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mental health > unit two part two (Davis's parts) > Flashcards

unit two part two (Davis's parts) Flashcards

1
Q

(ch 13)what are characteristics of immediate and long-term individual responses to trauma and stressors

A

experiences that are extraordinary in intensity and severity; stresses well beyond the stress of daily life; expected to disrupt anyone’s life, not just people at risk for mental health problems

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2
Q

(ch 13)what are risk factors of immediate and long-term individual responses to trauma and stressors

A

individual trauma/stressors such as abuse or illness;
group trauma/stressors such as war, terrorist attack, or natural disaster

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3
Q

(ch 13)what are dynamics/ manifestations of immediate and long-term individual responses to trauma and stressors

A

all persons may experience anxiety, insomnia, difficult coping, grief; however most people are able to work through those experiences and return to usual levels of coping;
some individuals have difficultly coping, managing stress and emotions, and resuming daily activities and that’s when further complications may develop

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4
Q

(ch 13)what are examples of further complications/illnesses that can develop of a person is unable to cope and move on

A
  • adjustment disorder
  • acute stress disorder
  • PTSD
  • dissociative disorder
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5
Q

(ch 13)what is PTSD

A

a disturbing pattern of behavior demonstrated by someone who has experience, witnessed, or been confronted with a traumatic event, such as natural disaster, combat, or assault, that posed actual or threatened death or serious injury and resulted in intense fear, helplessness, and terror

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6
Q

(ch 13)when do PTSD symptoms usually occur

A

3 months or more after the traumatic event

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7
Q

(ch 13)what are examples of symptoms of PTSD

A

-re-experiencing the trauma through dreams or thoughts
-avoidance
-negative cognition
-being on guard
-emotional numbness
-irritability and hyper-arousal

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8
Q

(ch 13)what type of patients are more likely to develop PTSD

A

adolescents

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9
Q

(ch 13)what are factors that can cause an increased incidence of PTSD

A

-age
-gender
-type of trauma
-repeated trauma

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10
Q

(ch 13)when suffering from PTSD, patients have increased risk for what

A

-suicide
-substance abuse
-poor social support
-academic problems
-poor physical health

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11
Q

(ch 13)what is the most effective way to deal with PTSD

A

effectively dealing with the trauma soon after it occurs by having a person describe what they experiences or witnessed and if a person is reluctant to share what they are feeling, they are more likely to ignore their importance of self-worth and put them at an increased risk for future problems

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12
Q

(ch 13)what is a subconscious defense mechanism that helps protect his or her emotional self from recognizing full effects of some horrific or traumatic event by allowing the mind to forget or remove itself from the painful situation or memory

A

dissociation

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13
Q

(ch 13)what have the essential feature of a disruption in the usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, or environmental perception that often interferes with a person’s personal relationships ability to function in daily life, ability to cope with the realities of the abusive or traumatic event

A

dissociative disorders

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14
Q

(ch 13)what are types of dissociative disorders

A

-dissociative amnesia
-depersonalization/derealization disorder
-dissociative identity disorder

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15
Q

(ch 13)what is when a person cannot remember important personal information and includes a fugue experience where the client suddenly moves to a anew geographic location with no memory of past and assumes new identity

A

dissociative amnesia

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16
Q

(ch 13)what is when a client has a persistent or recurrent feeling of being detached from his or her mental processes or body or they have the sensation of being in a dream-like state in which the environment seems foggy or unreal

A

depersonalization/derealization disorder

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17
Q

(ch 13)what is when they client displays 2 or more distinct identities or personality states that recurrently take control of his or her behavior and is accompanied by the inability to recall important personal information; often has a history of being abused as a child, maltreatment as a child, or sexually abused as a child

A

dissociative identity disorder

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18
Q

(ch 13)what is the goal of treatment options for dissociative disorders and what are some examples of treatment

A

goal is to improve the quality of life and improve functional ability and reduce symptoms;
examples: medications, group or individual therapy

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19
Q

(ch 14)what is a state of apprehension, dread, uneasiness, or uncertainty generated by a real or perceived threat whose actual source is unidentifiable

A

anxiety

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20
Q

(ch 14)what is feeling afraid or threatened by a clearly identifiable external stimulus that represents danger

A

fear

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21
Q

(ch 14)who experiences anxiety

A

all human beings; it is unavoidable in life

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22
Q

(ch 14)when is anxiety considered a healthy adaptive reaction

A

when it alerts the person to impending threats and when it motivates the person to take action to solve a problem or resolve a crisis

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23
Q

(ch 14)when is anxiety considered pathological

A

when it is disproportionate to the risk, continues after the threat no longer exists, and when it interferes with functioning

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24
Q

(ch 14)what is stress

A

the wear and tear that life causes on the body; it occurs when a person has difficulty dealing with life situations; each person handles stress differently

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25
Q

(ch 14)what is the general adaptation syndrome

A

an automatic physical reaction to stress mediated by the sympathetic nervous system

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26
Q

(ch 14)what are the two distinct states of general adaptation syndrome

A

1) adaptive
2) maladaptive

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27
Q

(ch 14)what are the three states of reaction to stress

A

1) alarm reaction stage (preparation for defense)
2) resistance stage (blood shunted to areas needed for defense)
3) exhaustion state (stores depleted; emotional components unresolved)

