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United Nations Flashcards

1
Q

General Functions of International Court of Justice:

A

Dual Role:

  1. To settle in accordance with international law, the legal disputes submitted to it by the states
  2. To give advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by duly authorized international organs and agencies.
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2
Q

Powers of International Court of Justice:

A
  1. Voluntary Jurisdiction
  2. Compulsory Jurisdiction
  3. Advisory Jurisdiction (opinions)
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3
Q

Other works of International Court of Justice:

A
  1. Sources of Applicable law
  2. Codification of International Law
  3. Evolving procedure for peaceful settlement of disputes
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4
Q

The parties of International Court of justice:

A

Only the member states may apply to and appear before the court.
The member states of UN are entitiled to appear and apply before International Court of Justice

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5
Q

Sources of Applicable law:

A

The court decides cases in accordance with the

  1. International Treaties and Conventions in force
  2. International Customs
  3. General Principles of law

Subsisidiary means:
1. Judicial teachings of the most highly qualifies publicists.

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6
Q
  1. Jurisidiction extends to:
A

a. Disputes pertaining to interpretation of international law
b. Reparation: Compensation to be made for the breach of an International obligation

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7
Q

Voluntary Jurisdicition:

A

The court is COMPETENT to entertain disputes if the states concerned agree to take the issue to it

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8
Q

Compulsory Jurisdiction:

A
  1. Against the background that a large number of treaties provide that disputes are submitted to the court.
  2. Jurisidiction extends to:
    a. Disputes pertaining to interpretation of international law
    b. Reparation: Compensation to be made for the breach of an International obligation
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9
Q

Advisory Opinions:

A

Open solely to international organizations.
Only bodies now are:
5 organs of UN
16 Specialized agencies of UN Family

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10
Q

Codification of International Law:

A

The court has played a significant role in the codification of international law

Examines:

  1. International Conventions and Customs
  2. Judicial decisions
  3. General principles of law

In the process of codification

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11
Q

Evolving procedures for peaceful settlement of disputes:

A

May recomment procedures of settlement during or at the end of the case.
It may recomment terms of settlement.

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12
Q

Decisions:

A

Decision of the court is made by majority of the judges present.

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13
Q

The effect of the jursidiction:

A

A member nation of the UN is obliged to comply with the decision of the court in any case to which it is party.

If any party fails to comply, the other party may take up the matter in security council.

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14
Q

Reasons for the establishment of UN

A
  1. Division of world into 2 power blocs
  2. Fear of the 3rd world war
  3. Destructive weapons
  4. Faulure of league of nations
  5. Disastrous world wars
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15
Q

Leaders of the allied governments

A
  1. President of US: Franklin. D. Roosevelt

2. Prime minister of British: Winston Churchil

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16
Q

Where and when was text for UN charter drafted?

A

June 1945

San Francisco Conference

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17
Q

How many of members signed the charter?

A

50 Participating nations

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18
Q

When did UN officially come into existence and HOw>?

A

October 24, 1945

when 29 countries including 5 permanent members of security council ratified the UN charter

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19
Q

United nations Day

A

October 24

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20
Q

Objective of UN is in

A

Article 1 of the Charter

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21
Q

4 Objectives of UN:

A
  1. To Maintain international peace and security
  2. To develop firendly realtions among nations
  3. To achieve international co-operation
  4. To be a centre for hormonizing the actions of nations
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22
Q
  1. To maintain international peace and security:
A

Suppress or prevention of any threats or breaches of peace

Suppress any acts of Aggression or other breeches of peace

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23
Q

2.To develop friendly relations among nations:

A

based on the respect for the principle of self determination and equal rights

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24
Q
  1. To Achieve international co-operation
A

