Unit Test 1 Flashcards
Intensive property
A property that doesn’t change with the amount
Ex. Density, Color
Size of the sample doesnt matter
Extensive Property
A property that change with the amount
Ex mass
Size of the sample does matter
Molecules of a solid
Slightly moving (vibrate), are connected and stuck together Has volume and shape
State of matter with defenite volume and shape
Molecules of a liquid
Slow moving and spread apart
Has volume but no shape
Molecules of gas
Move rapidly fast and chaotic
Has no volume or shape
Faster than gas is aqueous
Elements
Defenition- Atoms
(# does not matter) gold is always gold
Can not be seperated
Compound
Defenition - 2 or more ELEMENTS bonded together
Can be broken down by adding or subtracting water chemically but NOT psychically
Heterogeneous Mixture
The factors of the mixture are different and not equally distributed
Ex granite, oak cabinets
Homogeneous Mixture
The factors of a mixture are uniformly distributed
Ex gasoline, kool aid, saltwater
Physical change
Substance changes form but does not change formula
Ex ice> water > liquid
(Can be undone)
Chemical Change
Substance changes from chemical A to chemical B
Indicators of chemical change
Gas is coming off
Heat and light
Color change
Precipitate is formed- 2 homogeneous mixtures combine
Quantitative Measurments
Exact measurements of quantity or numbers
Ex mass, volume, temperatures
Qualitative measurements
Based off of the senses Look- estimates Smell Touch Taste Sound
Scientific Notation
Used to express really big or small numbers
2.6 x 10 E 4
E is the # of decimal places to the right if a positive and left if negative to return to original form
Ex. 26000
Temperature
Molecule Speed
Measured with kelvin (k) or degrees celcius (Co)
Accuracy
Depends on measuring device
Ex 2.2, 2.39 2.38
Precision
Multiple measurements close and consistent
You can be precise and accurate or precise but not accurate but never just precise
Significant Figure Rules
(Only as good as least accurate device)
- All non zeros count
- All captive zeros count (406)
- All leading zeros don’t count (.000003)
- Trailing zeros only count with a decimal
Significant Figure Calculations
Multiplication/ Division- round to the lowest # of significant figures
Addition/ Subtraction- round to least accurate place value
Density
Formula = mass/ volume
Units g/cm^3
Absolute Zero
Coldest possible (0K) or -273o C Molecular movement stops
Temperature Formula
oC + 273 = K
Dimensional Analysis
- Write all #s as fractions
- Write everything w/ unit
- Cancel out units
- Top #s multiplied
- Bottom #s divided each time
Defenition of Matter
Anything that has mass or volume
Ex. Rock, water, dry ice
Properties
Something thats important
Ex flammable or combustable
Physical Properties
Can be tested without changing chemical makeup or property
Chemical properties
In order to be tested, chemical properties must change
