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United Nations Flashcards

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1
Q

General Functions of International Court of Justice:

A

Dual Role:

  1. To settle in accordance with international law, the legal disputes submitted to it by the states
  2. To give advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by duly authorized international organs and agencies.
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2
Q

Powers of International Court of Justice:

A
  1. Voluntary Jurisdiction
  2. Compulsory Jurisdiction
  3. Advisory Jurisdiction (opinions)
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3
Q

Other works of International Court of Justice:

A
  1. Sources of Applicable law
  2. Codification of International Law
  3. Evolving procedure for peaceful settlement of disputes
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4
Q

The parties of International Court of justice:

A

Only the member states may apply to and appear before the court.
The member states of UN are entitiled to appear and apply before International Court of Justice

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5
Q

Sources of Applicable law:

A

The court decides cases in accordance with the

  1. International Treaties and Conventions in force
  2. International Customs
  3. General Principles of law

Subsisidiary means:
1. Judicial teachings of the most highly qualifies publicists.

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6
Q
  1. Jurisidiction extends to:
A

a. Disputes pertaining to interpretation of international law
b. Reparation: Compensation to be made for the breach of an International obligation

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7
Q

Voluntary Jurisdicition:

A

The court is COMPETENT to entertain disputes if the states concerned agree to take the issue to it

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8
Q

Compulsory Jurisdiction:

A
  1. Against the background that a large number of treaties provide that disputes are submitted to the court.
  2. Jurisidiction extends to:
    a. Disputes pertaining to interpretation of international law
    b. Reparation: Compensation to be made for the breach of an International obligation
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9
Q

Advisory Opinions:

A

Open solely to international organizations.
Only bodies now are:
5 organs of UN
16 Specialized agencies of UN Family

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10
Q

Codification of International Law:

A

The court has played a significant role in the codification of international law

Examines:

  1. International Conventions and Customs
  2. Judicial decisions
  3. General principles of law

In the process of codification

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11
Q

Evolving procedures for peaceful settlement of disputes:

A

May recomment procedures of settlement during or at the end of the case.
It may recomment terms of settlement.

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12
Q

Decisions:

A

Decision of the court is made by majority of the judges present.

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13
Q

The effect of the jursidiction:

A

A member nation of the UN is obliged to comply with the decision of the court in any case to which it is party.

If any party fails to comply, the other party may take up the matter in security council.

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14
Q

Reasons for the establishment of UN

A
  1. Division of world into 2 power blocs
  2. Fear of the 3rd world war
  3. Destructive weapons
  4. Faulure of league of nations
  5. Disastrous world wars
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15
Q

Leaders of the allied governments

A
  1. President of US: Franklin. D. Roosevelt

2. Prime minister of British: Winston Churchil

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16
Q

Where and when was text for UN charter drafted?

A

June 1945

San Francisco Conference

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17
Q

How many of members signed the charter?

A

50 Participating nations

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18
Q

When did UN officially come into existence and HOw>?

A

October 24, 1945

when 29 countries including 5 permanent members of security council ratified the UN charter

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19
Q

United nations Day

A

October 24

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20
Q

Objective of UN is in

A

Article 1 of the Charter

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21
Q

4 Objectives of UN:

A
  1. To Maintain international peace and security
  2. To develop firendly realtions among nations
  3. To achieve international co-operation
  4. To be a centre for hormonizing the actions of nations
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22
Q
  1. To maintain international peace and security:
A

Suppress or prevention of any threats or breaches of peace

Suppress any acts of Aggression or other breeches of peace

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23
Q

2.To develop friendly relations among nations:

A

based on the respect for the principle of self determination and equal rights

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24
Q
  1. To Achieve international co-operation
A

In solving ___ propblems

Encouraging respect for the human rights and fundamental freedoms

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25
Q
  1. To be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations
A

In the attainment of these common ends

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26
Q

New objectives set:

A

Disarm, Decolonize and Develop

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27
Q

Any 4 Principles of UN:

A
  1. All the members should fulfil the obligations made by them in good faith
  2. They should rspect the sovereign equality of all its members
  3. They should refrain from threat or use of any kind of force against any state
  4. UN shall not intervene in the domestic affairs of any state
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28
Q

Headquarters:

A

All organs of UN is based on New York, USA

Except International Court of Justice –> Hague, Netherlands

29
Q

Flag:

A

The Un flag is light blue in color.

