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Unit test #5 > Unit test #5 > Flashcards

Unit test #5 Flashcards

1
Q

what number president and year was Andrew jackson

A

7th, 1828

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2
Q

who did Jackson defeat in the election

A

john quincy adams

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3
Q

in the election of 1824 what happened

A

Jackson and adams tied

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4
Q

what did Jackson accuse adams of making, and with who

A

a corrupt bargin with henry clay

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5
Q

what would adams do for clay inreturn

A

make him secretary of state

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6
Q

what happened at Jackson’s inagoration

A

it was wild, his supporters partied so hard that they ended up trashing the white house

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7
Q

what helped Jackson to becoming elected

A

it was no longer required for man to own property to vote, there was also a voter turnout of 57 percent, which was much higher than usual.

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8
Q

what political changes did Jackson make when he made office

A

he was the first to use the spoils system, which rewarded supporters with governemtn positions
Also by the next election the US was using a national convention to nominate canidates for president

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9
Q

what as Jackson’s nick name

A

blad hickory

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10
Q

why was Jackson different from past presidents

A

he was born poor, he had been fighting in battles against the native americans since he was 13, he was a colonal in the army; achieving fame at the battle of new Orleans during the war of 1812

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11
Q

what was Jackson known as and why

A

he was known as the self made man, because of his upbringingand he had achieved fame without family or political connections. he worked at a planter in the south and owned slaves.

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12
Q

because of his life as a planter, what was he wary of

A

intellectuals

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13
Q

what things did Jackson survive

A

an assanination attempt, several duels, being shot at one of the duels in the chest and walking away from it, the bullet forever in his chest

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14
Q

what did some people claim about Jackson and who did they refer to him too because of this

A

they believed he was asserting too much power as president and called him king andrew

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15
Q

what did congress do in 1828

A

raised tariffs/taxes on imported goods

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16
Q

why did they do this

A

to encourage people to buy goods from the north

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17
Q

how did the tarrifs affect the south

A

hurt the south because they had to pay higher prices

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18
Q

what did south Carolina threaten to do

A

secede from the US if they we forced to pay the tariffs

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19
Q

what did the decision of SC lead to

A

the nullification crisis

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20
Q

what was the nullification crisis

A

Jackson sent in federal troops t force the people to follow the law and threatened to hang the leader of the rebellion if they didnt

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21
Q

who was the leader of the rebellion

A

john calhoon, jacksons VP

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22
Q

what did Jackson not like the idea of having

A

a ntional bank

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23
Q

why did Jackson not like the banks president

A

he felt that he had too much power ove the nations economy, and that it was bad to have all the nations money in one bank

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24
Q

who supported the national bank

A

hennery clay, jacksons main oponient, this topic became a major campaign debate in the 1832 election

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25
Q

when Jackson was re-elected in 1832, what did he veto

A

he vetoed the re-charter of the national bank and took all the federal money and split it all up into smaller “pet” banks in all different states

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26
Q

what was Jackson’s most infamous event durng his presidency

A

the native American removal from their homelands

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27
Q

why did Jackson want to remove the NA’s

A

he wanted to remove them form the south east to provide more land for farmers

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28
Q

what did he tell the NA’s

A

he promised them land in the west

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29
Q

which five tribes did not want to give up their land

A

Cherokee, creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw, and seminole

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30
Q

what did the Cherokee go for far to do

A

they went as far as to assiilate to the white culture by speaking English, worshiping Christianity, dressing like them, and owning slaves

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31
Q

what did the supremem court say and how did Jackson react

A

they ruled in favor of the NA’s and said that they could remain on the land, but Jackson ignored the order and tricked tribal leaders into signing the indian removal act, causing the Na’s to lose their land

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32
Q

what happened when the chreokee tribe refused to leave

A

Jackson ordered the military to round them up and force them to move.

