Unit test Flashcards
Sig Digs
count all digits 1-9 including zeros in between and after. No the zeros before the first 1-9 number. more helpful to put them into scientific notations
Adding and Subtracting
Uses lowest amount of decimal points for final answer
Multiplying and Dividing
Uses lowest amount of significant digits for final answer.
how many metres are in a km
1000
How many seconds are in a hour
3600
Define Motion
change in position from a reference point
Uniform Motion (uninterrupted)
An object traveling at a constant rate in a straight line
-Great for calculation but in real life it is impossible to maintain for long periods of time.
Graphing
y axis is vertical
X axis is horizontal
Needs a title
Manipulated Variable
The one that the experimenter changes
plotted horizontal on the x axis
seen increasing by regular intervals
Includes units
Responding Variable
Is the one that the experimenter measures
Value depends on manipulated variable
Plotted on the vertical y axis
Will not be seen to increase by regular intervals
Slope
Measures amount of steepness of a given line segment
Rise/Run or change in y/change in x
y2-y1/x2-x1
Velocity formula
v= d/t d= vXt t= d/v
Positive Slope
Will rise to the right
Negative Slope
Will fall to the right
Vertical lines on Graph
will have an infinite slope
Higher Velocity, Lower Velocity and No change in Velocity
HV- Acceleration
LV- Deceleration
NCIV- steady speed the whole time
Figuring Out Average Speed
Distance traveled/ Time elapsed
OR
d final-d Initial/ t final - d initial
Km/h –> m/s
divide by 3.6
m/s –> km/h
multiply by 3.6
Speed
The rate at which something or someone is able to move or operate at
Velocity Definition
The speed of something in a given direction (E)
-Change of displacement during a specific time
Distance
The amount of space between two things
Displacement
The movement of something from its original position. The amount travelled since the initial position.
Scalar Quantity
measures the magnitude of something
EX- Speed
Vector Quantity
Measurement that refers to the magnitude and the direction something has travelled. EX-Velocity
Arrow on top of variable
the arrow indicates the referral of a vector quantity
Acceleration
A change in velocity during a specific time
-Is a vector quantity (has direction and amount)
Acceleration will be squared in equations
Positive Acceleration
-Both the change in magnitude of velocity and the direction are positive or negative
Speeds up in right direction (right)
Slows down in Wrong direction (left)
Negative Acceleration
-The change in Magnitude of velocity is negative while the direction is positive or the other way around.
EX- Gravity
slow down in right direction (right)
speed up in wrong direction (left)
Formula for Acceleration
A= change in v/change in t
Why cant acceleration be a negative number
because you cannot go back in time (realistically)
Newtons 3 Laws
- Every object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless compelled to change its state by an action of external force
- The velocity of an object changes when its subjected to an external force (FORCE MEASURED IN NEWTONS)
- For every action/force in nature there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Force
force = mass X acceleration. It is a vector quantity so its acts in a direction.
since a= v/t…..f=m X v/t
Work
Work is expressed in the units of Joules. Work measure how far you have travelled from your initial position.
W= f X d
W also equals the change in energy
How many KJ are in a J
1000
Gravitational Potential Energy
The energy that is stored caused by being in a resting position.
m X h X g
Kinetic energy
potential energy converts into kinetic energy once in motion and the energy is no longer stored.
EK = 1/2mv2
Gravity on earth
9.81m/s2
gravity on earth compared to gravity on the moon and Jupiter
the moons gravity is slower around 1.6m/s2 and the gravity on Jupiter is higher around 24.8m/s2.
