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Biology Unit 5 > Unit5 Biology > Flashcards

Unit5 Biology Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Scientists think that archaea could exist on___________

A

Mars

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2
Q

An obligate________is an organism that must live in an environment that does not contain oxygen

A

Anaerobe

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3
Q

Answer true or false

Eubacteria are the true bacteria

A

True

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4
Q

Sexual reproduction in Bacteria is called________

A

Conjugation

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5
Q

Examples of three illnesses caused by harmful bacteria are ____________, ___________,&__________

A

Pneumonia
Strep throat
Ear infections

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6
Q

Cyanobacteria is a special type of bacteria that performs______________

A

Photosynthesis

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7
Q

Psychrophile means a __________ microorganism

A

Cold-loving

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8
Q

A(n)_________ is a reproductive cell that can produce new organisms without fertilization

A

Spore

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9
Q

Answer true or false

An endospore is a protective protein coat that bacteria can come form when conditions become harsh

A

True

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10
Q

Psychrophiles can be found in ______________

A

Glaciers

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11
Q

Asexual reproduction during which a bacterium clones itself & splits into two genetically identical organisms is called binary _________

A

Fission

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12
Q

Halophiles live in areas of ___________ salt concentration

A

High

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13
Q

An obligate __________ is an organism that must live in an environment that contains oxygen

A

Aerobe

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14
Q

__________are the source of most of the worlds natural gas

A

Methanogens

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15
Q

What are the three shapes of bacteria

A

Round
Spiral
Rod-shaped

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16
Q

Which of the following is NOT a way to pass HIV virus from person to person?

A

By sharing glasses,forks,spoons,or other utensils

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17
Q

AIDS(the disease caused by HIV) is responsible for killing _______people since 1981

A

30 million

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18
Q

HIV targets the body’s _________system

A

Immune

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19
Q

The________cycle is used by a virus to destroy the host cell to reproduce the virus

A

Lytic

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20
Q

A parasite is an organism that requires another organism to _________&__________most often to the harm of the host organism

A

Reproduce

Function

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21
Q

__________is an example of a retrovirus

A

HIV

22
Q

What is an infective agent that typically consists of a nucleus acid molecule in a protein coat

A

Virus

23
Q

A person is considered to have AIDS when the T-helper count drops below _______cells per one milliliter of blood

A

200,000

24
Q

All viruses reproduce with the _______ cycle

A

Lytic

25
Q

Some viruses use a _______ cycle before beginning the lytic cycle in which the viral DNA is inserted into the hosts DNA

A

Lysogenic

26
Q

The average length of time that passes between a person being infected with HIV to having AIDS is_________

A

10-15 years

27
Q

Every virus is made up of these two things:____________

A

Protein coat and nucleic acid

28
Q

Answer true or false

Finding a cure for AIDS has been so difficult Because the HIV virus mutates fairly easy

A

True

29
Q

A(n) _______ is a weakened or dead version of an infectious agent such as a virus, resulting in a persons body forming antibodies that destroy the infectious agent when they encounter it, thereby bestowing immunity upon the person

A

Vaccine

30
Q

Why is targeting T-helper cells so damaging to humans? The fewer of these helper cells there are, the less ability the _______system has to fight off infection

A

Immune

31
Q

______are the feet-like structures of amoebas

A

Pseudopodia

32
Q

Answer true or false

Penicillin is an example of deuteromycota

A

True

33
Q

What are three things yeasts are used for?

A

Used in making beer or wine
Used in baking bread
Used in the genetic engineering of vaccines

34
Q

Answer true or false

Fungi are placed into the four different phyla based on the way they produce spores during asexual reproduction

A

True

35
Q

Protists are organisms with _________cells that are not plants, animals, or fungi

A

Eukaryotic

36
Q

______________can use red tides and have bioluminescence

A

Dinoflagellates

37
Q

What is a fungus?

A

It is an organism that obtains its energy from dead,decaying organic matter.

38
Q

A_________is a unicellular or multicultural organism that is heterotropic; feeding off dead organic matter or parasite, feeding off living organisms; reproduces through spores

A

Fungus

39
Q

The multicellular algae are the ____________,_____________, and __________

A

Brown algae
Green algae
Red algae

40
Q

What is the name of the dividing walls or membranes in the hyphae of a fungus?

A

Septa

41
Q

Answer true or false

The majority of fungi reproduce asexually through spores

A

True

42
Q

Which of the following are NOT examples of items in which you find diatoms in your everyday life?

A

Cutlery
Pencil
Glass

43
Q

___________ are plant like protists that perform photosynthesis

A

Algae

44
Q

Ascomycota encompasses the following fungi:

A

Yeasts,truffles,&morels

45
Q

A vector is an organism that can carry a parasite,and is responsible for__________other organisms (host) with that parasite

A

Infecting

46
Q

What is the basic structure unit for a fungus called?

A

Hyphae

47
Q

Three examples of basidiomycotes are:

A

Mushrooms
Bracket fungi
Puffballs

48
Q

In their cell walls,fungi have___________instead of cellulose like plants cell walls

A

Chitin

49
Q

Fungus-like protists get their energy through ___________

A

Extracellular digestion

50
Q

Zygomycota encompasses the following fungi:________

A

Various fruit molds and black bread molds

51
Q

_____________is a network of hyphae that form part of a fungus

A

Mycelium

52
Q

A lichen is a combination of which two types of organisms?

A

Fungus and algae

Biology Unit 5 (1 decks)

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