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33
Q

how many Na’s did the military force to leave and leave

A

they forced about 13000 NA’s and made them march to the indain territory

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34
Q

what state was the indian territory in

A

what is now oklahoma

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35
Q

how many Na’s died along the way and what is the trail known as

A

about 4000 Na’s died on what is known as the trail of tears

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36
Q

what does the term antebellum mean

A

pre-war

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37
Q

what were the 5 reform movements during the second great awakening

A
  1. temperance
  2. abolitionism
  3. woman’s rights
  4. asylum and penal reform
  5. education
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38
Q

how do the belifs of the Unitarians differ from the those of the puritains

A

uni: a god of love, and forgivness
pur: a god of hate and anger

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39
Q

according to a unitarrian, how does a person show love for god

A

going out and doing good for others, helping people

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40
Q

why did social reform movements occur mainly in the north

A

sountheners refused reform because they feared the abolination of slavery

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41
Q

what does it mean by “social gospel”

A

the idea that you take what you learn in church and apply it to your daily life

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42
Q

what two religions groups see the greatest increase in membership

A

Baptists, methiodists

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43
Q

what was the goal of the temperance movement

A

to eliminate social promlems by curbing (limiting) drinking

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44
Q

why are there drastic increases and decreases in alcohol consumtion in the US

A

wars-drops

peace-rises

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45
Q

what three places did the asylum movement focus in reforming

A

orphanages, jails, hospitals

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46
Q

what changed about the goal of these asylums

A

confinement- shifted to the reform of personal character

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47
Q

who was the major leader of the asylum movement

A

dorthea dix

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48
Q

what were some of the conditions she reported

A

being changed, kept in cages/closets, beaten with rods

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49
Q

what effect does she have on asylums in america

A

in response to the efforts, 28 states maintained mental institutions by 1860

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50
Q

who is the leader of the education reform movement

A

Horace mann

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51
Q

what are some new educational ideas that mann introduced

A
  • state board of education
  • teachers should be trained
  • history/geogrphy
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52
Q

why was Oberlin college different from any other college

A

it was the first coed college

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53
Q

what is the name of the first woman only college

A

mount holyoke

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54
Q

what is the goal of the abolitionist movement

A

free slaves and sent them back to Africa to a free state

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55
Q

how do gradualists and immediatists differ on the slavery issue

A

grad- gradualy have slavery fade out

imm- slavery is totally immoral we need to get rid of it right away

56
Q

who was the newspaper editor who was a leading abolisionist

A

William Lloyd garrison

57
Q

what is the newspaper called

A

the liberator

58
Q

what are some of garrisons main ideas on the slavery issue?

A
  • immediate end to slavery
  • racial equality
  • slave holders should not be compensated for loss of slavery
59
Q

why was Frederick douglas such an influencial abolisionist

A

he ecaped rom slavery in Maryland and lived through it

-he was educated (illegally taught when he was a slave)

60
Q

who is issabella baumfree

A

also called sojourner truth

-she travels and tells people about slavery and woman’s rights

61
Q

what is the under ground railroad

A

escape passage fro slaves to the north

62
Q

why were white americans important to the success of the underground railroad

A

they provided safe houses

63
Q

what are some terms of the under ground railroad that are similar to the real rail road

A

conductor: leader of the escape
passengers: escaping slaves
tracks: routes
trains: farm wagons transporting the escaping slaves
depots: safe houses

64
Q

where does slavery grow most rapidly between 1820-1860

A

cotton belt

65
Q

what are some conditions of woman in the 19th century

A
  • unable to vote
  • legal status of a minor
  • single-can own her own property
  • married-no control over her property or her children
  • could not initiate divorce,
  • couldn’t make sign a contract, or bring suit in court without her husband’s permission
66
Q

what does the term “cult of domesticity” mean

A
  • womans job is to be at home cooking cleaning, and raising children
  • husbands job to be out making money, and protecting family
67
Q

where did the womans rights convention take pkace in 1848

A

Seneca falls new york

68
Q

who wrote the Seneca falls declaration

A

elizibeth cady stanton

69
Q

what is the declaration modled after

A

the declaration of independence

70
Q

what two factors made immigration increase in America in the 1800’s

A
  • growth in industry, a lot more jobs available

- expanding physically as a country, west more land available and cheap

71
Q

about how many immagrants came to America between 1840 and 1860

A

4 million

72
Q

where did most of these immigrants come from

A

Germany and ireland

73
Q

what are the “push” factors

A

reasons why people want to leave the country they were in

74
Q

what are the “pull” factors

A

why you want to go to a certain country

75
Q

give some examples of both push and pull factors

A

push: war, famine, lack of freedom Pull: land, freedom, jobs

76
Q

what tw reasons caused the irish to come to America in the 1800’s

A
  • irish potato famine

- little opportunity for wealth in ireland

77
Q

where did most irish settle

A

large cities on the east coast

78
Q

what jobs did they have

A

men: builders woman: domestic servants

79
Q

why did many germans leave their country

A

political/economic issues

80
Q

where did they settle

A

midwest

81
Q

what jobs did they have

A

farmers (rural areas) skilled workers , masons, tailors, seam stresses (cities)

