Unit6Vocabulary

Question 1

Skewed Left

Answer 1

Also known as negatively skewed, the bulk of the data items are clustered on the positive end of a graph with the long tail to the left.

Question 2

Mean

Answer 2

The average value of all the data in a dataset. Calculated by adding up the values of all data items and then dividing by the number of items in the dataset.

Question 2

z-score

Answer 2

A value indicating the number of standard deviations a data item is from the mean of its dataset.

Question 3

Box and Whisker Plot

Answer 3

A graphical representation of the five number summary.

Question 5

Upper Quartile

Answer 5

The median of the upper half of a dataset.

Question 7

Bivariate

Answer 7

Two datasets used to measure correlation.

Question 8

Strong Positive Correlation

Answer 8

Indicated by a correlation coefficient as defined below:

{ r | 0.7 < r < 1 }

Question 8

Weak Negative Correlation

Answer 8

Indicated by a correlation coefficient as defined below:

{ r | -0.1 < r < -0.3 }

Question 8

Weak Positive Correlation

Answer 8

Indicated by a correlation coefficient as defined below:

{ r | 0.1 < 0.3 }

Question 9

Maximum

Answer 9

The largest data value in a dataset.

Question 9

Neutral Positive Correlation

Answer 9

Indicated by a correlation coefficient as defined below:

{ r | 0.4 < r < 0.6 }

Question 10

Correlation Coefficient

Answer 10

A statistical measure of how linear a bivariate dataset is. Typically represented with a lowercase r:

{ r | -1 < r < 1 }

Question 10

Lower Quartile

Answer 10

The median value of the lower half of a dataset.

Question 11

Skewed Right

Answer 11

Also known as positively skewed, the bulk of the data items are clustered on the negative end of a graph with the long tail to the right.

Question 12

Histogram

Answer 12

A graphical representation of the clustering of a dataset based on a specified bin width and the number of data items within each bin.

Question 14

Bell Curve

Answer 14

A graphical representation of the spread of a normal dataset indicating 1, 2, and 3 standard deviations from mean.

Question 14

Median

Answer 14

The middle data item in a dataset. When the number of items is even, the median is calculated by taking the middle 2 terms and averaging them.

Question 15

Standard Deviation

Answer 15

A statistical measure of the average distance the data items within a dataset are from the mean.

Question 16

Strong Negative Correlation

Answer 16

Indicated by a correlation coefficient as defined below:

{ r | -0.7 < r < -1 }

Question 17

Causation

Answer 17

In a bivariate data analysis, high correlation is often cited as an indication of a causal relationship. Causation is when it is proven that one thing causes a change in another thing. Correlation does not imply causation.

Question 17

No Correlation

Answer 17

Indicated by a correlation coefficient near or equal to zero.

Question 19

Five Number Summary

Answer 19

A measure of a dataset’s spread and distribution accomplished by partitioning the data into quarters:

1. Minimum
2. Lower Quartile
3. Median
4. Upper Quartile
5. Maximum

Question 21

Minimum

Answer 21

The data item with the smallest value in a dataset.

Question 23

Interquartile Range

Answer 23

The difference between the upper and lower quartiles of a dataset.

Question 24

Outlier

Answer 24

A data item within a dataset whose value is far from the bulk of the other data item’s values.

Question 25

Normal Distribution

Answer 25

A dataset whose histogram maps closely to a bell curve.

Question 26

Mode

Answer 26

The number(s) that appear the most in a dataset. If all items appear only once, then there is no mode defined for that dataset.

Question 28

Neutral Negative Correlation

Answer 28

Indicated by a correlation coefficient as defined below:

{ r | -0.4 < r < -0.6 }

Question 29

Data Spread

Answer 29

A measure of the range of a dataset.

Question 30

Percentile Ranking

Answer 30

The percentage of data items whose values are less than the item being ranked.

Question 31

Range

Answer 31

The width of a dataset’s values. It is calculated as the difference between the maximum and minimum of a dataset.

Question 32

Data Distribution

Answer 32

A measure of a datasets clustering and spread.