In its centre is the polar map of the world embraced by twin olive branches/

30
Q

Date of adoption of Flag:

A

October 20, 1947

31
Q

Official Languages:

A 
French
Russian
Arabic
Chinese
English
Spanish

Fraces

32
Q

Working languages:

A

English and French

33
Q

Documents are written only in

A

Working languages

34
Q

Finances of UN:

A

Contributions made by the member countries

35
Q

Contribution is decided by:

A

General assembly

Recommendation of committee on contributions

36
Q

Membership is open:

A

open to all peace loving nations
believe in the pricniples of UN
Accept the obligations of UN charter

37
Q

Who are the original members:

A

50 countries who took part in san francisco conference

Signed and approved the charter became original members of UN

38
Q

How are other countries admitted?

A

By general assembly

upon the recommendation of security council by 2/3rd majority of votes

39
Q

The last country to be admitted in

A

South Sudan

40
Q

India as an original member:

A

India was an original member.
Was represented by nehru.

Has been in the forefront of Un peace keeping operations.

Sent troops to africa and other parts of the world

41
Q

6 Principal organs of UN:

A
  1. General assembly
  2. SC
  3. Economic and Social counci;
  4. ICJ
  5. Trusteeship council
  6. Secretariat
42
Q

General assembly:

A

Main delibrative organ of UN.

Working of Un is determined by the will of the majority memebrs as expressed in resolutions adopted by assembly

43
Q

Composition of General assembly:

A

all members of UN
Each country has 5 representativesd in GA.
Each country has 1 vote

44
Q

Officials of General assembly:

A
  1. President
    21 vice president

Chairmen of 6 men committees

45
Q

Decisions on important matters:
Other matters:
(majority)

A

2/3rd

members present and voting

46
Q

Important matters include:

A
  1. Election of Non-permanent members of Security council
  2. Admission og new members
  3. budetary issues
47
Q

Powers and Functions: (heading)

A
  1. International Peace and security
  2. Recommendations
  3. Consider
  4. Elect and Appoint
48
Q

International Peace and Security:

GA

A

Conider and make recommendations on the principle of co-operation in the maintenance of IPS

Ay q relating to IPS and to make recommendations to it

49
Q
  1. Recommendations:
A

Make recommendations for peaceful settlements of disputes

50
Q
  1. Receive:
A

to consider and approve the budget of UN
and
Apportion contributions among members

51
Q
  1. Elect and Apoint
A

Ekect the Non-permananent members of SC, Economic and social council and trusteeship council

Appoint the secretary general on recommendations of security council

52
Q

Uniting for peace:

A

1950

53
Q

when can ga make no recommendations with regard to a dispute or situation

A

When SC is exercising its functions assigned to it in UN Charter.

54
Q

Security Council:

A

It is main executive body of the UN.

Functions Continuously.

55
Q

Primary responsibiluity of SC:

A

Maintenance of International Peace and Security

56
Q

Composition:

A

15 members.

5 permanent memberss.

57
Q

How are non-permanent members of SC elected?

A

Elected by GA by 2/3rd majority for a term of 2 years.
Retiring member is not eligible for immediate re-election.

58
Q

Presidency of SC:

A

Rotates monthly, English alphabetical listing of its member states

59
Q

5 Permanent members of the Security council:

A

China, France, Russia, Britain and USA

60
Q

Veto Power:

A

Negative vote of a permanent member is called Veto Power.

SC is powerless to act if any of the 5 permanent members uses the Veto Power.

61
Q

Absistence from voting and Veto Power:

A

Doesnt amount to Veto

62
Q

Functions and powers of SC

A
  1. To maintain international peace and security in accodance with the principle and purpose of the UN
  2. To investigate any dispute or situation leading to international friction
  3. To call on nations to apply economic sanctions and other means which doesnt involve use of any force
  4. To take military action on aggresor
  5. to make recommendations on admission of new members
63
Q

International Court of Justice:

A

Principal Judicial organ of UN

The Hague, Netherlands.

64
Q

ICJ replaces __ on ___

A

Permanent court of international justice

1946

65
Q

Composition of ICJ:1

A

15 judges —> 9 year terms of office by GA and SC, Sitting independently of each other.

Not include more than one judge from a same naitionality

66
Q

Qualification of Judges of ICJ:

A

Possess the qualifications required in their respective countries for the appointment to highest judicial offices or be jurists of recognized competence in internation law

67
Q

Court and President and Vice president:

A

3 year term.

When term expires –> Re-elected

68
Q

Elections for IJC:

A

Held every 3 years for 1/3rd of the seats and

retiring judges may be re-elected

History!! (5 decks)

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