unit2 section 1 and 2 notes

Question 1

Definition: The ability to do _____

Answer 1

work

Question 2

Nearly all energy on Earth comes from one main source, the _____

Answer 2

Sun

Question 3

What are the 3 different ways energy can flow?

Answer 3

Radiation, Convection, and Conduction

Question 4

Energy from the sun reaches Earth through radiation, the movement of energy as visible light, ultraviolet rays, and other types of electromagnetic _____

Answer 4

Wave

Question 5

Unlike, conduction and convection, radiation does not require a ____

Answer 5

Medium

Question 6

The movement of energy through electromagnetic radiation

Answer 6

Radiation

Question 7

The transfer of heat energy through collisions of the atoms or molecules of a substance

Answer 7

Conduction

Question 8

The movement of matter caused by differences in density

Answer 8

Convection

Question 9

More than ___ of the thermal energy that we feel on the ground, in the ocean water, and the atmosphere comes either directly or indirectly from
the sun

Answer 9

99.98%

Question 10

Leftover heat from Earth’s ____ and energy released by atoms during radioactive _____ processes

Answer 10

Formation, and decay

Question 11

Albedo - Measure of the percentage of light that a particular surface will _____

Answer 11

Reflection

Question 12

light or energy is taken in by a particle

Answer 12

Absorption

Question 13

light or energy is bounced around from particle to particle Earth’s

Answer 13

Scattering

Question 14

As long as the amount of radiation entering Earth’s system and the amount leaving Earth’s system are equal, Earth’s surface air temp. Remains ____

Answer 14

Stable

Question 15

Surface air temp. Differs from place to place and changes over the course of the day and from season to season, but the ____

Answer 15

Average annual global temperature does not change

Question 16

The widely accepted model of the formation of the solar system indicates that ____ through accretion, or gradual buildup, as smaller rocky bodies in space collided.

Answer 16

Earth

Question 17

The amount of radiation that any specific region of Earth receives depends on the angle of the ___ in the sky

Answer 17

Sun

Question 18

The ____ the sun in the sky, the more radiation that reaches each square meter of the surface and atmosphere

Answer 18

Higher

Question 19

Waters in equatorial regions are heated up as they ____ direct solar radiation

Answer 19

Absorb

Question 20

Wind also moves solar energy toward the ____ via convection

Answer 20

Poles

Question 21

The effect of albedo on climate shows how a change in a system can lead to further ___ - a process called feedback

Answer 21

Change

Question 22

_____ feedback because the change leads to further change of the same type.

Answer 22

Positive

Question 23

____ feedback occurs when a process counteracts a change, slowing the change or moving the system back toward its previous state

Answer 23

Negative