Unit Two: Human Systems Flashcards
Cultural Hearth
Knowing accurate information about a culture
Ex: someone who knows a lot about Indian culture.
Innovation
New methods, products, or ideas
Ex:television
Acculturation
One cultural group adopts the beliefs and behaviors of another
Ex: daughter of an immigrant who adapts to the new education system in her new country
Culture
The cumulative deposit of knowledge, experience, beliefs, etc. in a society
Ex: European culture
Nation
Common culture (share a territory, identity and strong sense of unity) Ex: Cherokee nation
State
Political boundary (also a country) Ex: Canada
Nation-State
When a nation and state are on the same territory
Ex: European countries
Cultural diffusion
Spread of ideas, diseases, technology, etc. among places.
Ex: Apple
Stateless nation
When a nation does not have an official territory
Ex: Kurdistan
What types of climates tend to be the most highly populated, which areas the least populated and why?
Habitate, and mild climate, has necessities of life b/c it’s easier to live
Subsistence agriculture
Growing stuff that is necessary for you to live
Cottage industry
Personal
Commercial agriculture
Growing stuff to make money
Commercial industry
Big profit
Primary economic activity
Raw materials
Ex: growing coffee beans
Secondary economic activity
Processing and manufacturing
Ex: putting the coffee beans through a machine
Tertiary economic activity
Business and professional services
Ex: barista at Starbucks
Quaternary economic activity
Information and intellectual services
Ex: research
Stage One
Least developed
High birth and death rates
Undeveloped
Stage Two
High birth, low death rates
Worst case scenario
Population boom
Undeveloped
Stage Three
Lower birth and death rates
Developing/developed (just depends)
Stage 4
Lowest birth and death rates
Best case scenario
Developed
Least developed stage
One
Stage going through a population boom
Two
Most developed stage
Four
Renewable resource
Can be used again and replaced naturally
Ex: oxygen
Non-renewable resource
Can not be replaced naturally
Ex: fossil fuels
Inexhaustible resource
Endless supply
Ex: wind power
How is a natural resource dispersed around the planet?
Randomly or unevenly
Ethnic group
Group of people who share a common cultural background
Democracy
Citizens have the power
Monarchy
Ruling family headed by a king or queen
Dictatorship
Individual or group has all of the power
Communism
All political power and means of production or held by the government in the name of all the people
Theocracy
Government controlled by religious leaders
Free-market
Supply and demand, Limited government interference, commercial agriculture and industry
Command economic system
Cooperation and set of competition, government controlled, creates a lack of incentives or corruption
Mixed/socialist
A combination of free market and command, almost all countries fall under this category
Traditional
Trade/barter, no money, customs and traditions
Judaism
Origin – Israel
Holy book – Torah
Founder – Moses
Place of worship – synagogue
Christianity
Origin – Jerusalem
Holy book – the Bible
Founder – Jesus
Place of worship – church
Islam
Origin – mecca
Holy book – Qarah
founder – Mohammed
Place of worship – mosque
Hinduism
Place of origin – India
holy book – the Vedas
founder – none
place of worship – Temple
Buddhism
Origin – India
holy book – the Canon
Founder – Buddha
place of worship – temple or home
Sikhism
Origin – punjab
holy book — Adi Granth
Founder – Guru Nanak
Place of worship – gurdwara