In solving ___ propblems

Encouraging respect for the human rights and fundamental freedoms

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25
4. To be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations
In the attainment of these common ends
26
New objectives set:
Disarm, Decolonize and Develop
27
Any 4 Principles of UN:
1. All the members should fulfil the obligations made by them in good faith 2. They should rspect the sovereign equality of all its members 3. They should refrain from threat or use of any kind of force against any state 4. UN shall not intervene in the domestic affairs of any state
28
Headquarters:
All organs of UN is based on New York, USA | Except International Court of Justice --> Hague, Netherlands
29
Flag:
The Un flag is light blue in color. | In its centre is the polar map of the world embraced by twin olive branches/
30
Date of adoption of Flag:
October 20, 1947
31
Official Languages:
``` French Russian Arabic Chinese English Spanish ``` Fraces
32
Working languages:
English and French
33
Documents are written only in
Working languages
34
Finances of UN:
Contributions made by the member countries
35
Contribution is decided by:
General assembly Recommendation of committee on contributions
36
Membership is open:
open to all peace loving nations believe in the pricniples of UN Accept the obligations of UN charter
37
Who are the original members:
50 countries who took part in san francisco conference Signed and approved the charter became original members of UN
38
How are other countries admitted?
By general assembly | upon the recommendation of security council by 2/3rd majority of votes
39
The last country to be admitted in
South Sudan
40
India as an original member:
India was an original member. Was represented by nehru. Has been in the forefront of Un peace keeping operations. Sent troops to africa and other parts of the world
41
6 Principal organs of UN:
1. General assembly 2. SC 3. Economic and Social counci; 4. ICJ 5. Trusteeship council 6. Secretariat
42
General assembly:
Main delibrative organ of UN. | Working of Un is determined by the will of the majority memebrs as expressed in resolutions adopted by assembly
43
Composition of General assembly:
all members of UN Each country has 5 representativesd in GA. Each country has 1 vote
44
Officials of General assembly:
1. President 21 vice president Chairmen of 6 men committees
45
Decisions on important matters: Other matters: (majority)
2/3rd | members present and voting
46
Important matters include:
1. Election of Non-permanent members of Security council 2. Admission og new members 3. budetary issues
47
Powers and Functions: (heading)
1. International Peace and security 2. Recommendations 3. Consider 4. Elect and Appoint
48
International Peace and Security: | GA
Conider and make recommendations on the principle of co-operation in the maintenance of IPS Ay q relating to IPS and to make recommendations to it
49
2. Recommendations:
Make recommendations for peaceful settlements of disputes
50
3. Receive:
to consider and approve the budget of UN and Apportion contributions among members
51
4. Elect and Apoint
Ekect the Non-permananent members of SC, Economic and social council and trusteeship council Appoint the secretary general on recommendations of security council
52
Uniting for peace:
1950
53
when can ga make no recommendations with regard to a dispute or situation
When SC is exercising its functions assigned to it in UN Charter.
54
Security Council:
It is main executive body of the UN. | Functions Continuously.
55
Primary responsibiluity of SC:
Maintenance of International Peace and Security
56
Composition:
15 members. | 5 permanent memberss.
57
How are non-permanent members of SC elected?
10. Elected by GA by 2/3rd majority for a term of 2 years. Retiring member is not eligible for immediate re-election.
58
Presidency of SC:
Rotates monthly, English alphabetical listing of its member states
59
5 Permanent members of the Security council:
China, France, Russia, Britain and USA
60
Veto Power:
Negative vote of a permanent member is called Veto Power. SC is powerless to act if any of the 5 permanent members uses the Veto Power.
61
Absistence from voting and Veto Power:
Doesnt amount to Veto
62
Functions and powers of SC
1. To maintain international peace and security in accodance with the principle and purpose of the UN 2. To investigate any dispute or situation leading to international friction 3. To call on nations to apply economic sanctions and other means which doesnt involve use of any force 4. To take military action on aggresor 5. to make recommendations on admission of new members
63
International Court of Justice:
Principal Judicial organ of UN | The Hague, Netherlands.
64
ICJ replaces __ on ___
Permanent court of international justice | 1946
65
Composition of ICJ:1
15 judges ---> 9 year terms of office by GA and SC, Sitting independently of each other. Not include more than one judge from a same naitionality
66
Qualification of Judges of ICJ:
Possess the qualifications required in their respective countries for the appointment to highest judicial offices or be jurists of recognized competence in internation law
67
Court and President and Vice president:
3 year term. | When term expires --> Re-elected
68
Elections for IJC:
Held every 3 years for 1/3rd of the seats and retiring judges may be re-elected

History!! (5 decks)

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