28
Q

(ch 14)what is when a patient:
-associated with the tension of every day life
-person is alert, perceptual field is increased, learning is facilitated
-physiological responses are within normal limits
-affect is positive (good thing)

A

mild anxiety

29
Q

(ch 14)what is when a person:
-focus is on immediate concerns
-the perceptual field is narrowed
-low-level sympathetic nervous system arousal occurs
-tension and fear are experiences
(feels as if something is wrong and the person becomes agitated but can still process what is going on)

A

moderate anxiety

30
Q

(ch 14)what is when a person:
-dread and terror
-details are blown out of proportion
-personality os disorganized and unable to function
-physiological arousal interferes with motor activities
-overwhelming emotions cause regression to primitive or childlike behaviors
(the client may feel depersonalized and have derealization)

A

panic anxiety

31
Q

(ch 14)what is an intense illogical persistent fear of specific object or situation with a response that is out of proportion to the situation or circumstance

32
Q

(ch 14)what are categories of phobias

A

-agoraphobia
-specific phobia
-social anxiety or phobia

33
Q

(ch 14)what is thinking about a negative or challenging situation in a more positive way and involves identifying a lesson to be learned from a difficult situation

A

postive reframing

34
Q

(ch 14)what is based on the principle that we all have a right to express our thoughts, feelings, and needs to others, as long as we do so in a respectful way

A

assertiveness training

35
Q

(ch 14)what is an evidence-based therapy approach that combines relaxation techniques with gradual exposure to help you slowly overcome a phobia

A

systemic desensitization

36
Q

(ch 14)what is a technique in behavior therapy in which the individual is exposed directly to a maximum-intensity anxiety-producing situation or stimulus, either described or real, without any attempt made to lessen or avoid anxiety or fear during the exposure

37
Q

(ch 14)what is exposing the target patient to anxiety source without the intention to cause danger

38
Q

(ch 14)what is refraining from compulsion, avoidance, or escape behavior

A

response prevention

39
Q

(ch 14)what are the three types of anxiety and how do you want to treat them

A

1) reality anxiety
2) moral anxiety
3) neurotic anxiety
you want to treat anxiety as a whole more than the specific types

40
Q

(ch 14)what are cognitive-behavioral therapy techniques that effectively are used for anxiety disorders

A
  • postive reframing
  • decatastrophizing
  • assertiveness training
41
Q

(ch 14)what is decatastrophizing related to anxiety disorders

A

making more realistic appraisal of situation; dont diminish the feelings, just encourage the patient to assess their feelings (ex: is it as bad as you imagined?)

42
Q

(ch 15)what are recurrent, persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or impulses that cause marked anxiety and interfere with interpersonal, social, or occupational function

A

obsessions

43
Q

(ch 15)what are ritualistic or repetitive behaviors or mental acts that a person carries out continuously to neutralize anxiety

A

compulsions

44
Q

(ch 15)when is OCD diagnosed

A

only when these thoughts, images, and impulses consume a person or compels them to act out the behaviors to a point at which they interfere with personal, social, or occupational functions

45
Q

(ch 15)what is when a person with thoughts know they are excessive or unreasonable but believe the have no control over them

A

obsessive-compulsive disorder

46
Q

(ch 15)what do the OCD spectrum include

A

1) self-soothing behaviors
2) reward-seeking behaviors
3) disorders of body appearance or function

47
Q

(ch 15)what are the three models of the etiology of OCD

A

1) cognitive
2) genetic
3) immune

48
Q

(ch 16)what are major behaviors of schizophrenia

A

-perceptions
-thought (cognitive / process content)
-affect (emotions)
-motivation

49
Q

(ch 16)what are delusions

A

fixed, false beliefs that have no basis in reality

50
Q

(ch 16)what are loose associations

A

commonly demonstrated through fragmented/poorly regulated thoughts and ideas

51
Q

(ch 16)what is echolalia (think echo)

A

when the patient keeps repeating the same word

52
Q

(ch 16)what is word salad

A

stringing words together that aren’t connected in any way

53
Q

(ch 16)what are ideas of reference

A

false impressions that during specific events has specific meaning to the person

54
Q

(ch 16)what is what a person feels is not in keeping with what one would normally expect

A

affect (emotions)

55
Q

(ch 16)what are examples of affect (emotions)

A

-blunted
-flattened
-inappropriate
-over-responsive
-labile

56
Q

(ch 16)what is when a person only has a few observable facial expressions

57
Q

(ch 16)what is when a person has no facial expressions

58
Q

(ch 16)what is when a person has affect that is incongruent with the context of the situation

A

inappropriate

59
Q

(ch 16)what is a big reaction to a situation

A

over-responsiveness

60
Q

(ch 16)what is when a person’s expressions change rapidly and are all over

61
Q

(ch 16)what is withdrawal

A

social isolation

62
Q

(ch 16)what is regression

A

-primitive level of functioning
-adult person acting like a toddler
-gone to an earlier level of functioning

63
Q

(ch 16)what is ambivalence

A

going back and forth between a love and hate feeling

64
Q

(ch 16)what are the three changed in motor behavior

A

1) catatonic
2) motor excitement
3) impulsive behavior

65
Q

(ch 16)what type of symptoms pertain to the thought component

A

positive symptoms

66
Q

(ch 16)what type of symptoms pertain to the affect or emotional component

A

negative symptoms

mental health (3 decks)

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