

Question 48

Which group was most likely to disapprove of Hippie culture?

Answer 48

Republicans.

Question 49

“I knew that Zhou had been deeply insulted by Foster Dulles’ refusal to shake hands with him at the Geneva Conference in 1954. When I reached the bottom step, therefore, I made a point of extending my hand as I walked toward him. When our hands met, one era ended and another began.” – Richard M. Nixon
What is the “new era” referenced in this quote?

Answer 49

Nixon’s historic visit to China.

Question 50

What did Nixon’s Southern Strategy include?

Answer 50

Slowing integration.

Question 51

What scandal resulted in Nixon’s resignation?

Answer 51

Watergate

Question 52

T/F - Carter’s resounding popularity, particularly for the handling of the energy crisis, led him to a second term.

Answer 52

False

Question 53

Nuclear power seemed a viable alternative to dependence on foreign oil during the 1970s energy crisis until what incident fueled the concerns on opponents?

Answer 53

Three Mile Island

Question 54

What statement best describes the political shift that occurred as the 1970s gave way to the 1980s?

Answer 54

National sentiment moved from conservative to liberal.

Question 55

“The most debilitating act a government can perpetrate on its citizens is to adopt policies that destroy the economy’s production base, for it is the production base that generates any prosperity to be found in the society. U.S. tax policies over the last decade have had the effect of damaging this base by removing many of the incentives to economic advancement. It is necessary to restore those incentives if we are to cure our economic palsy.” – Arthur Laffer
What does this quote support?

Answer 55

President Reagan’s economic policy, known as Reaganomics, which is also known as supply-side economics, the belief that lower taxes will lead to business investment.

Question 56

What economic class was not a part of the conservative coalition of the early 1980s?

Answer 56

The working poor.

Question 57

What statement accurately reflects urban life during the 1980s?

Answer 57

That cities were burdened by high unemployment rates and crumbling infrastructure.

Question 58

What was an event that led to the end of the Cold War?

Answer 58

The fall of the Soviet Union.

Question 59

What helps to explain the National Dept as a Percent of Gross Domestic Product in regard to the Clinton administration?

Answer 59

Decreases in unemployment and the number of people receiving federal aid.

Question 60

What helps to explain the National Dept as a Percent of Gross Domestic Product in regard to the George W. Bush administration?

Answer 60

The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.

Question 61

What is an example of domestic terrorism?

Answer 61

The 1995 Oklahoma City Bombing

Question 62

The Government of Canada, the Government of the United Mexican States and the Government of the United States of America, resolved to: STRENGTHEN the special bonds of friendship and cooperation among their nations; CONTRIBUTE to the harmonious development and expansion of world trade and provide a catalyst to broader international cooperation; CREATE an expanded and secure market for the goods and services produced in their territories; REDUCE distortions to trade; ESTABLISH clear and mutually advantageous rules governing their trade; ENSURE a predictable commercial framework for business planning and investment; BUILD on their respective rights and obligations under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and other multilateral and bilateral instruments of cooperation.
What is this text preamble to?

Answer 62

NAFTA

Question 63

What has the service sector experienced?

Answer 63

Tremendous growth.

Question 64

What has the manufacturing sector experienced?

Answer 64

A sharp decline.

Question 65

What is a possible nickname for our contemporary era?

Answer 65

The Communication Age.

Question 66

What is likely to put a strain on Medicare and Social Security?

Answer 66

The rising median age of Americans

Question 67

T/F - The economy has been completely stable

Answer 67

False

Question 68

T/F - Little advancement has been made in terms of civil rights

Answer 68

False

Question 69

T/F - Political turmoil has been minimal

Answer 69

False

Question 70

T/F - The United States has gone from superpower status to inconsequential in world affairs

Answer 70

False