82
Q

why were some native born americans opposed to immagration

A

fearful that immagrants will take all the jobs

83
Q

how did religions contribute to problems between americans and immagrants

A

religious tention because immagrants are catholic and americans are protestants

84
Q

what is the name of americans who oppose immagration

A

nativists

85
Q

what is the name of the political party they form

A

know nothings

86
Q

what are their three main goals

A
  • make it difficult fr immagrants to become citizens
  • keep immagrants out of public office
  • keep catholics out of public office
87
Q

how did the industrial revolution help the development of cities

A

led to the creation of many large factories and cooperations

88
Q

how did the transportation revolution help the development of cities

A

allowed more americans to get to the cities

89
Q

what new socioeconomic group develops

A

the middle class

90
Q

what jobs do the middle class have

A

manufactuars, merchants, crafts people

91
Q

how are they different from the other two classes

A

not as wealthy byt not as poor

92
Q

wht were some of the problems with living in the cities

A

few public services, water was dirty, garbage wasn’t collected, no police, constant fires

93
Q

how much did these cities grow between 1820-1850

A

they doubled

94
Q

where were most cities in America located

A

in the north

95
Q

where did the industrial revolution start originally

A

britian

96
Q

what 2 factors made the revolution possible

A
  • better control of desiese=larger workforce and child mortality went down
  • adbancements in agriculture made food-products less labor-intensive= less need for farmers
97
Q

what is the ajor invention that started therevolution? who invented it?

A

steam engine- james watt

98
Q

Richard arkwrights invention

A

water powered spinning frame

99
Q

herny cort’s invention

A

inporved steal making process

100
Q

john steaton’s invention

A

concreate

101
Q

William Murdoch’s invention

A

gas lighting

102
Q

john fowler’s invention

A

steam plough

103
Q

what is the major invention that started the industrial revolution in America, who invented it

A

cotton gin- eli whitney

104
Q

what does this invention do

A

separate cotton seeds from fibers

105
Q

what affect does it have on america

A

widespread growth of cotton farming from NC-LA

-production doubles

106
Q

how does the farm change during this time period

A

family farm-commercial farm

massproduction

107
Q

what product is found in Georgia and south Carolina?

A

rice

108
Q

what product is found LA

A

sugar

109
Q

product in new England

A

fruit and veggies, pultry and dairy

110
Q

product in middle states

A

wheat

111
Q

product in most states

A

pork and beef

112
Q

what becomes the major industry in america

A

manufacturing

113
Q

what happens to skilled craftsmen

A

they become obsolete

114
Q

how do interchangeable parts affect production

A

leads to mass production and being able to fix things quicler

115
Q

the industrial revolution causes what other revolution in america

A

transportation

116
Q

why was this ervolution nessesary

A

to promote interstate commerce

117
Q

how does the steam engine impact this revolution

A

leads to the introduction of the steam boat/ locomotive

118
Q

what is meant by “industrial revolution”

A

a shift from goods made by hand to factory and mass production

119
Q

why was America slow to embrace the factory system

A
  • scarce labor
  • little capital
  • superiority of british factories
120
Q

who is considered to be the “father of the American factory system”

A

Samuel slater

121
Q

where did Samuel slater build his mill? what did it produce?

A

Pawtucket, RI, cotten

122
Q

who made the American mills superior to the british

A

francis c lowell

123
Q

what invention helped francis Lowell make Americas mills superior to the british ones

A

the power loom

124
Q

who were the factory girls

A

young girls about our age who worked in factories and their wages went to the college funds of ther brothers

125
Q

how many hours per week did they work

A

6 days a week for 13 hours a day

126
Q

why were they so closely surpervised outside of the factory

A

they needed to be pretected

127
Q

by 1850 what percentage of woman were working outside the home

A

10%

128
Q

what concept were the woman trying to get away from

A

cult of domesticity

129
Q

why did the averge size of a family decline at this time

A

woman are working more and not getting married as young

130
Q

what are the wage slaves

A
  • no freedom

- working in bad conditions

131
Q

what are the conditions in the factories

A

lack of heat, breathing same air, long hours, low wages

132
Q

what role did children have in the factories

A

small fingers- use tools

133
Q

which party tended to support workers rights

A

democratic party

134
Q

what were some rights worker sought

A

10h/day, higher wages, better conditions

135
Q

how did the commonwealth vs. hunt decision help workers

A

legalized unions

Unit test #5 (1 decks)

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